US717770A - Wireless signaling system. - Google Patents

Description

No. 717,770. I H. SHOEMAKBR.

v WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

3 MODEL. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 16, 1902.

l Vi masses W110 4W PATENTED'J'AN. 6, 190g,

PATENTED JAN. 6, 1903.

H. SHOEMAKEB. WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

' APPLICATION I'ILBD JUNE 16, 190.2.

NO'MODEL.

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HARRY SHOEMAKER, or. PHILADELPHIA, rnxns'vtvnnm, AssIeNonF'ro.

MARIE V. GEHltlNG nn THE CONSOLlDA'lEl) WIRELESS 'I'ELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

wlustsssgs gnAt'im-e.sYs'rEML sInacrtnouarroriforming-part of Least Patent no. 717,776, dated Januar e, .1903. I

I Applicatiomfilcdjl'uue 16,1902. Serial No. 111.819. (No model.)

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be'it known-that L'HARRY Snonrmunn, a." citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in. the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful \Vireless Signaling System, of which the following is a specification. i

Myinvention relates to electricalsignaling, more particularly those systems in which electroradiant'energy isemployed and controlled to represent messages to be transmitted, Such systems require no metallic or artificial conductors to extend between the transmitin'g and receiving stations, energy representing .nressages to be sent being transmitted through of which leads a conductor 14 to one terminal the natural media.

My system comprises a system of wireless signaling whereby messages may be simultaneously sent or received without interference with each other. It comprises means for alternately impressing; upon the natural media from acommon or single radiating-conductor "*amounts of energy representing the signals .to be sent and also means for receiving from a single receiving-conductor the energies representing a plurality of signals and selecting such energies 'to the proper receiving devices. By this means asingle aerial conductor or other radiating-circuit is required, and in somecases the installing of such aerial coudu'ctor'is'a matter of great expense, and therefore using the same fora plurality of mes sages instead of a single message at atime results in an economy.

Reference is tobe had to the acoompanyin drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits at a station, showing both the transmit tor and receiver. Fig. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of the controlling apparatus 1 "of thetransmitter. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. p

A is the aerial conductor of a-wireless sig: naling system, which is used both for the transmission and reception of signals. At its lower endit connects with the switch-arm B,

whose lower end. is adapted to engage with. either of the contacts 1 or 2. When switcharm B isin engagement with 1, the station is beingopcrated as a-transmitting-statiou, in which case conductor Sconnects at 4 with the knobs 5 and (i; 'The knobs or spheres 7 and 8 form with said knobs (rand 6, respectively, spark-gaps SS, and said knobs 7 and 6 connect to earth-plates E E.

9 is the secondary of a transformer or induction-coil whose terminals connect to the knobs 5 and 7, respectively. 10 is the primary of the same induction-coil or transformer. 11 the secondaryof the induction-coil or transformer, whose terminals connect, respectively, to the knobs 6 and 8, and for which 12 operates as the primary winding.

13 is a source of energy from one terminal of primary 10 and from whose remaining terminal the conductor 15 leads to the contact 16 of an interrupter whose second contact is on the reciprocating bar 17. From said reciprocating bar 17 the conductor 18 leads to the remaining terminal of the source of en- The electromagnets 23ers in a clrcuit with the source of energy 24 and an operators key 4 25. When said key 25 'is depressed, the magnets 23 are energized and attract armature 26, thereby tilting contact 16, so that it shall come into the path of the reciprocating contact '17, and thereby cause an interrupted current to flow through the primary 10, causing the 'usual sparking at S, with the consequent charging of the aerial conductor A,

which charge then oscillates across the gap S, and in so doiugjradiates energy of high frequency.

. 27 represents electromagnetism circuit with source of energy 28 and an operators key 29.

When said key 29 is depresseithe magnets 27 are energized, causing then an attraction and driven by synchronous motor M. The

disks 31 areurged toward each other by leafsprings, hereinafter to be described.

