US717977A - Pumping apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JAN. 6, 1903.

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F. J. DONOUGHB. PUMPING APPARATUS.

AIPLIATION FILED MAR. 17, 1902.

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PATBNTED JAN. 6, 1903.

F. J. DONOUGHE. PUMPING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED ma. 11. 1902.

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10.717,977. PATENTBDJAN.6,1903.

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PUMPING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 17, 1902.

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FRANCIS J. DONOUGHE, OF GALLITZIN, PENNSYLVANIA.-

PUMPING APPARATUS.

'EPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 717,977, dated. January 6, IQS;

Application filed March 17,1902. Serial No. 98,599. (No model.) I

To all w/wm it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANCIS J. DoNoUGHE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gallitzin, in the county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Pumping Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of myinvention to provide an improved apparatus for pumping various liquids and also gases, more especially to force oil to heavy bearings or to raise water or pump air for use in air-compressors. rPhe chief operating agent is a cam-Wheel which i acts upon devices connected with reciprocatating the valve.

ing pistons working in cylinders, whereby the liquid or fluid is taken in and ejected alternately. In connection with such apparatus I employ a rotary valve of peculiar construction, as hereinafter set forth.

The details of construction, arrangement, and operation are as follows, reference being had to accompanying drawings, inwhich` Figure 1 is a side view of my improved pumping apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of one side of the apparatus, the line of section being through the rotary valve and connecting mechanism. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of my improved rotary valve. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the valve on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the pumping apparatus. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a tappet and clutch-arm employed for rotating the valve. Fig. '7 is a perspective view of one of the slides or travelers which is directly connected with the cam-wheel proper and also with one of the reciprocating pistons. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectiou of the body or frame of the cam-Wheel proper. Fig. 9 is a detail side View representing a modification in the wiper and tappet mechanism for oper- Fig. 10 is a side View representing another modification of the means for operating the valve.

In Figs. l, 2, and 5, A indicates a horizontal base or platform upon which the working parts-fixed and movable--of the pumping apparatus are arranged and supported. The

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said spokes 1 are connected with an annular rim B', which is arranged directly above the cam-wheel proper', B, and rigidly connected therewith by means of posts and tie-rods 4. (See Fig. 1.) The said rim B has the same diameter as the cam-wheel proper, B, and isprovided on its exterior with a worm-thread 5, which engages a worm 6, (see Fig. 5,) forming an attachment of a rotatable horizontal shaft 7. The said shaft is journaled in vertical brackets or posts 8 and provided at one end with a concave Worm-wheel 9, to which rotation is imparted by means of a Worm-shaft 10, arranged vertically. (See Fig. l.) The said worin-shaft 10 is journaled in one of the standards or brackets 8 and provided with a bandpulley 1l. It is obvious that through the medium of such pulley and the shaft 10, the

Worm-gear 9, and shaft 6 slow rotation will be imparted to the cam-Wheel B and its at' tached rim B. I desire it to be understood, however, that I do not restrict myself to this particular means for imparting rotation to the cam-wheel B, but propose to employ any other means which judgment or experience may suggest. The cam-wheel B is parallel-sided (see Figs. 2 and 8) and provided on its outer and inner sides with cam-grooves 12 and 13, respectively-that is to say, the exterior groove 12 is continuous and extends from a high point on saidv rim to a lower point, the inclination being gradual, as shown in Fig. 1. The inner groove 13 is also inclined from a high point to a lower point on the opposite side of the Wheel B. It will be noted, however, that the highest point of the outer groove l2 is on the same side ofthe Wheel with the lowest point of the inner groove, and, vice versa, the highest point of the inner groove is on the same side of the wheel B as the lowest point of the outer groove. As shown in Fig. 2, blocks 14 and 15 are adapted to Workthat is, to slide-iu the respective grooves 12 and 13. These blocks are held in vertical guides 16 and 17, in which they are also adapted to slide for the purpose of imparting reciprocating motion to the pistons 1S and 19,which are connected with said blocks through the medium of rods 2O and 21. In further explanation of this part of the apparatus I will state that each of the traveling or sliding blocks 14 and 15 (see Fig. 7) is provided on roo that bears against the casing 25.

