US734451A - Telegraph-repeater. - Google Patents

Description

No. 734,451. PATENTED JULY 21,1903.

' J. G. BARCLAY.

TELEGRAPH REPBATBR.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 24, 1903. N0 MODEL. 76

2&1

INVENTOI? 40 WITNESSES:

A OHNE Y5 UNITED STATES Patented July 21, mos.

JOHN G. BARCLAY, OF NEW YORK, Y.

TELEGRAPHE-REPEATERL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Batent No. 734,451, dated uly 21, 1903. Application filed March 24, 1903. Serial No. 149,269. (NonmdeL) To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHNQBARCLAY, a cit i zen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph-Repeaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates 'to telegraph-repeaters, and particularly to polar repeaters; and it consists in novel polar repeating-relays having their operating-magnets located .in the incoming main-line circuits and having contact-points for connecting generators to the'outgoing main-line circuits and for reversing the direction of the current in such outgoing circuits and other contacts for operating the sounders at the repeating-stations, and in other features of invention, as hereinafter pointed out in the claims.

The objects of iny invention are to increase the speed of telegraph-repeaters, to combine the main-line relays and the pole'changers of such systems in single instruments, and to make the system as simple, efficient, and reliable as possible.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying" drawings, in which my improved repeatingrelay and the circuits .and instruments used therewith are illustrated, andwill then point out the novel features in claims.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section ofmy repeating-relay. Fig."

the present time a main-line polar relay the magnet of which is connected to the incom:

ing line controls, by means of a local circuit and battery, a pole-changer arranged to connect a generator or generators to the outgoing line and to reverse the direction of current therein with each operation of the main-- line relay. Such a system is necessarily slower in operation than one in which the main-line relay itself connects the generator or generators to "the outgoing line and controls the polarity of the current in such line; but heretofore it has not been found practicable to employ such main-line repeaters on telegraphlines of considerable length, because in such lines it is necessary to use current of high potential, the sparking caused by which at the contact-points of ordinary pole-changers interferes with the operation of a repeater if the latter is not operated by a strong magnet having ample current to energize it. In a repeating system the current in the incoming line, by which the repeater must be operated, may be very weak and incapable of overcoming the resistance to the operation of a main-line relay caused by sparking at its contact-points, if such sparking occurs. the past in order to avoid sparking at the pole-changers to use very long armature-levers, producing relatively great separation of the contact-points, and to use condensers, which are expensive, Such pole-changers are sluggish in operation. I have found, however, that in a polar relay such as herein illustrated and described there is little or no sparking and that such a relay may be used as a main-line repeating-relay without interference with its operation by sparking and with a considerable gain in speed of the system. i I

Referring now to the accompanying draw ings, and at first to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 thereof, illustrating the repeating-relay, the said relay comprises a box 1, resting on a base 2 and inclosing two magnets 3 and4, having oppo-- sitely-disposed pole- pieces 6, 7, 8, and 9, be-

is relatively thinand flexible. Arm115 works between contact-stops 17 and 18 and arm 16 between other stops 19 and 20, one or bothof Also it has been necessary in which may be contacts. Arm 16 is insulated from arm 15 by insulating material 21. The top plate 22 of box 1, on which plate the brackets supporting the stops are mounted, is also of insulating material.

In Fig. 4 numerals 23 and 24 designate two such relays, and 25 and 26 designate two telegraph-lines terminating at the magnet-coils of these relays, which are supposed to be located at a repeating-station. For convenience in illustration the contact-arms 16 of these relays are shown in Fig. 4 as located diametrically opposite to but insulated from arms 15. Each main-line circuit passes through one magnet of its repeating-relay to a point 27 or 28, where it is joined by a corresponding artificial line- circuit 29 or 30, which passes through the opposite magnet of that relay to ground. From points 27 and 28 wires 31 and 32 lead to three-point switches 33 and 34. In the normal position of the switch-arms shown wires 31 and 32 are connected through said switches to wires 35 and 36 and thence to the contact-arm 15 of the opposite line-relay. Dynamo- generators 37, 38, 39, and 40 are arranged in pairs, with oppositelyconnected brushes, one brush ofeach generator connected to one of the contact-stops of thecorresponding repeating-relay, the other connected to ground. This arrangement of generators and contact-points will be recognized as the ordinary arrangement for reversing the direction of current in a telegraph-line employed when dynamogenerators are used. If batteries are used for supplying current to the line, the relays 23 and 24 may have the well-known arrangement of continuity preserving contact-points for reversing the direction of current in a line.

