US728243A - Wireless telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

10.728,243.' PATBNTBD MAY19,1903.

` J.- P. KING.

WIRELESS TBLEGRAPHY.

APPLIOATIQN. HLBD FEB. 5. 1902.

No MODEL.

dog/wi( UNITED STATES Patented May 19, 190.

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES FOSTER KING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 7 28,243, dated May 19, 1903.

Application filed February 5 1902. Serial No. 92,695. (No model.)

To all whom ibm/tty concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES FOSTER KING, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at 360 West One Hundred and Seventeenth street, New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wireless Telegraphy; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in wireless telegraphy, the object of the said invention being to increase the efficiency of this class of telegraphs, as well as to simplify and reduce the cost of the same.

y To these ends my said invention embodies the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims. 5 5,

In order to more fully describe my said invention, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings, in'whichy Figure l is a diagram y representing the transmitting and receiving apparatus and connections embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 represents in side elevation and partly in central vertical section the coherer and combined decoherer and induction-coil.. y

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout both views.

Referring first to the transmitting part of the apparatus, A represents the oscillator, comprising the usual spheres a, but inthis case having capacity connected across them direct consisting of two metal platesu', securedto preferably iiexible conductors a2, on which the spheres are mounted. The plates a are immersed in oil, carried in any suitable.

receptacle, as the jar o?. The spheres of this oscillator are connected in the secondary circuit of a Rhumkorlf or other suitable induction or spark coil B. Y i

C represents the electromagnetic transmitter, which takes the place of the ordinary transmitting-key usually connected in the primary circuit of the spark-coil. This transmitter, unlike the ordinary key, makes and breaks the said primary circuit through a mercury-cup connection c. rent for the coil B may be derived from any The primary cur-` suitable source of electricity D. This magnetic transmitter is operated by a Morse key E or yother suitable contact-maker, which is connected in circuit with the magnet-coil of said transmitter through a battery F and tongue and back-stop contact g of a relay G.

The receiving apparatus comprises a coherer and combined induction-coil land de- 6o coherer H, double contact-relay G, and the sounder I. This coherer-comprises, among other parts, a glass sealed tube h, in which is carried two silver plates h h2, having preferably iiatupper surfaces and separated longitudinally by insulation h5. These plates are provided, respectively, with' the platinum-wire terminals h3 h4, which are fused in the tube. On the upper `flat surfaces of these plates is placed the metallic particles h6,which form the 7o coherer resistance. Though these particles may be of the ordinarykind used in coherers generally I preferably employ a novel form, consisting each of a magnetic core-iron, for example-surroundedby or enveloped in a non-magnetic and non-oxidizable covering,

such as platinum. By Vthus providing the iron core with a platinum covering the particle is preserved against the destructive action of sparks. very low resistance of the platinum and its non -oxidizable property better contact is formed and more current flows through the coherer than would otherwise be the case. Oxidation of the parts inside the coherer-tube isnfurther prevented by exhausting the air from it. The top of the coherer-'tube is securedfast to a magnet-pole piece k7, which is in turn secured to the iron core hs of an i11- duction-coil. A thick copper casing hi sup- 9o ports the induction-coil and surrounds the coherer and protects it from local inuences. The'coherer-terminal h3 connects to the aerial wire hw, which passes through and is insulated from the core hs and terminates in the sphere 71.11 or its equivalent. The other coherer-terminal h4 makes connection with the metal casing 77.9, which may be connected to. earth, if desired.

In contradistinction to other systems I Work roo the receiving-relay upon a secondary or induced circuit. This circuit is the secondary h12 of the coherer induction-coil, which is preferably of fine German silver wire wound Moreover, on account of the 8o to about the same resistance as the coils of the relay. The primary 77,13 of this inductioncoil is connected in series with the cohererplates, coherer-battery K, choking-coil L, and part ot' the aerial circuit. The connection from the primary to the coherer-terminal 714 is show-n as made through the metal casing 71.9. The primary and secondary coils of this induction-coil are mounted on suitable bobbins of insulation, slipped over the core, and inclosed in a suitable casing h1, as shown in Fig. 2. The self induction ofthe choking-coil L must be sufficient to damp out all the Waves that tend to pass through it, and hence through the battery K and the primary of the coherer induction-coil. The transmission is eected through the oscillator by operating the Morse key in the usual manner. The operation of this key makes and breaks the circuit through the magnet'coils of the transmitter C, and thus causes it to act through its mercury contact and make and break the primary circuit ot` the induction-coil B. By this arrangement a very small battery-current is made to pass through the transmitting-key, While the heavy current for the induction-coil does not pass through the key at all, but through the mercury contact, which is very much better than having this current traverse the key.

