US722200A

US722200A - Railroad-tie.

Info

Publication number: US722200A
Application number: US10652702A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frank Hooker Alfred; Paul Chipman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-05-09
Filing date: 1902-05-09
Publication date: 1903-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 1920-03-10

Description

- No. 722,200. PATENTED lMAB.. 10,` 1903.

I'. H. ALFRED 6u P. GHIPMAN'.

vRAILROAD TIE.

APPLIUATION FILED nu 9, 1902.

EETS-SHIBET 1".-

VW/ TNE SSE S A TTOHNE Y No. 722,200. PATBNTBII MAR. 10, 1003. P. II. ALFRED 0 P. CHI-PMAN.

`RAILROAD TIE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 9. 1000.

NO MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

" i Y I A Tron/ve ys.

man Simms .-1 OFFICE.

FRANK HOOKER ALFRED AND PAUL CHIPMAN, 0F SAGINAW, MICHIGAN.

RAILROAD-weft@ SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 722,200, dated March 10, 1903.

Application iiled May 9, 1902. Serial No. 106,527. (N0 model.)

To a/ZZ wiz/0m t may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK HOOKER AL- FRED and PAUL CHIPMAN, citizens of thel United States, and residents ot' Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Railroad- Tie, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved railroad-tie which is simple and durable in construction, cheap to manufacture, designed as a substitute for the wooden and all-metallic ties now in use, and arranged to combine concrete with metal to produce a tie in such a manner that the tensile strains on the tie are mostly borne by the metal,while the compressive strains are taken up by the concrete to secure the greatest strength.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specitication, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the tie, showing the rails in place. Fig. 2 is a plan view ot the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the saine on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is an enlarged cross-section of the same on the line et 4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the same on the line 5 5 of Fig. et. Fig. 6 is au enlarged plan View of the fastening-plate and bolt for fastening the rail in place on the tie. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a modified form of the tie. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the same on the line S 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a similar View of the same on the line 9 9 of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement partly in elevation and showing a modified form of the fastening device for holding the rail in place on the tie. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the middle portion of a tie of modified form. Fig. 12 is a transverse section of the saine on the line 12 12 of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another modified form of the improvement; and Fig. 14 is a sectional side elevation ot' another modified form of the improvement.

The railroad-tie consists, essentially, of a body A, made of concrete, and a metallic reinforce, preferably in the shape ot' one or more bars B B, embedded lengthwise in the concrete body A, as plainly illustrated in the drawings. The concrete body A consists of a base A and a web A2, preferably arched at the middle top portion, as plainly indicated in Fig. 1, and the bottom of the base A is formed with recesses A3 for receiving part of the ballast of the road-bed, so as to prevent shifting of the tie on the bed. The web A2 is provided with tapering sides, as plainly indicatedlin Fig. 3, and with bearing portions A'L near the ends of the body, the said bearing portions being flush ou the sides With the sides of the base, (see Fig. 4,) and overthe bearing portions extend the rails C, between the bases of which and the bearing portions A4 are interposed cushions in the form of wooden blocks D and tie-plates DQ made of metal, each ot' the said cushions being set in a recess A5, formed in the top of the bearing portion A4.

In order to fasten the rails in position on the cushions to hold the latter against Inovement on the bearing portions A4, We provide fastening-plates E, resting on top of the tieplates D and extending over the top portions of the bases of the rails C, each fasteningplate E being engaged by the head of a bolt F, extending downward through the fastening-plateE, the tie-plate D', the wooden block D, and through a stirrup G, embedded in the concrete material forming the bearing portion A, as Will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 11 and 5, access being had to the stirrup for placing the nut of the bolt in position by a suitable opening A, formed in the concrete material and extending to one side of the bearing portion. (See Fig. 4E.)

The head of each bolt F extends with its lower portion into a pentagonal recess E, formed in the top of the corresponding fastening-plate E, and in a corner of this recess E is fitted a lock-plate H in the shape of an equilateral triangle, the sides of which correspond to adjacent sides of the recess E', the base of the triangle abutting against one side of the square head of the bolt F, so as to pren vent the latter from turning after the locking-plate H is introduced in one of the corners of the recess E. (See Fig. 6.) It is understood that the nut in the opening A and engaging the stirrup Gr is prevented from turning by fitting against the sides of the stirrup, so that when the bolt F is rmly screwed into place and the locking-plate H is inserted as described then the bolt cannot jar loose, and consequently the several partsthat is, the fastening-plate E and the cushion D-are securely held in place to hold the rails C in position on the cushions and the latter in position on the bearing portions A4.

It is understood that by the peculiar arrangement ot' the recess E', the head of the bolt F, and the locking-plate H the bolt can be securely locked in the position it is in when screwed up, as the locking-plate H can be inserted into that corner of the recess E having a side of the bolt-head in corresponding position to the corner.

