US722489A - Fluid-pressure riveter or punch. - Google Patents

Description

PATRNTED MAR.10, 1903. S.' S. UASKRY. FLUID PRESSURE RIVRTRR 0R PUNCH.

APPLICATION 'FILED JAN. 1o, 1901.

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NO MODEL.

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`No. 722,489. U f Y PATENTEDZMR. 10, 1903.

S. S. GASKEY. 1 FLUID PRESSURE RIVETER 0R PUNCH.

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N O MODEL. l 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES SAMUEL S. CASKEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE RIVETER OR PUNCH.

SPECIFICATION yforming part f Letters Patent NO. 722,489, dated March 10, 1903. Application filed January 10I 1901I Serial No. 42,787. (No model.)

To a/ZZ wiz/om t may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. CASKEY, a

citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a newand useful Improvement in Fluid-Pressure Riveters or Punches, of which the followingisa specication.

My invention consists of an improved construction of a huid-pressure riveter or punch wherein the expense of production is reduced to a minimum and the construction simplified, whereby great power is obtained at a minimum cost.

It also consists of a novel construction of a tail-rod, hollow piston, and stationary rod having a passage therethrough and adapted to coact with or telescope into said tail-rod.

It also consists of a novel construction of throttle-valve and its adjuncts.

It also consists of a novel construction of a hollow piston.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view of a fluid-pressure riveter or punch embodying my invention, a portion thereofbeing shown in elevation. Fig. 2 represents, on an enlarged scale, a longitudinal sectional view of the tail-rod in detached position. Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of the throttle-valve support seen in detached position. Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal sectional view of the throttle-valve, the section being taken on line :r of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 represents a section on line 'y y, Fig. 5.

Similar numerals of reference indicate correspondingparts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, the -motive fluid enters the inlet l in the cylinder-head 2, which is preferably of semispherical shape in its inner contour, whereby thecurved inner wall 3 is formed, from which leads the post 4, having its passage 5 therein, which communicates with the passage 6 in the valve-support 7, which is provided with the partition 8 and the port 9.

10 designates a post mounted on the cylinder 1l, said posthaving the passage 12 therein,

whereby a communication is formed between thel piston-chamber 13 and the passage 14 in the valve-support 7, said passage 14 communicating with the passage 6 by means of the port 15 and the recess lo' in the valve 17, the latter consisting of the sleeve or body portion 18, having the passage '19 therethrough,where by said valve is rotatably mounted on the support 7, but is prevented from longitudinal movement by the shoulder or collar 2O and the shoulder 21 of the post 10, said rotary valve being provided with the exhaust-port 22. The cylinder-head 2 is provided with the rearward extension 23, in which reciprocates the tail-rod 24, the latter having the enlarged portion 25, which is of substantially the same' diameter as the inner bore of said extension, whereby a shoulder is formed, against which is held the packing 26 by means of the follower 27 and the bolt or other fastening device 28, it being apparent that said tail-rod, packing-nut, and bolt reciprocate in unison. The inner extremity of the tail-rod 24 is secured within the piston 29 by means of the shoulder 30 and the nut 31, whereby it will be seen that said piston and tail-rod must move in unison. The tail-rod 24 is provided with the longitudinally-extending chamber 32, which is of larger diameter than the alining chamber or passage 33, which is provided with the recesses 34, said passage 33 being of substantially the same diameter as the alining stationary rod 35, the end 36,0f which latter enters the piston 29 and terminates a short distance from the extremity 0f the tail-rod 24 when the latter and its piston are in their extreme left-hand position, as indicated in Fig. l.

rlhe rod 35 extends freely through the packing-nut 37, which is secured in the opening 38 of the piston 29 and is suitably packed by means of the packing 39, which latter is pressed against the plate 40 by means of said packing-nut.

4l designates a longitudinally extending passage in the rod 35,which latter is mounted in the head 42 of the hook 43, which latter is screwed or otherwise 'secured to the cylinder 1l.

44 designates a passage in the hook 43, whereby a communication is formed between the passage 4l and the chamber 45, in the up- ICO per portion of which is located the piston 46, which is provided with suitable packing 47, which is held in position by the plate 48 and bolt 49. Y

50 designates a spring located in the chamber 45, one end of said spring bearing against the under side of the piston 46, while the lower extremity of said spring contacts with the ring 51, which is secured within the inner lower` portion of the chamber 45 by the screw 52 or other suitable means.

53 designates a rod depending from the piston 46 and carrying the head or plunger 54, which is provided with the punch, buttonset, or other suitable device 55.