The circuit of the Morse key, it will be observed, includes the tongue of the relay G and the back-stop contact, so that it will be seen that when the receiver is operating, which breaks the connection between the said tongue and contact, the transmitting apparatus cannot operate. This relay, which is in reality a double-contact switch as well as a relay, is entirely automatic in its action and overcomes the necessity of manually di'sconnecting the transmitter when the receiver is operating. The messages are received by oscillations striking the sphere hn, connected to the aerial Wire, causing the coherer particles to cohere, and thus complete the circuit of the battery K. This at once induces a current in the secondary of the coherer induction-coil connected to the relay G and at the same time energizes the magnet polepiece 71,7, which attracts the particles and causes them to decohere. This induced current, however, will not alone energize the magnet of the relay G sufficiently to cause the said magnet to attract its tongue, nor is the current from the battery F alone sufcient to operate the said relay, but the combined action of the battery and the induced current when both are acting in the same direction will be sufficient to operate the said relay. Each time this relay is thus operated it completes, through its tongue, the local circuit of the sounder I.

While I have herein shown and described a special receiver of electrical oscillations comprising the combined coherer, decoherer, and induction-coil, I do not wish to be understood as limiting my present invention to use with this special form of instrument, this receiver being the subject of a separate application comprising a division of the present one and filed .Iuly23, 1902, Serial No. 116,676.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that the same may be modied Without departing from the spirit thereof; but

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, the combination with a source of electricity, of an induction-coil receiving its primary current from said source, an oscillator connected directly in the secondary circuit of said induction-coil, a transmitter having an electromagnetically-operated make-and-break liquid contact located in the primary circuit ot' said induction-coil, and means for operating said transmitter, to cause it to make and break the said primary circuit through said liquid contact.

2. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, the combination with an induction-coil and an oscillator for operating the same, of a transmitter having an electromagnetically-operated make-and-break liquid contact located in the primary circuit of said induction-coil, and means for operating said transmitter, said means comprising a key, and a key-circuit traversing the magnet-coils of said transmitter, the said circuit being made and broken by the said key alone during the transmission of a message.

3. In a system of wireless telegraphy, the combination with transmitting and receiving apparatus, of means acting to automatically render the transmitting apparatus inoperative at such times as the receiving apparatus is in operation.

4t. A system of wireless telegraphy having transmitting and receiving apparatus, and au tomatic means operating electrically and acting to render the transmitting apparatus inoperative during the time that the receiving apparatus is in operation.

5. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, the combination with the transmitting and receiving apparatus, of a key-circuit and receiving-relay operating automatically to break the key-circuit when the receiving apparatus is in operation.

6. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, the combination with a transmitting key-circuit, and a receiving-circuit, of a double-contact switch having one of its contacts located in said key-circuit and the other in said receiving-circuit, and a contact-maker common to both circuits, said switch operating automatically to break the said key-circuit when the receiving apparatus is in operation.

7. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, the combination with a transmitting key-circuit, and a receiving-circuit, of a double-contact receiving-relay having one of its contacts located in said key-circuit and the other in said receiving-circuit, and a contact-maker common to both circuits, said receiving-relay operating automatically to break the said key- IOO IIO

circuit when the receiving apparatus is in operation.

8. In a system of Wireless telegraphy, a receiving-relay, a sounder'operated through the tongue and forward contact of said relay and a transmitter operated through lthe tongue and idle back-stop thereof, said relay rendering said transmitter inoperative during the time that said receiving apparatus is in op- Io eration.

9. In a system of wireless telegraphy, a

transmitter, a receiving-relay, a combined decoherer and induction-coi1, and a common source of electricity connected to said transmitter, relay and secondary of said inductioncoil of'said decoherer.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES FOSTER KING.

Witnesses:

CEAS. H. COOKE,` FREDERICK W. GILLARD.

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