US737249A - Process of converting solidified oils into a soluble oil. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES fatented August 25,1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

PROCESS OF CONVERTING SOLIDIFIED OILS INTO A SOLUBLE OIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 737,249, dated August 25, 1903,

Application filed July 9, 1901. Serial No. 67.638. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAHAM KRONSTEIN, chemist and doctor of philosophy, and a subject of the Emperor of Austria, residing at 95 Kriegsstrasse, in the city of Karlsruhe, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, German Em ire, have invented a certain new and useful rocess of Converting Solidified Oils into a Soluble Oil, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to the manufacture of a soluble oil from thesolid bodies obtained from drying-oils,from Chinese woodoil or tung-oil, (the oil of Elceococca oernz'cia or Alenrites cordaica) from oil like artificial esters of unsaturated organic fatty acids, such as allyl cinnamate and mixtures of any of these bodies, and with resins. Such substances when heated up to a high temperature at the exclusion of oxygen and decomposition solidify and decrease in solubility. In some cases the products obtained are entirely insoluble in the ordinary solvents. If such insoluble bodies obtained are heated to a temperature of about 180 centigrade or above, and preferably by applying the flame directly to the vessel in which these substances are contained, they melt and are converted into a liquid, the thick oils thus obtained being soluble in oil of turpentine, benzol, oil of camphor, and the like. They differ from the thick viscid oils known heretofore in their property of producing varnishes and lacquers of improved drying qualities by the addition of but very small quantities of so-called driers or oxidizers as oxid of lead, borate of manganese, and the like-and they are moreover distinguished by their being free from the nasty pungent odor of the oils hitherto employed in varnishmaking. The property shown by the oils obtained by my process of being easily converted into varnishes is so marked and characteristic that it mayserve as ameans to determine the nature of a particular oil or as an indication of the process of manufacture by which a particular lacquer has been obtained by the comparative decrease in the time required for drying which the new products exhibit. It is essential in my process, however, that the thick oil obtained thereby be exposed to the melting-heat for a limited time only, inasmuch as otherwise very essential changes will take place in thematerial which are indicated by the evolution of very pungent gases which act as irritants upon the eyes and the mucous membranes. It is therefore essential that the oil as soon as obtained be rapidly withdrawn from the action of the high temperatures. either by Working with small quantities only at a time or by so conducting the melting operation that asosoon as the melting operation hasset in the oil produced can flow off immediately.

The change or decomposition produced by too prolonged heating. may also be obviated by melting the solidified oils above referred to in presence of resins, the amount of which is regulated according to the nature of the resin employed. It has been found that the decomposition during and after the melting process may be prevented by adding resins to the solidified oil in such a quantity which when added to the ordinary oil in its original unchanged condition willprevent the solidification of the same, whichwould otherwise take place when the original oil is heateddto about 180 to 240 centigrade. Thus, for instance, of resin or of asphaltum about thirty per cent. should be added, of dammar about This is accomplished.

sixty per cent., While of amber an addition of fifty per cent. and of gum-copal of seventy per cent. is necessary to overcome the tendency of the solidified oil-to decompose during the remelting process. If mixtures of difier- 'ent kinds of resin are used, the proportion to 'be added will of course vary in accordance with the nature of the constituents ofuthe mixtures.

If an addition of resin has already been used in the previous solidification process of the ordinary original oil, the quantity of resin still to be added to overcome decomposition during the melting process should be correspondingly decreased. The color of the oil which is thus obtained by remelting the intermediate solidified and insoluble oil deat which the remelting process was started was approaching that at which the previous solidification set in. The melting-points of the intermediate solidified products vary according to the difference in raw material from which such solid bodies are obtained at different temperatures.

By submitting vegetable drying-oils or the above-mentioned oily products to a process of solidification and subsequent remelting the properties of the oil have been entirely changed by this treatment. Of raw material to which my process may be applied, I may mention Chinese wood-oil (the oil of Elwococca oerm'cict) and its mixtures with dryingoils. Thus I may proceed as follows for carrying out my invention:

Example 1: Two hundred pounds ofa mixture of fifty per cent. Chinese wood-oil (Elwococcct oerm'cia) and fifty per cent. linseed-oil are first solidified by heating the mixture to 200 to 240 Centigrade, the heating being interrupted as soon as solidification sets in, the product forming a jelly-like mass. The latter is then heated up to 250 centigrade by direct application of the flame, and the temperature is then raised to about 290 centi grade. During the melting process care should be taken to have the oil run oif immediately as soon as it is formed.

Example 2: Sixty pounds of resin are melted and then heated up to about 250 centigrade. Then about one hundred and forty pounds of any desired wholly or partially solidified oil are added, whereupon the temperature is so far increased as to obtain a clear fusion.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The process of manufacturing a viscid,

thick oil which is readily acted upon by driers and is soluble in the ordinary solvents of resins and oils, the said process consisting in first heating natural and artificial esters of unsaturated fatty acids until solidification takes place, then increasing the temperature until the intermediate solidified body is remelted.

2. The process of manufacturing a viscid thick oil as a raw material for the action of driers which consists in mixing vegetable fatty oils with a suitable amount of resin, heating the mixture, until solidification takes place, then raising the heat and remelting the intermediate, solidified product, substantially as described.

3. The process of manufacturing a viscid thick oil which is readily acted upon by driers and is soluble in the ordinary solvents of resins and vegetable oils, the said process consisting in heating natural and artificial esters of unsaturated fatty acids until solidification takes place, adding and mixing a suitable amount of resin to the solidified mass, raising the heat and remelting the product.

4:. The process of manufacturing a viscid thick oil readily susceptible to the oxidizing action of so-called driers, which consists in heating unsaturated oily material until solidification takes place, raising the heat and remelting the product, the oil being removed from the action of the high temperature as soon as remelted, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ABRAHAM KRONSTEIN.

\Vitnesses:

' Momz SIMON,

JULIUs Hum.