The operation is as follows: The piston 29, which is in the present instance of the form of a hollow sphere, is first filled with a suitable liquid, and the parts being assembled substantially as seen in Fig. 1 it will be noted that the extremity of the rod 41 terminates a short distance from the inlet to the passage 33, and consequently when the throttle-valve is turned, so as to form a communication between the chamber 13, the passages 12, 14, and 22 to the atmosphere,the constant iiuidpressure entering at the inlet 1 will force the piston 29 to the right, carrying with it the tail-rod 24 and its adjuncts. The rod 35 being stationary will telescope or be received Within the chambers 32'and 33,where by a powerful and direct pressure will be exerted through the passages 4l and 44 upon the top of the piston 46, whereby the punch 55 will be caused to descend. The throttlevalve 17 is now turned into the position seen in Fig. 1, so that the piston 29, by reason of the pressure upon its larger differential-pressure area, is caused to resume the position seen in Fig. 1 again, and the spring 50 causes the piston 46 and its adjuncts to also move into the position seen in Fig. 1, whereupon the above-described operation can be repeated.

I desire to lay especial emphasis upon the novel construction of the hollow stationary rod 35, terminating a short distance from the inlet to the chamber 32 when the parts are in the position seen in Fig. 1, as it will be seen that by this construction when the piston moves toward the hook 43 a powerful and direct pressure will be immediately exerted upon the riveting or punching device. It will be seen that by utilizing the hollow piston as a reservoir space is economized and the operation of the riveting device is effected in an expeditious and economical manner. The hook 43 may be secured by various means to the cylinder, and while in practice I prefer to secure the stationary rod 35 in position by driving it into the tapered seat 56it will be apparent that the engagement of said rod 35 Awith its hook can be effected by other means.

The piston 29 need not in every instance be of special or globular form, but may be of other shape in cross-section, and, if desired,

other means can be employed for controlling,

the action of the Huid pressure upon the larger differential area of the piston 29.

It will be understood that riveters or punches of the character described herein are frequently held iu other positions than the horizont-al, and it is consequently preferable and in most instances very necessary that the hollow piston 29 be of globular or spherical form, so that when filled with liquid the water-line within the same will always cover the opening or communication between the hollow stationary rod 34 and the tail-rod 24. So far as I am aware I am the first to employ a hollow piston in tools of this character, and my claims to this feature are therefore of corresponding scope. I desire to also emphasize the simplicity of the means employed by me for securing the stationary rod 35 into the head 42 of the hook 43, since it will be apparent that said rod is simply driven into position in its tapered seat, and since the pressure upon the larger or left-hand end of said rod always exceeds .the pressure upon the smaller or right-hand extremity thereof said hollow rod is always held forcibly and snugly against its tapered seat without leakage and without necessitating the employment of extraneous fastening devices.

The post 4 may be cast on the cylinder 9, if desired, and it will be apparent that other changes may be made by those skilled in the art which will come within the scope of my invention, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limit-ed in every instance to the exact construction herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a hollow piston for the reception of said rod, and a tail-rod secured to said piston and having a chamber therein for the reception of said stationary rod, the inlet of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet of said tail-rod, when said tail-rod is in one of its extreme positions.

2. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a hollow piston for the reception of said rod, differential areas on opposite sides of said piston, and a tail-rod secured to said piston and having a chamber therein for the reception of said stationary rod, the inlet of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to said chamber, and being in direct communication with the interior of said hollow piston, when said movable rod is in one of its extreme positions.

3. As an improved article of manufacture, a hollow, spherical piston having an outlet in proximity to the center of the spherical cavity and adapted to contain liquid andv to be moved in opposite directions by iiuidpressure.

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4. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a hollow piston, said stationary rod being in direct communication with the interior of said piston, a movable rod attached to said piston and having a chamber' therein in direct communication with the interior of said piston, the extremity of said stationary rod terminating exterior to said chamber, when said movable rod is in one of its extreme positions, differential pressure areas on opposite sides of said piston and means for directing` duid-pressure upon' said areas.

5. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a movable rod having a chamber therein, a hollow piston carrying said movable rod, the extremity of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to said chamber, and the latter being in direct communication with the interior of said piston, when said piston is in one of its extreme positions, said stationary rod being in direct communication with the interior of the piston, and means for admitting and exhausting fluidpressure to and from opposite sides of said piston.

6. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a movable rod having a chamber therein and a hollow spherical piston carrying said movable rod said chamber being in direct communication with the interior of said piston, the extremity of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to said chamber, when said piston is in one of its extreme positions, and said stationary rod being in direct communication with the interior of the piston, said piston having differential pressure areas, and means for directing fiuidpressure upon said areas.

7. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, astationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punching or riveting device, a movable rod having a chamber therein and a hollow spherical piston carrying said movable rod, said chamber being in direct communication with the interior of said piston and the extremity of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to said chamber when said piston is in one of its extremepositions, and said stationary rod being in direct communication with the interior of said piston, and means for operating said piston in one direction by constant pressure and in the other direction by intermittent pressure.

8. The combination of a cylinder, a hook secured thereto, a stationary rod secured in a tapered seat in said hook and having a passage therethrough, the pressure area on the free end of said rod being greater than the area of the other end thereof, whereby said rod is always held to its seat, and a movable tail-rod detachable from its piston and adapted to coact with said stationary rod.

9. In a riveter or punch the combination of a cylinder, a hollow spherical piston therein and having an outlet in proximity to the center of the spherical cavity, a hollow stationary rod in direct communication with the in. terior of said piston, and a tail-rod movable with said piston, said stationary rod telescoping into said tail-rod.

10. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a hollow stationary rod in direct communication with the interior of said piston, and a tail-rod movable with said piston, said stationary rod telescoping into'said tail-rod, and the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet of said tail-rod, when the latter is in its extreme outer position.

11. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a tailrod detachably secured within said piston and moving in unison therewith, anda stationary rod in direct communication with the interior of said piston and having a passage therethrough and adapted to telescope into said tail-rod, the extremity of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the entrance to said tail-rod, when the latter is in one of its extreme positions.

12. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder having therein a hollow piston adapted to contain a liquid, a tail-rod having a chamber communicating with the interior of said piston and a hollow stationary rod suitably supported within said cylinder, the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to the chamber and within the hollow piston, when said tail-rod is in one of its extreme positions.

13. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder having therein a hollow spherical piston adapted to contain a liquid, a tailrod having a chamber communicating with the interior of said piston and a hollow stationary rod suitably supported within said cylinder, the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet to the chamber and within the hollow piston, when said tail-rod is in one of its extreme positions.

14. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein lled at all times with a suitable iluid, a tail-rod movable in unison with said piston and a stationary rod in direct communication with the interior of said piston, provided with a passage therethrough leading to a riveting device and adapted to coact with said tailrod, the extremity of said 'stationary rod terminating exterior to the entrance to said tailrod, when the latter is in one vof its extreme positions.

l5. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder-head having an extension projecting outwardly therefrom, a tail-rod movable within said extension, a piston to which said tail-rod is secured, and a stationary rod IOC IIO

in direct communication with the interior of said piston and having a passage therethrough leading to a riveting device, said rod being adapted to telescope within said tail-rod, and the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet of said tailrod,when the latter is in its extreme outer position.

16. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a hook, a cylinder to which said hook is secured, a tapered seat carried thereby, a stationary rod secured in said seat and projecting into said cylinder, the pressure area on the free end of said rod being greater than the area on the other end thereof, a holloviT piston in said cylinder always normally filled with a liquid, a chamber in the outer portion of said hook, a piston in said chamber, a passage leading from said stationary rod to a point above said piston, the interior of said hollow piston being in direct communication with the passage in said rod.

17. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a hollow spherical piston adapted to be filled wit-h fluid, a tail-rod moving in unison with said piston and having a chamber therein, a stationary rod having a passage therethrough and in direct communication with said piston, the extremity of said stationary rod being adapted to terminate-exterior to said chamber when the latter is in its extreme outward position, and means for enabling a motive fluid to reciprocate said piston.

l18. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a hook containing a chamber therein, a

piston mounted in said` chamber, packing for the upper side of said piston, a ring secured to the inner portion of said chamber, a spring occupying the space between said ring and the under side of said piston, a rod depending from said piston, a head mounted on the lower extremity of said rod below said ring and means for operating said piston.

19. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a cylinder-head therefor, a hollow piston movable in said cylinder, a tailrod carried by said piston and having a chamber therein, and a stationary rod mounted within said cylinder and in direct communication with said piston, and having a passage therein for conducting pressure to a riveting device, said stationary rod being adapted to telescope within said tail-rod, and the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating eXterior to the inlet of said tail-rod, when the latter is in its extreme outer position.

20. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a cylinder-head therefor, provided with a curved inner wall, a hollow piston movable in said cylinder, a tail-rod carried by said pistou and having a chamber therein, and a stationary rod mounted within said cylinder and in direct communication with said piston, and having a passage therein for conducting pressure to a riveting device, said stationary rod being adapted to telescope within said tail-rod, and the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet of said tail-rod, When the latter is in its eXtreme outer position.