34 and 35 are slip-rings upon which bear brushes in connection with'the conductors 36 and 37.

The field-winding of the synchronous motor M is of the usual ty pe--namely, separately excited by continuous current. The rotation of the shaft 33 as drivenhy the armature of the motor M causes the eccentric 32 to move the reciprocating contacts 17 and 22 in opposition to the leaf-spriuga'which urge them toward each other. While contact 17 is in position to eausecurrent to flow through the primary the contact 22 has been moved to theleft, due to the leaf-springs, so that no contact can be made with 21 and no current can then flow through primary 12. In other words, the contact is made intermittently and alternately by 17 and 22, resulting, therefore, in alternate trains of sparks at S and S. amounts to saying that key 25 alternates with key 29 in controlling alternate trains of sparks at spark-gaps S and S and in consequence alternate trains of electrical radiations from the aerial conductor A.

38 and 39 are condensers shunted across-the breaks 16 17 and 21 22, respectively.

W is a weight which through cord i0 exone a force on the drum 4i and through an intermediate train of gearing -i2 drives the copper disk 43 and also the shaft upon which itis mounted. Said shaft carriesin addition commutators X Y Z. The weight W then causes the rotation of said cop'perdisk 43 and the three commutators ata very uniform rate, and such rate can be adjusted with a nicety by means of the screw 44, which moves backward .or' forward the horseshoe-magnets 45, between the limbs of which is rotating the copper wheel .3. By change in the position of permanent magnets 45 more or less energy is wasted by electrodynnmic action in disk 43, therefore retarding more or less the speed of the shaft carrying the three commutators X Y Z.

Erom source of energy 13, which is generally a storage battery, lead the two con'd u'ctors 46 and 47 to the brushes 48 and 4-9, respectively. The brushes48 and 49 bear upon two slip-rings, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, and

connections extend from such slip-rings to segments 5O 51. These segments occupy approximately half of the surface of the commntator X. At opposite ends of the diameter and bearing upon said segments 50 51 are This the brushes 58 59.

ductor A and the earth-plate E, "the same period of time waveresponsive the brushes 52-53. From thesebrushes 52 53 extend the conductors 36 47, furnishing current to the armature of the synchronous'motor M. The eifectoi' commutatorX, it is readily seen, is to commutate the current delivered from source of energy 13 into alterhating impulses of current of a-frequency d6- pendent upon the speed of rotation of said commutator X. One complete revolution of said commutator transmits, therefore, to the armature of the motor M one positive impulse and one negative impulse, (so styled.) The speed of the shaft 33 will therefore, since M is a synchronous motor, be accurately regulated by the magnets 45 and the copper disk 43, as driven by the weight W. -In other words, the rotation of the commutators X Y Z bears a perfectly definite-relation to the speed. of rotation of the armature M, and therefore of the interrupters whose contacts are 16 17 and 21 22, respectively.

Across every break at comm utatorX is connected electrolytic cells,'four of which are shown at 5st. The purpose of these is to eliminate the sparking as much as possible to prevent'any undesired effects upon the wave-responsive devices near at hand.

Commutator Y comprises a slip-ring upon 5 which bears a brush 55 in connection with contact 2. Such slip-ring is in electrical con nection with segments 56 57, upon which bear Comm utator Z comprises aslip-ring which bears the brush 60, which :00 is in connection through conductor 61 with earth-plate E. The slip-ring is in electrical communication with the segments 62 63, upon which bear the brushes 6-1 65. These segments 56 57 of commutator, Y occupy, as shown, approximately one-quarter of the circu inference of said comm utator,and segments 62 63 occupy approximately one half the circumference of the commutator .Z. The

brushes 58 59 bear upon the commutator Y no. at points very closcly'nine'ty degrees apart, and the same is true of brushes 64 65 in rela tion to commutator Z. Supposing X Y Z to be rotating in a counter-clockwise direction,

