US717768A

US717768A - Synchronizer.

Info

Publication number: US717768A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry Shoemaker
Original assignee: CONS WIRELESS TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE Co; MARIE V GEHRING
Current assignee: CONS WIRELESS TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE Co; MARIE V GEHRING
Priority date: 1902-04-25
Filing date: 1902-04-25
Publication date: 1903-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 1920-01-06

Description

No. 717,768. PATENTED JAN. 6 1903.

H. 'SHOEMAKER. SY-NGHRONIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1902.

N0 MODEL- 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

w neooeg. A v 7 MM 7 {Oz W m I xdfi No. 717,768. PATENTED JAN. 6, 1903.

H. SHOEMAKERP SYNOHRONIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1902. H0 MODEL.

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j%ilmeoou 7 I 0e 2:

owl M #Mmm No. 717,768. PATENTED JAN. 6, 1903.

H. SHOEMAKER.

SYNGHRONIZERI APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET N0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E;

HARRY SHOEMAKER,OF PHILADELPHIA, PnNNsYLvANiA, AssieNon T0 MARIE v. GEHRING AND THE CONSOLIDATED WIBELESSTELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SYNCHRONIZER. H

"srnctrtcarton formmg part of Letters Patent No. 717,768,11atedfl'anuary e, 1903.

Application filed April 25, 1902.

To all w/ton it may concern:

- Be it known that l, HARRY SHOEMAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Phila- .delphia, in the county of Philadelphiaand State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new" and useful Synchronizer,'ot' which the follow.- ing is a specification.

My inventioncom-prises means wherebya plurality of messages may be simultaneously transmittedand received by a single apparatus without confusion or interference between the several messages. r

It comprises commutating devices whereby the transmitters are brought alternately into action with such-rapidity that each transmitter is independent of and does not interfere with the others. 4

A It comprises also commutating devices whereby the receiving-circuits are brought alternately into action with such rapidity that each receiver is independent of and does not interfere with the others and properly select out the impulses intended for it.

It comprises, further, means whereby the synchronous movement of the apparatus of the several stations of a system is obtained .for use in instruments where the energy r ep-.

: comprising my invention as appliedto a system employing electroradian't energy, such as a wireless signaling system, in which there are involved circuit arrangements which comprise a part of my in-ven'tion..

My invention com prises, further, means for driving the commutators, for throwing them into and out of action, so that they will start and operate in the proper angular relations,

drawings, in which' Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section and m utator-cyliuders.

Serial a. 104,614. (Remodel) partly in elevation, of the synchronizing ap- 5o 1. Fig. 3 is an end view of a portion of the 55 apparatus shown in Fig. 2 along with adjust- Fig. 4 is-a view of one of the com- Fig. '5 is a plan view 'of a speed-controlling means for the drivinging means.

motor-shown in Fig. 1 inside elevationroo Fig. 6 is an end view of one of the magnetic clutch members, showing radial corrugations. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits employed in thecontrol of the driving-motor to attain uniform speed. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic viewof the magnets and I the controlling-circuit for clutching the com- ;inutator-shaft to the power-shaft and forun locking and permitting the rotation of the Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic 7o com m utator-shaft. view of the circuits at a station, showing both the transmitting and receiving circuits in their relation to the synchronously-driven comm'utators. "showing a modified means for clutching the Fig. 10 is a side elevationpower-shaft to the commutator-shaft. Fig. 11 is an end view of the modification shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is'a top plan view of the same modification. Fig. 13 is a detail showing the magnets and armature of the modi- 8o" fiedclutch. Fig. 14 is a detail showing the armature and the member attached to or integral therewith which acts directlyupon the clutch member. Fig. 15 shows a face view] of one of the clutch members.

