US733337A - Process of forming concrete piles. - Google Patents

Description

No. f7-33,3%.

UNITED 'STATES Patented July 7, 190e.

PATENT OFFICE.

PROCESS OF FORMING CONCRETE PILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 733,337, dated July 7, 1903.

Original application tiled April 23,1 1903, Serial No.153,974 Divided and this application led June 6,1903; Serial No.160,354. (No model.)

5;"0 all whom, ihm/ty concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK SHUMAN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in the Process of Forming Concrete Piles, (the same being a division of my application, Serial No. 153,974, iiled April 23, 1903,) of which the following is a specification.

illy invention relates to that method of forming piles of concrete or cement which consists in first driving a preparatory pile into the ground and then withdrawing said preparatory pile and lling the opening formed thereby with concrete or cement in iiuid or plastic form, which when it becomes set forms the permanent pile.

The object of my invention is to ll the openings with concrete or cement in a more acceptable manner than heretofore, and thereby produce a better pile.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional view illustrating the method of forming the openingiu the ground by means of the preparatory pile in accordance withl my invention; and Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are views illustrating successive stages in the formation of the permanent pile in accordance with my invention.

The preparatory pile l is in the form of a metal tube and is provided at the top with a suitable driving-head 2 and at the bottom with a point 3, which is detachable from the pile `l and is in the present instance of so much greater diameter than said pile l that there is no likelihood of the latter coming in contact to any material extent with the walls of the opening formed by driving the pile. Hence said pile can be driven without that excessive friction which results from the contact of the earth with the sides of the pile when the latter is of cylindrical form or tapers inwardly from the top to bottom, the improved pile being also capable of easy withdrawal, owing to the fact that the point 2 is permitted to remain at the bottom of the opening and the pile l is free from any material contact with the walls of the opening above said point.

After the hollow pile has been driven to the proper depth the concrete is poured into the same, and when a sufficient quantity has accumulated at the bottom of the pile and above the point said pile is withdrawn either slowly and continuously or intermittently, a little at a time, and during such withdrawal the supply of concrete to the interior of the pile is continued, so that the concrete will escape into the opening above the point, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, until by the time the pile l is completely withdrawn the opening will be filled with concrete.

The concrete is introduced into the hollow pile at such a rate as to always maintain a head of concrete at the bottom of 'the same, so that in case the opening is formed in wet ground or beneath the water-level the water can gain no access to the interior of the hollow pile, but will be displaced upwardly as the concrete escapes from the lower end of the pile and into the opening. By this means caving in of the walls of the opening when the latter is formed in unstable ground is etfectually prevented and the concrete pile when it becomes set is a homogeneous structure possessing all needed strength.

The point can be made of anydesired shape and of wood, cast or wrought iron, steel, glass, asphaltum, concrete, or combinations of the same, or, in fact, of any material which will withstand the shock of driving, preference being given to a point made of concrete, which may, if desired, be sheathed with sheet metal, except at the top, or internally reinforced to strengthen it, as the plastic con crete of which the pile is composed will take a better hold upon such concrete point than upon a metal or other point not affording so good a holding-surface.

This method of forming the concrete pile may be adopted in connection with the use of any hollow preparatory pile open at the bottom for the escape of the concrete therefrom as the preparatory pile is withdrawn, said hollow pile being introduced by driving, sinking, or in any other available manner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The method of forming concrete piles, which consists in providing a hollow pile, sinking the said pile into the ground to form a hole, and then slowly or intermittently withdrawing the pile, filling the hole with con- IOO crete during such withdrawal, and then permitting the concrete to set, substantially as specified.

2. The method of forming concrete piles, which v consists in providing a hollow pile having a detachable point, sinking said pile into the ground to form a hole, then slowly or intermittently withdrawing the pile, without its point, and filling the hole, above said point, with concrete during such withdrawal of the pile, and permitting the concrete to set, substantially as specified.

3. The method of forming concrete piles, which consists in providing a hollow pile with an enlarged and detachable point, sinking said pile into the ground to form a hole larger than the pile-stem, then slowly or intermittently withdrawing the pile, without its point, and filling the hole above said point, with concrete during such withdrawal of the pile, and then permitting the concrete to set, substantially as specified.

4. The method of forming concrete piles, which consists -in providing a hollow pile with ing the pile, without the point, and filling the hole above said point, with concrete during such Withdrawal, and then permitting the concrete to set, substantially as specified;

5. The method of forming piles, which oon; sists in providing a hollow pile with an en; larged and detachable concrete point, sink# ing said pile into the ground to form a hole larger than the pile-stein, then slowly or intermittently withdrawing the pile, Without the point, and filling the hole, above said point, with concrete during such withdrawal, and then permitting the concrete to set, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

v FRANK SHUMAN.

Witnesses:

F. E. BECHTOLD, WILL. A. BARR.

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