its inner face With a dovetail rib 22, which extends horizontally and is adapted to slide in the corresponding groove in the rim B of the cam-Wheel. 1t is apparent by this construction and combination of parts that the blocks 14 and 15 are held to their place--that is to say, engaged with the rim B of the camwheel as the latter rotates. The said blocks are pivotally connected with blocks 14a and 15, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) which are arranged in the guides or vertical channel portions of the standards 16 and 17. The latter are forked, as shown in Fig. 1, and securely bolted to the base A It is apparent that as the rim B is rotated the blocks 14 and 15 will be carried up and down simultaneously, but alternately-that is to say, one descending as the other ascends, and vice versa-and that they will be prevented from moving around with the rim by means of the fixed guides 16 and 17. In brief, they have a simple reciprocating movement in parallel vertical planes in consequence of the action of the cam -wheel thereon. The rods 2O and 21 of the pistons 18 and 19 may be connected with the blocks 14 and 15 in any preferred manner; but in this instance I show them with enlarged heads 20 and 21, fitted loosely in funnel-shaped openings in the blocks, the latter being also provided with caps for holding the heads in place. By this means the piston-rods maintain a vertical position while being reciprocated and the blocks 14 and 15 are allowed a slight rocking play incident to their travel in the cam-grooves 12 and 13. The pistons 13 and 19 reciprocate in cylinders 23 and 24, which are duly xed in position upon a cylindrical valve-casing 25. The latter is fixed in position upon the base A by any suitable means. It is provided with a tapered bore, and the tapered valve 26 (see Figs. 2 and 3) is fitted therein in such manner as to rotate freely. The valve and valve-casing might be made cylindrical `so far as the operation of the two is concerned; but the tapered form enables the valve to be held constantly to its seat, and wear is compensated for through the medium of the following mechanism: As shown in Figs. 2 and 5, a screw-plug 27 is inserted in the smaller end of the rotary valve 26 and a spiral spring 21 is interposed between the lianged head of such screw and an annular cap-plate 29, which is provided with an offset It is apparent that the expansion of the spring 28 between the flanged head of the screw 27 and the cap or washer 29 tends to draw the valve 26 into the tapered bore of the casing 25. The tension of the spring 28 also serves to hold the valve 26 in such frictional contact with the casing as to prevent accidental rotation, or, in other words, to prevent rotation 'save by the positive operation of mechanism hereinafter described. The valve 26 is chambered at each end, as indicated at 30 and 31, the two chambers being separated by hier? a transverse web or diaphragm, as shown. Each of said chambers has diametrically opposite inlet and discharge openings 32 and 33, respectively. (See Figs. 3 and 4.) 1t will be apparent that in the intermittent rotation of the valve hereinafter described the passages 32 register with the cylinder 23 and discharge-opening 32 in the casing 25, while the passages 33 similarly register with the piston-cylinder 24 and the discharge-opening 33=L in the casing. The discharge-openings 32L and 33a extend also through the base A and communicate with pipes intended for conducting to any desired point oil, water, or other liquid or air, as the case may be. It will be further seen by reference to Figs. 2, 3, and 4 that the valve is provided with opposite shallow recesses or grooves 34 and 35-that is to say, two such grooves 34 are located diametrically opposite and in the spaces intermediate the openings 32 in the valve, while the grooves 35 are similarly located with reference to the openings 33. 1t will be further seen that since the axes of the openings 32 and 33 are at right angles to each other the grooves 34 and 35 are ninety.

degrees apart on the circumference of the valve. In other words, to use a common phrase, the openings are quartering to each other and the grooves have a similar relation to each other. By observation of Fig. 2 it will be noted that the valve-casing 25 has an opening 36 adjacent to the opening 32 in its upper side and that when the valve is in the position there shown one of the grooves 34 is directly beneath said openings 32 and 36, and therefore forms a means of communication between them. It will therefore be seen that in such position of the valve a liquid or fluid is free to pass into and out of the piston-cylinder 23. Therefore it' the piston 18 ascends any liquid in which the apparatus may be submerged will flow into the cylinder 23 through the communicating passages 36 and 34, and, contrariwise, when the piston 18 descends such liquid will be forced out of the cylinder 23. It will be understood that the grooves 35 in the valve have a similar relation to the piston-cylinder 24 and a passage 36a, formed in the inner end of the valve-casing 25, so that as the piston 19 is reciprocated a liquid or duid will be drawn into the cylinder through the passages 36"L and 35. The valve 26 is rotated a quarter of a revolution at each half-revolution of the cam-wheel B by means that will be presently described. Therefore in view of the arrangement of the openings and grooves in the valve and the openings in the valve-casing when one piston-say 18--is taking in a liquid or gas the other piston 19 is ejecting the same from the cylinder 24, and in the position in which the valve is shown in Fig. 2 the liquid or gas thus ejected will pass directly through the valvethat is to say, through the passages 33, the chamber 3l, and into the passages or ejectors 33a, through which it will be conveyed to the IOO IIO