In Fig.1, 1 is a metallic box, uponthe inside of which is a plate 2, supporting the apparatus, and upon the outside of which is the platform, 3, of insulating material, which is secured to and supported from the box 1 by brackets 4 which are ruptured from time to time.-

p 6 is the armature of a shunt-wound motor, such as is used for driving phonographic record-cylinders. This armature is of the slotted Gramme-ring type, about nine or ten inches in diameter, and of considerable mas s and therefore considerable moment of inertia. It is mounted upon thevertical shaft 7, bearing by conical pivots in the cups Sand 9, cup. 8 being secured to the bottom of box 1 on a block of'insulation 10. Upper bearing-cup 9 is inthe end of a vertical member 11, which is supported in the bracket 12.

means of a small ribbon or belt a centrifugal governor which controls the circuit of the armatu re only of the motor, the field-magnets remaining at all times energized. Upon an increase of speed the centrifugal governor short-circuits the armature, and inasmuch as the field remains energized it is promptly damped, and upon reduction of speed the centrifugal. governor permits the opening of the armature-circuit. This centrifugal governor is well known in connection with phonographic motors and requires no further description herein. secured an annulariron body 14, having a plurality of lugs or projections 15, as shown in Fig. 5. Disposedarou'nd the iron mass 14 are the

electromagnets

16, 17, 18, and 19, spaced equally and similarly to the lugs 15 upon the body 14.

At is shown a beveled gear, also securely :mounted upon the shaft 7.

20 meshes with a complementary gear 21, which is rigid with a shaft having its hearings in the sleeve 22 at the .top of standard 23. This shaft carries at its other extremity an iron radially-corrugateddislcZt. The corrugations are shown in Fig. 6. Stationary upon the sleeve 22 and in close arrangement withthe plate 24 is the magnet-coil 25, in whose magnetic circuit is the iron plate 26,which is similarly corrugated. is, however, on the independent coimnutator'shaft 27, which has its hearings in the sleeve 28, supported on standard 29 30, and sleeve 31, supported upon the standard 32. The bearing 30, as shown,' is insulated from the end of box 1' by the member 33.

' Coil 25 and

plates

24 and 26 form a magnetic clutch, of which the member 24 .is constantly rotating, being driven by armature 6,

and at predetermined times coil 25 is energized, which then causes the engagement of 24 and 26, resulting inthe transmission of power from armature 6 to shaft 27 and cansing the shaft 27 t0 rotate at the samespeed as the plate 24.

Upon the shaft 27 are secured thecomm uy tater-

cylinders

34, 35, and 36, each com-prising, as shown in Fig. 4, a mass of insulating material 37, which supports

segments

38 and 39, of conducting material, which are on 0pposite sides of'the cylinder 37, each of which embraces an arc of ninety degrees. These segments are in electrical connection with a continuous ring-conductor concentric with the shaft 27 and upon which bears a brush.

40, 41, and 42 are'standards, on the top of which are the

insnlatingmembers

43, 44, and

At 13 is shown a belt-wheel, from which is driven by Upon the same shaft 7 is.

v45, respectively, which carry the brush-hold- The

other ers

46, 47, and 48, respectively. brush-holders are partially hidden.

Upon the shaft'27 are threads 49, which are engaged by a pin upon the end of a lever 51, which is fastened to a barrel 52, capable of longitudinal motion upon the rod 53. Inv practice the threads 49 are of much smaller pitch than shown in the drawings and occupy a somewhat greater length on the shaft 27. The motion of the barrel 52 toward the left in Fig. 1 or toward'the right, as shown in Fig. 2, is resisted by the coil-spring 54, surroundingsaidrod53. Projectingd'ownwardlyfrom the barrel 52 is the lever 55, which extends into the path of movement of the frame 56, which is mounted upon the rock-shaft 57. The spiral spring 58 (shown in Fig. 3) is adjusted bymeans of screw 59, extending through the side of the box 1, and tends to rotate the lever 51 in a connter-clockwisedirection as viewed in Fig. 3, so as to normally keep the pin 50 in engagement with the threads 49. The rock-shaft 57 has-a bearing in standard 29 and also in the member 60 and passes through the end of box 1 through an insulated joint 61. Outside of the box and mounted upon said rock-shaft 57 is the armature 62 of the magnets 63, whose back armature and support is shown at 64, Fig. 2. Upon the energization of the magnets 63 the armature 62isattracted, which causes a rotation of shaft 57 in such adirectiou as to cause the pin'50 from engagement with the threads 49. Upon the'deenergization of magnets 63 sprint 58 causes pin 50 to rengage the threads 49 and the armature 62 to recede from the magnets 63.