2l. The combination of a cylinder and its head, a valve-support, ports leading from each end of the latter to said cylinder, a rotatable valve mounted on said support, passages leading to and through said support from said head and cylinder, and ports in said valvesupport adapted to coact with a recess and an exhaust-port in said valve.

22. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a hollow piston, a plate therein, packing held against said plate, a packing-nut, a stationary rod having a passage therethrough passing through said nut and packing, a tailrod having a chamber therein secured within said piston and means for directing motive fluid upon the opposite surfaces of said piston.

23. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a throttle-valve support having passages in each end thereof, a partition intermediate said passages, 'a cylinder', a piston therein having differential pressure areas, ports leading from said passages to said areas, a throttle valve consisting of a sleeve rotatably mounted upon said support, a recess in said throttle-valve adapted to cooperate with ports in said valve-support, and an exhaust-port in said throttle-valve.

24. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder, a cylinder-head, posts arising from said head and the opposite extremity of said cylinder, passages in said posts, a valvesupport containing passages therein, a partition intermediate said passages, ports for the latter, and a valve provided with an exhaustport and a recess mounted upon said valvesupport.

25. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a cylinder,.a cylinder-head, having a curved inner contour, posts arising from said head and the opposite extremity of said cylinder, passages in said posts, a valve-support containing passages therein, a partition intermediate said passages, ports for the latter and a valve provided with an exhaust-port and a recess mounted upon said valve-support.

26. As an improved article of manufacture, a hollow spherical piston having an outlet in proximity to the center of the spherical cavity, and adapted to contain liquid and provided with differential pressure areas.

27. The combination of a cy1inder,a piston therein consisting of a hollow spherical shell, adapted to normally always contain a liquid and having an outlet in proximity to the center of the sphericalcavity, a closure for said shell, a riveting or punching device, and means for utilizing the pressure createdby putting said liquid under pressure for operating said device. l

28. The combination of a cylinder, a ta-v pered seat carried thereby, a stationary rod secured in said seat and having a passage therethrough, the pressure area on the free end of said rod being greater than the area ICO IIO

on the other end thereof, whereby said rod is always held to its seat, a riveting device, and means for conducting pressure thereto through the passage in said rod.

29. The combination of a hollow piston, a tail-rod having a chamber therein, the inlet to said chamber being located within said piston,the latter-normally containinga liquid, a hollow stationary rod having its extremity in direct communication with the interior of said piston and terminating exterior to the inlet of the chamber in said tail-rod, when the latter is in its extreme outer position, and means for reciprocating said piston.

30. Thle combination of a cylinder, a hollow spherical piston therein, and having an outlet in proximity to the center' of the spherical cavity, adapted to always normally contain a liquid, a riveting device, a stationary rod adapted to enter said piston and to be in direct communication with the interior thereof, said rod having a passage therethrough leading to said riveting device, and means for directing fluid-pressure from said hollow piston to said riveting device.

3l. The combination of a cylinder, a tapered seat carried thereby, a stationary rod secured in said seat and having a passage therethrough, the pressure area on the free end of said rod being greater than the area of the other end thereof, whereby said rod is always held to its seat, and a movable tailrod adapted to coact with said stationary rod.

In a pneumatic riveter, the combination of a hollow spherical piston adapted to contain a liquid, a riveting device, a passage leading to said riveting device and in direct communication with the interior of said piston, and a tail-rod carried by said piston and having a chamber therein, the extrem- 4o ity of said passage terminating at substantially the center of said piston and exterior to said chamber when said piston is in one of its extreme positions.

33. As an improved article of manufacture, a piston consisting of a hollow shell of spherical form with an outlet in proximity to the center of the spherical cavity, and adapted to contain a liquid, and a closure for said shell.

3i. As an improved article of manufacture, a piston consisting of a shell having a cavity therein, and an outlet in proximity to the center of said cavity, the latter being adapted to contain a liquid.

35. In a punch or riveter, a piston capable of containing liquid and having an outlet in such relation to the contour of the cavity in the piston, that in any position of the riveter, the outlet will remain beneath the surfaces of the liquid in the piston.

36. In a riveter or punch, the combination of a stationary rod having a passage therethrough leading to a punch or riveting device, a hollow piston for the reception of said rod, and a tail-rod secured to said piston and having a chamber therein for the reception of said stationary rod, the inlet end of said stationary rod terminating exterior to the inlet of said chamber and being in direct communication with the interior of said hollow piston when said movable rod is in one of its extreme positions.

SAMUEL S. CASKEY.

Witnesses:

E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKS, FRANK F. SLocoMB.

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