grooves and openings in the valve will be practically reversed, so that the liquid or gas will be taken into the cylinder 24 and ejected froln the cylinder 23, since the passages 32, that communicate with the chamber 30 ofthe valve, will then be in communication with the cylinder 23 and the discharge-passages 32a, while the cylinder 24 will be in communication with the opening36a through the medium of one of the grooves 35. In brief, whenever one of the piston-cylinders is taking in a liquid or gas there is a free discharge provided from the other cylinder 24 directly through the valve, and this relation alternates with each shifting of the position of the valve. The mechanism for shifting the valve is as follows: The head of the valve (see Fig. 3) is provided with a ratchet-clutch 37, which corresponds to a ratchetclutch 38, (see Fig. 6,) formed on the sleeve ot' a lever 39,having a tappet 40 atits outer end. The sleeve of such lever enoircles a stem 41, (see Fig. 3,) projecting from the head of the valve, and the ratchet-clutches are heldin due engagement by means of a spring 42, (see Fig. 2,) which encircles the stem of the valve between its flanged head 4lfL and the clutch sleeve 38. (See also Fig. 5.) The clutch -lever 39 is held normally in the inclined position (shown in Fig. 1) by means `of a spring 43, which in this instance has a spiral form and is attached to a bracket 44, xed on the bed A. I propose to employ for this purpose any suitable form of spring. The lever 39 is supported upon a bracket 45, with its tappet 40 in due position for engagement with a wiper 46, which is pendent from the worm-rim B. The wiper 46 is practically merely a pendent arm so arranged to engage the tappet 40 when the cam-wheel is rotated, and by such means the lever 39 is thrown slowly over from right to left, (see Figs. l and 5,) the valve 26 meanwhile remaining stationary` and when the said lever has been thrown over at an angle of about ninety degrees on the left-hand side it is free from the wiper 46 and rotates backward to its normal position with great velocity, carrying with it or rotating the valve 26 a quarter of a revolution. In further explanation of this movement I will state that when during the retracting movement ot the lever,

as will be readily understood. Therefore while the lever is thrown slowly over to the left its backward movement is practically instantaneous and the rot-ary movement of the Valve is necessarily the same. I propose in practice to employ and arrange any desired number of valves and connecting mechanism on the bed A and to provide the cam-wheel with two or more wipers 46 for operating such valves. In case the apparatus is submerged in oil or water these fluids will have free access to the valve-casing through the openings 36 and 361; but in case the apparatus is not submerged thenI propose to arrange suitable pipes for conducting such liquids to the said openings 36 and 36a, and it will be obvious that such pipes may extend to sources of supply more or less distant. I have indicated in Fig. 1 by dotted lines au arrangement of such a pipe at To briey recapitulate the operation of the apparatus: The cam-wheel B being rotated by any preferred mechanism or by that shown and described, the wiper 4G comes in contact with the tappet 40 of the clutch-lever 39 and carries it over to the left, and then releasing it the spring 43 instantly throws the lever back to its place and at the same time shifts the valve a quarter of the revolution. The pistons 18 and 19 are at the same time reciprocated in opposite directions, and this movement is alternated by reason of the opposite relation of positions of the cam-grooves 12 and 13 in the cam-wheel B and the consequent vertical reciprocation of the blocks 14 and l5 in the vertical guides 16 and 17. Thus the valve is rotated intermittently a quarter of the revolution at each contact with the wipers and tappets, and with such `shifting movement the inlet alternates from the openings 36 to 36 in the valve-casing andthe discharge through the chambers 30 and 3l of the valve `also alternates in the same manner.

I will now describe modifications. In Fig. 9 I show a valve provided with four lugs 47, constituting tappets, and a wiper 48, pendent from the wheel-rim B' and adapted to engage at its lower end with the said tappets. It is apparent from this arrangement that the valve will be rotated one-quarter of a revolution at each engagement and passage ofthe wiper 48. InV Fig. 10 I show a valve similarly provided with tappets 47 and engaging IOO IIO

with a wiper 49, forming an attachment of a l circular rim which is pendent from the camwheel B. figure represents merely a section of the camwheel and the rim 50.

