US730941A - Process of making producer-gas. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903,

F. W. MATTHIESSEN. PROCESS OF MAKING PRODUCER GAS.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 29, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

vno MODEL.

UNITED ST aT nsi Patented June 16, 1903.

FREDERICK WV. MATTI-IIESSEN,- OF- LASALLE, ILLINOIS.

PR( )CES S.OF MAKING PRODUCER-GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 730,941, dated June 16, 1903.

' u Application filed October 29, 1902. Serial No. 129,215. (No specimens.)

To. all whom, it maycmwern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. MAT- THIESSEN, of Lasalle, in the State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefullm- 5 provement in Processes for the Manufacture of Producer-Gas, of which the following is a" specification. V

My invention relates to the burning of coal or its equivalent for the production of pro- 10 ducer-gas and other purposes without the es-- cape of smoke.

A prior process for the smokeless combustion of fuel consists in first igniting a charge of fuel in a chamber of considerable length :5 and permitting it to burn by natural draft chamber returning the gaseous products with additional air through other perforations in the chamber transversely through aportion of the fuel which has previously been treated and partly consumed and repeating this operation of returning the products of combustion with air, 850., until the fuel is converted tate carbon. 7

My invention is distinguished from the prior one in first distilling the hydrocarbons from the fuel by heat reflected upon it without air-currents being passed through it and in not directly mixing the gaseous products of combustion with additional air outside of the fuel-chamber. I attain the desired re sults by subjecting coal or its equivalen t under confinement in a suitable chamber to sufficient heat reflected upon it without'aircurrents passing through it to distil the 11ydrocarbons and to oxidize both components thereof in the chamber above the coal and thereafter pass th'e coke formed in the distilling process to the lower part of the chamher and burn the same there with oxygen which may be in excess of the gases produced in the-upper part of the chamber and with oxygen in fresh air specially introduced in or over the chamber.

into combustible gas which does not precipi bustion, the admission of air in the first step to be so regulated that no solid carbon particles, smoke, or soot results from the burning of the hydrocarbons. No smoke or soot can form in the second step,.since carbon without combination is not volatile. e The process consists in separating by distillation in a gas-producer chamber the volatile parts of a fuel from the non-volatile parts and in oxidizing the volatile parts as a first step and the non-volatile parts as a second step in theoperation.

The process may be carried out by means .of an apparatus constructedas illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical central section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the same with portions of the top broken away to show the interior construction and having the exit-flue removed. Fig. 3 is a detail showing a detached part in perspective.

In the drawings, A is a chamber mounted on a bottom plate A, having brackets a.

B is atfiange or extended bottom of an enlarged part of the chamber, and O the chamber-cover, which forms a gas-tight connection The cover is provided with openings at, through which twyers from an air-pipe a are introduced for forcing air into the enlarged upper part of the chamber.

D is a flue for taking off the gas, and it communicates with the lower part of the chamber.

The twyers are provided with valves a for regulating the admission of air, so that all the elements of the hydrocarbons can be oxidized in the enlarged upper part of the chamber before the mixing with the fuel-gases from the coke burning in the central lower part of the chamber. i

-E is an upright shaft which is stepped at the bottom in a bearing of the frame E and at the top in a bearing The bottom plate A, mounted on the shaft, supports the'chamher so as to permit it torrevolve. 'The part ofthe flue D within the chamber is also connected with the shaft by radial flanges d. The cover is stationary and supported independently of the chamber by a frame F, resting on uprights F.

Gis a stationary casing having perforations g for the admission of air to the bottom of the chamber. The connections at c are made gas tight by means of a water seal of ordinary form. The cover is provided with an oblong opening over the enlarged part of the chamber, and. through this opening the spout H of the feed-hopper is inserted. The inner end of the spout is shortened at one side, as shown at h, andinserted until the longer side 72/ will just clear the flange l3. Stoking-openings c are also provided, but ordinarily kept closed. A minute opening into the chamber at c or other suitable place is provided through which a sufficient jet of gas to support a pilotfiame vwill issue.

H is a plowshare-like scraper mounted on the spout and adapted to throw the coal from the flange B toward the center of the chamber.

I is a cone on the shaft and causes the ashes and clinkers to be deflected out toward the margin of the plate A.

J is a scraper mounted on the casing and extended obliquely across the margin of the base-plate A outside the base of the cone, so as to sweep the ashes and clinkers out through an extension G of the easing into an ash-receptacle G forming awater seal with the lower edge g of the extension.

K is an annular rack connected with the bottom of the base-plate and adapted to engage a pinion 7c of a power-shaft for rotating the chamber.

In the operation of the process when using the described apparatus coal is fed continuously to the upper part of the chamber and retained there until hydrocarbons are distilled by the heat produced by the burning of the hydrocarbons themselves in the upper part of the chamber. Sufficient air is admitted over the coal to burn the hydrocarbons to producer-gas. A surplus of oxygen over and above the amount required for that purpose may be introduced. By the rotation the coke is passed to the central lower part of the chamber and burned there with the surplus atmospheric oxygen introduced to the hydrocarbons and with sufficient further air admitted under the coke to burn the same fully. In this instance distillation and oxidation of the hydrocarbons in the upper part of the chamber are comprised in the first step of the process, and the burning of the coke in the central lower part of the chamber with the surplus of oxygen from the gases resulting from the first step and with the further oxygen in the fresh air introduced under the coke constitutes the second step. The test as to the sufficiency of air admitted over the coal may be determined by the small pilotfiame on the chamberor by the absence of smoke at the exhaust.

What is claimed is- 1. The process of making producer -gas, which consists in separating, by distillation in the upper part of a chamber, the volatile parts of a fuel from the non-volatile parts by heat reflected upon the fuel and oxidizing the volatile parts in the upper part of the chamber as a first step in the operation, and passing the non-volatile parts of the fuel to the lower part of the chamber and oxidizing them as a second step in the operation as specified.

2. The process of making producer-gas, which consists first in subjecting coal under confinement in onepart of a chamber to sufficient reflected heat absent from air-currents passing through the fuel to distil the hydrocarbons of the coal and oxidize both components of the hydrocarbons to producer-gas by air admitted over the coal, and second in oxidizing to producer-gas in the lower part of the chamber the coke produced in the first step of the operation by currents of fresh air introduced to the coke as specified.

FREDERICK W. MATTHIESSEN.

Witnesses:

ANNIE M. ADAMS, ARTHUR C. DAYTON.

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