it is seen that brush '58 is just coming into contact with segment 56, and in the position ofthe switch B, as shown, brush 64 is just coming into communication with segment 63 on commutator Z. In other words, brush 6% is just coming into communication with/the 12c earth-plate E. At the same instantbrushes 59 and 65 have just made contact with segments 57 and 62, respectively. For one-quarter of a revolution of the commutators brushes 58 and 64 are therefore in engagement with segments 56 and 63, respectively, and in con sequence for such periods oftime wave-responsive device 66, such as coherer oranticoherer, is in circuit between the aerial'con and during device 67 is ent rely isolated, because the brushes 59 and 65 are b othrbearing on the insulating material forming the body of the commutators Y Z. In shunt to the wateresponsive device 66 is the relay 68 and source of energy 69, the latter being connected between the ccilsof said relay, such coils act- 7 ing then as the usual choke-coils. The tongue responsive device 66 is entirely out out of circuit, while wave-responsive, device 67 is cut into circuit. It isthus seen that the waveresponsive devices and their associated recording apparatus are alternately and for equal periods of time-incommunication with the aerial conductor A.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, 72 is a metallic base upon which is mounted the'standard'73, carrying at its top the semicircularfermed member 74, having the transversely extending bearing 75 and the longitudinal extending bearings 76 and 77. Insaid bearing 75 is inclosed the shaft 33, carrying the ecceu-. tric 32,- and in'said bearings 76 and 77 reciprocate-the ' rods 17 and 22, respectively. The leaf-springs heretofore mentioned are shown at 78 and.'79, the latter shown in Fig. 2 as having pressed the reciprocating rod 1-7 to the extreme right, while spring 78- is shown as having been opposed to the rod-22, due to'the action of eccentric 32. Contacts 16 and 21 are mounted on the leaf-springs carried by rocking members 80 and 81,- respectively, which in turn are operated by armatures 26 and 30, respectively, under the influence of ' magnets 23 and 27, as heretofore described.

Said members 80-and 81 are mounted on rockshafts 82 and 83, respectively, havinghorizontal hearings on vertical standards 84'and 85, respectively. Insulated material. 86 87 form the remaining metallic'parts ofthe dvice. Conductor 18 is connected. tothe base 72 or the standard 73 at will, while conductors 15 and 26 are connected to standards 84 and 85, respectively. 88 89 are adjustable spiral springs whichmtract members-8O and 81, in so doing moving contacts 16'and 21, due to the reciprocating members 17 and 22, respectively. At 90 91 are shownadjustable screws for moving-magnets 23 andcciendflrd 84 and magnets 27 and 85, respectively, in'aT- longitudinal direction along the base of '72 for .the purpose of determining the duration of contact between purposes.

16 17 I and 21 22 and for other The apparatus shown in Figs. 2 and dis practically a duplicate of the apparatus shown and described in my PatentNo. 710,373, granted to me September 30,- 1902.

The apparatus and circuitsnheretofore described are present at each of the stations of tho system, andqthe shafts upon which com mutators X Y Z'a' re mounted at each of said.

stations rotate synchronously, such synchronous motion being obtained by regulating. means as described by mein application, Serial No. 104,614, filed April 25,1902, v hereby the several brushes ar'e'at the same instant with respeettothe several segments of the several .commutateln, or having the several brushes mounted upon yokes cfpable of an gular'adjustment and with the shafts runbe made oi such'brushes as to their angular positions, so as to come into exact synchronism withthe' other stations. This method ing method disclosed in my application referred'to and can be as readily performed as power systems.