The flexible armatu re-arm 16 of each ofthe two relays 23 and 24 is in a local circuit, connected likewise to the back-stop 20 of that arm and controlling a sounder. These sounders are numbered 41 and 42. Such sounders are required in order that the attendant at the repeating-station may properly supervise the operation of the instruments and may read off the messages, if necessary. Switches 33 and 34, when reversed from the positions shown in Fig.4, connect to the lines polechangers 43 and 44 of the ordinary type arranged to be operated byordinary hand-keys. These pole-changers are provided to enable the repeating-station attendant to comm unicate with the opposite ends of the lines terminating at the repeating-station and to enable him to repeat manually when necessary.

The operation of this repeating system is as follows: Supposing a message to be coming in to the repeating-station on main line 25, the signals in said line pass through one magnet of relay 23 to point 27 and thence pass through wire 31, switch 33, and wire 35 to the armature contact-arm 15 of the second repeating-relay 24. If the incoming currentpulse of line 25 is of positive polarity, for example, and the armature of relay 24 is in connection with the negative pole of dynamo 40, then the incoming current-pulse passes through generator 40 to ground. Likewise if the incoming pulse is negative and the armature of relay 24 is in connection with the positive pole of dynamo 39 the current-pulse in passing through the magnet of relay 23 deflects its armature to the opposite position. If, however, the armature of relay 24 is in connection with a dynamo-pole of the same polarity as the current-pulse coming in over line 25, the two currents oppose each other in conductor 35; but the armature of relay 23 is nevertheless deflected by current from dynamo 39 or 40, as the case may be, passing through the artificial line 29. When the armature of relay 23 is reversed, the direction of the current in the outgoing line is reversed. The current from these generators passes to the outgoing line from the armature contactarm 15 of relay 23 through conductor 36 and thence through switch 34 and wire 32 to point 28, where the circuit divides, one branch passing through one magnet of relay 24 to the outgoing line 26, the other branch passing through the other magnet of said relay to the artificial line 30.

Incoming signals on line 26 are repeated in precisely the same manner by relay 24 repeatinginto line 25, and, as is well known, relay 23 may be repeating into line 26 while relay 24 is repeating into line 25.

Repeating-relays of the type herein illustrated are exceedingly rapid in their operation and are also substantially free from sparking at their main-line contacts. eifect of the freedom of these instruments from interference by sparking is to permit their use, as main-line repeaters under conditions which preclude the use of ordinary polechangers, such as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4 and designated by numerals 43 and 44.

Because of the rapidity with which relays 23 and 24 operate and also because they are directly operated by the signals in the incomingline and directly control the direction of current in the outgoing line the operation of a repeating system such as herein described may be very rapid, so as to permit material increase in the speed of transmission.

What I claim is- 1. In a telegraph-repeater, the combination with main lines, of a polar repeating-relay comprising two magnets having each two pole-pieces of dilferent polarity arranged opposite similar but oppositely-magnetized polepieces of the other magnet, and a polarized armature interposed between the said poles of said magnets, and arranged to operate polechanging contacts of said relay and also to operate separate local-circuit contacts, and means for supplying current, said relay having one magnet connected to one of said main lines and having its pole-changing contacts connected to the other main line and to said means for generating current; and a local The IIO

armature interposed between the said poles of said magnets, and arranged to operate pole-changing contacts of said relay and also to operate separate localcircuit contacts; and means for supplying current; each said relay having one magnet connected to one of said main lines and the other magnet connected to the corresponding artificial line, and having its pole-changing contacts connected to the other main line and to said means for generating current; and a local circuit and sounder for each relay operated by the local-circuit contacts thereof.

3. In a telegraph-repeater, the combination with main lines, of a polar repeating-relay comprising two magnets having each two pole-pieces of different polarity arranged opposite similar but oppositely magnetized pole-pieces of the other magnet, and a polarized armature interposed between the said poles of said magnets, and arranged to operate pole-changing contacts of said relay and also to operate separate local-circuit contacts, and means for supplying-current, said relay having one magnet connected to one of said main lines and having its pole-changing contacts connected to the other mainline and to said means for generating current; a local circuit and sounder operated by said localcircuit contacts, another .polechanging relay, connected to means for supplying current, and a switch arranged to connect. said second pole-changing relay'to one of the main linesin lieu of the repeating-relay.

4:. In a telegraph-repeater, the combination with two main and corresponding artificial lines, of two polar repeating-relays each comprising two magnets having each two pole-pieces of different polarity arranged opposite similar but oppositely-magnetized polepieces of the other magnet, and a polarized armature interposed between the said poles of said magnets, and arranged to operate polechanging contacts of said relay and also to operate separate local-circuit contacts; and means for supplying current; each said relay having one magnet connected to one of said main lines and the other magnet connected to the corresponding artificial line, and having its pole-changing contacts connected to the other mainline and to said means for generating current; a local circuit and sounder for each relay operated by the local-circuit JOHN C. BARCLAY.

Witnesses:

HARRY M. MARBLE, G. R. BENJAMIN.

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