US728399A - Rope. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 19, 1903;

B. KIRSGH.

ROPE.

APPLICATION IILBD MAR.

F0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 19, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

BERIHARD KIRSCII, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO ADOLF PESSL, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

ROPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,399,'dated May 19, 1903.

Application filed March 1 8, 1 8 9 8.

To (0 whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BERNHARD KIRsoH; a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Vienna, in the Province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ropes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

It has been proposed to manufacture ropes by laying upon a central core successive cylindrical layers of yarns, all applied with a certain degree of tension, in order, on the one hand, to obtain a more equal distribution of the strain applied by a load throughout the fibers than can be eifected in ropes of ordinary manufacture,where by twistingtogether a bundle of yarns the inner yarns are practically not subjected to any strain when the rope is loaded, and are consequently useless. On the other hand, by the said manufacture of ropes of cylindrical layers of yarns the further advantage is obtained of avoiding the production of interstices, such as occur in ordinary ropes composed of a number of ,twisted strands,and consequently such a rope,

(shown and described in my British patent, No. 24,276, of December 13, 1894,) while containing the same amount of fiber, is both stronger and of a less diameter than the ordinary rope.

My present invention has for itsobject to still further increase the strength of such ropes by not only insuring that a certain strain shall be put upon each yarn of which the rope is composed, as was heretofore done, but so arranging the yarns in the several layers that an absolutely equal strain shall be put upon everyindividnal yarn ofeach layer when the rope is loaded, and I effect this by laying each yarn of each layer with exactly the same angle of twist, and consequently with exactly the same length in a unit of length of the rope.

In the arrangements heretofore proposed Serial No. 874,321. (No model.)

for the manufacture of such ropes it was proposed to lay all the yarns in such manner that the helical lines formed-thereby should all be of the same pitch. By this arrangement the result would be obtained as shown in the diagram Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings,where, in Fig. 1, ais the helical line formed by a yarn laid upon a cylindrical surface of the small diameter (Z with the pitch tn, while A is the helical line formed by a yarn upon a cylindrical surface of the larger diameter D, also with the same pitch on. Now it will be seen, in the first place, that theyarnA has a considerably greater length in the distance of the pitch 00 than the length of the yarn a, so that on applying a strain to A it will be capable of stretching to a correspondingly greater extent than the yarn a when this is subject to strain, and, secondly, if the yarns A and a be subject to the samedownward strain in the direction W, then, as the angle a, formed by the yarn A with the vertical W, is much greater than the angle a, formed by the yarn a, it follows that a much smaller proportion of the vertical strain W will be transmitted as a longitudinal strain to A than the proportion that will be transmitted to a, so-that although by this construction it is insured that all the yarns in all the layers shall be subject to a certain strain, yet these strains will be very unequal both on account of the different angles of twist and the difierent degree of stretching in a unit of length of the rope.

If, on the other hand, all the yarns of the different layers be laid with precisely the same angle of twist according to my present invention, it will be seen that, first, all the yarns contained in a unit of length of rope will be of exactly the same length, a'nd will consequently be stretched to the same extent on go being subject to strain, and, secondly, as they will all form an equal angle with the vertieal they will all be subject to the same proportion of the vertical strain. Thusif the line A, Fig.

3, represent part of a helical yarn laid around 5 a cylinder of infinitely large diameter at an angle of twist or, and a, Fig. 4, represent part of a helical yarn laid around the cylinder of the diameterd withthe same angle of twist a,

it will be evident that in the length x of each [00 cylinder the lines A and a, will be of exactly the same length and will make the same an-- gle a with the vertical-W.-

Fig. 5 shows a length'of. roge constructed according to my'above-des'c'rihed invention, in which at the several superposed layers A B O D the yarns a b c d are ali laid with the same angle of twist and are consequently all of the same length in a length m of the rope and form the same angle a with the vertical vline of strain W.

7 As usual in this description of rope, the lay in the concentric layers of yarns is left and right hand alternately, or vice versa, in order to avoid the tendency to untwist or kink.

I I claim- 1 1. A rope composed of a core and concentric layers of helically-laid yarns, each yarn in all said layers having the same angle of twist and consequentlydiflferent pitch, whereby all the yarns will be equally loaded, sub

stantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. A rope, composed of a core and concentric layers of helieally-laid yarns, each yarn of all the layers haying the same angle of BERNHARD KIRSCH.

Witnesses:

HENRY C. CARPENTER, CHAS. E. CARPENTER.

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