The operation of my system is as follows: Theishaft 33and the shaft-carrying-commutators X Y Z rotate at a speed so that contacts16 17 and 2122 engage each other several times during the period allotted to the inutators make engagement with the segments of said commutators several times durihg-themeriod correspondingto, the. shortest of the motorM is bipolar, and in consequence the shaft 33rota tes at approximately the same contact 22 may be engaged by'cont act 21 at the same instant, forexample, that, at the at that..instant be influenced by energy received upon A, and such energy is, of course, then under control of key 29. In other words, key 29 controls a transmitter one-ha1f the time, and alternate with it key 25 controls a second transmitter, and while key 29 is controlling the .ene'rgy, wave-responsive device 66 is only afiected, and while key 25 is convice 67 only is affected. During the depress ion of key 29, for e'ziample, for a'p'eriod suffieiant to make a dot of a code, contacts 21 the action of relay 68 in controlling the usual recording-apparatus. It is seen, therefore, that from a single aerial conductor there may be'transmitted "several non-interfering mescages, and that at the receiving-stations and ning at very. closely uniform speed, as may be easily obtained, a manual adjustment may shortest code character, and likewise the, several brushes bearing upon the said com code character, commonly a dot. The field rate as com mutators X Y Z. This means thattrolling radiated energy wave-responsive de-.

in the same angular position and relation is'equally feasible with the true synchroniz- T the synchronizing adjustments are made in I distant receiving-station, the brushes'58 and and 22 come intoengagemen-tscvsfi'altimes;

from a single aerial conductor may be received and recorded several non-interfering messages.

As shown in- Fig. 1, with switch-arm B in contact with 2, the apparatus is receiving.- To transform the station into a transmitter, it is simply necessary to move the switch-arm B into contact with 1.

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited to transmitting simultaneously two messages only, inasmuch'as my system can be readily expanded to transmit three or more messages simultaneously and likewise to receive them. Neither do I wish to be limited to the precise arrangement of circuits herein described, as obvious changes may be made without departure from the spirit or scope of my invention, and it is to be further understood that my system is applicable to those systems employing a plurality of aerial by synchronously-rotating commutators, in-

terrupters controlled by said motor, generators of radiant energy controlled by said interrnpters and a plurality of operators keys for controlling the circuit of said interrupters.

3. In a wirelesssignaling system, a plurality of stations, synchronously-rot-ating commutatorsat said stations, a plurality of waveresponsive devices brought successively into communication with the receiving-conductor,

a plurality of generators at each station,

means controlled by a commutator at each station for rendering said generator succes-' sively operative, and an operators key controlling each generator.

4. 'In a wireless signaling system, synchronously-rotating commutators, a commutator at each station for controlling a plurality of generators, an operators key controlling each generator, and electrodynamic meansfor regulating the speed of the commutators.

5. In a wireless signaling system, a motor, electrodynamic means controlling the speed of said motor, a plurality of commutators driven by said motor, a plurality of waveresponsive devices brought successively into communication with the receiving-conductor by said commutators, and signal-producing means controlled by said wave-responsive device.

6. In a wireless'signaling system, a uniformly-rotating commutator, a synchronous motor controlled thereby, a plurality ofgenerators, and means controlled by said synchronous motor for bringing said generators alternately and successively into operation.

7. In a wireless signaling system,a source of energy, a uniformly-rotating commutator for controlling the supply of said energy to a synchronous motor, a plurality of generators, and means controlled by said synchronous motor for rendering said g'enerators successively operative.

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8. In awireless signaling system, a plurality of com'mutators, a plurality of wave-responsive devices brought successively into circuit thereby, a shaft rotating at a, definite rate with respect to said commutators, a plurality of generators, and means controlled by said shaft-for rendering said generators successively operative.-

9. In a wireless signaling system, a plural-- ity of generators, an interrupter in the cirtors are rendered successively operative.

10. In a wireless signaling system, a plurality of generators, an operators key controlling ezich generator, an interrupterin the a circnitof each generator, and means for controlling said interrupter's whereby said gem .era'tors are, rendered successively operative.

HARRY SHOEMAKER.

Witnesses:

ALICE T. BURRG-UGH, MAE HOFMANN.

cuit of each generator, and means for controlling said interrupter whereby said generm

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