As indicated in Figs. l, 2, 3, 4, and 5, we employ two long bars B and a'short bar B as the metallic reinforce for the concrete body A, and the said long bars B are arched at the middle and are spaced apart and extend with their ends under and beyond the bearing portions Al, so that the tensile strains to whichl the tie is subjected are mostly taken up by the metal reinforce, while the compression strains are mostly borne'by the'concrete body A. We do not, however, limit ourselves to the peculiar arrangement of the metallic reinforce, as a single bar B2 may, for instance, be employed, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, and made in the shape of a fiat bar arched at the middle portion and then given a quarter-twist, so that the end portions of the flat bar extend vertically through the bearing Y portions A4 and into the ends of the body, as

plainly indicated in Fig. 7.

The base A of the concrete body A may be varied and provided, for instance, with a downwardlyextended portion A7 at or near the middle thereof, as plainly indicated in Figs. l1 and l2, to decrease the bearingsurface under the middle of the tie to pre- Vent what is known as center binding of the track. The portion A7 engages the ballast of the road-bed to prevent shifting of the tie in any direction.

The fastening device for holding a rail C to a cushion may also be varied. For instance, as shown in Fig. lO, ordinary rail-spikes I are employed, engaging with their heads the rail-base and being driven through apertures in the tie-plate D' and wooden blockD down into wooden plugs J, enlarged at their lower or base ends and embedded in the concrete material of which the bearing portion A4 is formed. Thus when a cushion is in position on a bearing portion A4 and a rail is placed on the said cushion then the rail can be spiked down onto the cushion by driving the spikes I through the plate D and block D into the plugs J.

The wooden plug J, being largest at the bottom, prevents pulling out of the plug from the concrete material. When it becomes necessary to remove a plug J and replace it by a new one, then a cylindrical plug J of Wood is employed and split at one end to rel material to hold the plate K in position.

The heads of the bolts F abut against tl1e' under side of the plate K and extend in recesses formed in the top surface of the concrete tie-body, as shown in Fig. 13.

It is understood that the concrete body of the tie is molded in a suitable mold with the metallic reinforce held in position therein, so as to be lengthwise embedded in the concrete body A.

The term concrete is understood to mean a mixture consisting of an aggregate of stone, gravel, sand, or other hard material embedded in a matrix, the cementing element of which is cement, lime, or other cohesive substance.

I-Iaving thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete bodyhaving bearing portions near the ends, a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete body, and cushions interposed between the rails and the said bearing portions, the said cushions comprising a metallic tie-plate and a wooden block superimposed one on the other, as set forth.

2. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete body having bearing portions near the ends, a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete body, and cushions interposed between the rails and the said bearing portions, the said cushions comprising a metallic tie-plate and a wooden block superimposed one on the other and set in a recess formed in the concrete body at the bearing portions, as set forth.

3. A railroadtie, comprising a concrete body having bearing portions near the ends, a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete body, cushions interposed between the rails and the said bearing portions, the said cushions comprisinga metallic tieplate and a wooden block superimposed one on the other, and a rail-fastening means for holding the rail in position on the corresponding cushion and the latter in position on the corresponding bearing portion, as set forth.

4. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete IOO IIO

body having bearing portions near the ends,`

a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete, an attaching device embedded in the concrete body at the bearing portion, a cushion held on the bearing portion for supporting the rail, the said cushion being located above the embedded attaching device, and a fastening device for holding the rail to the said cushion, the fastening device extending through the cushion and engaging the said embedded attaching device, as set forth.

5. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete body having bearing portions near the ends, a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete, an attaching device embedded in the concrete body at the bearing portion, a cushion held on the bearing portion for supporting the rail, and a fastening device for holding the rail to the said cushion,the fastening device engaging the said embedded attaching device, the latter being in the form of a stirrup, to which lead openings formed transversely in the concrete body, as set forth.

6. A railroad -tie, comprising a concrete body having a base, Jtapering sides, bearing portions near the ends for tbe rails, and longitudinally-extending recesses formed in the under side of the said base, as set forth.

7. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete body having a base, tapering sides, bearing portions near the ends for the rails, longitudinally-extending recesses formed in the under side of the said base, and a downwardlyextending integral portion at the middle of 3 5 the base, as set forth.

8. A railroad -tie, comprising a concrete CD n) body having bearing portions for the rails, a metallic reinforce for the same embedded lengthwise in the concrete body, an attaching device embedded in the concrete body at the bearing portion, a cushion held on the bearing portion forsupporting the rail,fasten ing-plates engaging the bases of the rails, and fastening devices extending through the fastening-plates and the said cushion and engaging the embedded attaching device, as set forth.

9. A railroad-tie, comprising a concrete body having bearing portions near the ends, a metallic reinforce embedded lengthwise in the concrete body, an attaching device embedded in the concrete body at the bearing portions, the said concrete body being provided with openings leading to the said embedded attaching device, a cushion held on the bearing portion for supporting the rail and comprising a metallic tie-plate and a wooden block superimposed one above the other, the said cushion being located above the embedded attaching device, and a fastening device for holding the rail to the cushion, the said fastening device extending through the parts of the cushion and engaging the embedded attaching device, as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK HOOKER ALFRED. PAUL CHIPMAN. Witnesses:

A. R. Dnwnns, H. A. CAssIL.