In another application filed, Serial No. 93,885, I have shown, described, and claimed the cam-wheel herein shown and also reciprocating pistons connected therewith, and hence I do not claim, broadly, such construction and `combination of parts in this application.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a rotatable cam-wheel, a valve-casing fixed below the rim of said wheel and provided with adjacent inlet and outlet ports,a rotatable valve arranged in said casing and havinga peripheral groove adapted ,when the valve is in due position, to place the inlet It will be understood that this and outlet ports in communication, a cylinder attached to the casing and projecting upward toward the cam-wheel, a piston in said cylinder, a rod attached thereto and connecting with a groove in the camwheel arm, valve mechanism operatively connecting the cam-wheel and valve, and a device connected with the cam-wheel for rotating the valve, substantially as described.

2. ln an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a rotatable cam-wheel having continuous grooves in opposite sides of its vertical rim, the grooves being arranged reversely as described, a valve-casing fixed be low the wheel, two cylinders attached to the upper side of the valve-casing and communicating with the ports thereof, pistons arranged in the respective cylinders and having rods extending upward and connecting with the grooves on opposite sides of the camwheel rim, a rotatable valve arranged in the said casing, and means for operatively connecting the cam-wheel with said valve, as shown and described.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a rotatable cam-wheel having continuous grooves in opposite sides of' its rim, the grooves being arranged reversely so that the highest point of one is on the same side of the wheel with the lowest point of the other, of blocks adapted to slide vertically in suitable guides, and to engage said grooves on opposite sides of the rim, pistons connected with said blocks, and piston-chambers and a valve-casing rigidly connected, the latter being provided with inlet-ports adjacent to those which communicate with the piston chambers, a rotatable valve arranged in said casing and provided with two chambers, each of which has opposite openings which alternately serve for inlet and discharge, and two grooves which are located quartering to said openings upon the periphery of the valve, and means for imparting rotation to the valve, said means being operatively connected with the cam-wheel,s`ubstantially as shown and described.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination, with a rotatable cam-wheel, of a rotatable Valve, means for rotating the same which are operatively connected with the cam-wheel, a Valve-casing provided with two openings on opposite sides of the casing which serve alternately forinlet and discharge and two other openings arranged on the upper side ot the casing adjacent to the inlet and discharge, the valve having two independent chambers provided with opposite openings in the periphery, also with grooves arranged quarter-ing to said openings and eX- tending lengthwise of the valve at diametrically opposite points, whereby when the Valve is in a certain position such grooves serve to connect two of the openings in the upper side of the valve-casing, piston-cylinders communicating with two ot' the openings of the Valve-casing on the upper side, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, and rods connecting said pistons with attachments of the cam-wheel, substantially as shown and described.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination, with a cam-wheel, pistons reciprocated thereby, xed piston-cylinders, and avalve-casinghavinginlet and discharge openings as specified, of a rotary Valve having chambers, peripheral openings leading into the same and arranged quartering on the periphery of the valve, lengthwise grooves arranged quai-tering from each of the openings and adapted to communicate with openings leading to the piston-cylinders, a halfclutch formed on the valve, a rotatable and slidable sleeve-clutch arranged on the stem of the valve and adapted to engage the firstnamed clutch,aspring for holding the clutches normally engaged, a tappet-arm rigidly connected with the sleeve-clutch, a wiper attached to the wheel and adapted to engage the tappet-arm, andv a spring for reti-acting the said tappet-arm after disengagement from the wiper, substantially as shown and described.

6. In an apparatus ot the class described, the combination with a cam-wheel, and a valve-casing having a tapered bore and inlet and discharge openings as specified, also piston-chambers connected with the valve-casing, and pistons working therein and operatively connected with the cam-wheel, ot' the rotary valve which is tapered correspondingly to the bore of the casing, a screw, a washer, and the spring connected with the smaller end of the valve, whereby the latter is held to its seat with a due degree of friction, a ratchet-clutch formed on the opposite or larger end of the Valve, a ratchet sleeve adapted to rotate and slide on the valve-stem arranged coincidently with the valve-clutch, a spiral springencircling said stem and holding the sleeve duly engaged with the valveclutch, and a tappet and wiper mechanism for rotating the sleeve-clutch in the manner described.

7. The combination, with a Valve-casing, having inlet and discharge openings, of arotary valve having two chambers, and diagonally opposite peripheral grooves for inlet of fiuid, and two other passagesfor discharge of fluid, and means for taking in and discharging fiuid through said grooves and openings, as specified.

FRANCIS J. DONOUGHE.

Witnesses:

AMos W. HART, SoLoN C. KEMON.

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