During-the rotation of the shaft 27 and the engagement of pin 50 with threads 49 barrel 52, in virtue of this engagement between pin 50 and threads 49, moves toward the left, as shown in Fig. 1, compressing the spring 54 and after a certain travel causes pin 65 to press leaf-spring 66 to the left and break cir-.

cult at the contact 67: Said contact 67 is supported upon standard 29 and insulated therefrom. The leaf-spring 66 is also sup- "ported upon and insulated from the standard 29.

The number of threads 49 on shaft 27 is such that the time consumed by the pin 50 in traversing them is somewhat in excess of the interval of time between words or sentences in the transmission.

At 68 is shown an electromagnet whose armature 69 is pivoted at its center to the standard 29 and whose upper end extends into the path of the pin 70, secured to the disk 26 at or near its circumference. The armature (59 is normally held in the position shown in Fig. 1 in the path of the pin 70 by means of the spiral spring7l, which is adjusted by speed.

thumb-screw 72, fitted in standard 23. Upon theenergization of the magnets 68 the armature 69 is attracted in opposition to the spring 71 and the upper end of the armature 69 is removed from the path of the pin 70.

In Fig. 7 is shown pendulum 73, which may be kept constantly swinging by well-known electromechanical means and whose bob 74 carries at its lower extremitya contact-piece 75, which is adapted during the vibrations of the pendulum to connectsuccessively for brief intervals of time with the

contacts

76, 77, and 78, all of which are connected together and in circuit with source of energy 79, the-ma nets of the relay- 80, the conductor 81,- and the pendulum 73. At each contact the relay 80 is energized and its tongue 82 makes contact with 83 and closes circuit therewith for a brief instant, thereby energizing

magnets

16, 17, 18, and 19 from the source of energy 84. The length of the pendulum 73 is so chosen and the number of lugs 15 upon themember 14 and their associated magnets so chosen with regard to the speed of the armature 6 of the motor that at each contact at 76, 77, andv 78 the lugs 15 will be exactly opposite-the poles of the magnets if the armature 6 is rotating at the proper speed. Should said armature lag slightly, the lugs 15 would be slightly displaced from the point of symmetry with the poles of the

magnets

16, 17, 18, and 19, and upon the energiz'ation of these magnets theywonld give anaccelerating impulse to the disk 14, whichin turn would bring the armature ofThelmotor to the pre-' cise angular position it ought toioccupy had it not departed from absolutely uniform- In case the armature 6 should travel too rapidly the lugs 15 would be in advance of the poles of the magnets at certain instants, and the energization of said magnets would cause a retarding im pulse to be applied to disk 14 and armature 6. These magnets are energized so frequently that the armature 6 could. at most be out of its proper angular position by a few degrees only. The device described in'cnnnection with Fig. 7 operates in connection with the centrifugal device de scribed above, the latter-operating uponrelatively great changes of speed, whereas the.

pendulum-control (shown in Fig.7) maintains the disk 1-1, and therefore the disk 24'and' shaft 27, in practically absolutely uniform rotaiion.

Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of circuits of the magnets 25 and 68' in connection with their circuit-contro1ler 66 67. 85 is a source of energy for energizing the magnets just named, and, as previously stated, when the pin 66 has been moved su'fiicienily far to the left, as shown in Fig. 1, the spring 66 breaks the cirmii'tat 67. The result is that the clutch 24. 26 loses its magnetism, and therefore its ability to transmit power. A spring 71 retracts armature 69, so as to come into the path of the pin and stop the shaft 27 in a certain angular position.

rapid succession.

In Fig. 9 is Shown the arrangement of the circuits at the transmitter and receiver. 86 is an operators key which closes a circuit through 7o the contacts 87, and while'being depressed for this purpose a lugon the lower side of the key brings into contact the points 88 at the same moment the points 87 engage each other. Two

circuits are therefore closed. The one conin the emission of .waves from the radiatingfiio aerial conductor 102, connected to one side of the spark-gap 103, the other side of which connects to earth-plate 104. The other circuitinclndes the contacts 88, the source of energy 100, and onewinding of the electromagnet 63. The result is that as'the operator depresses key 86 to send the first impulse magnet 63 is energized, which then causes pin 50 to be disengaged from the threads 49. "So

long as messages are being sent 63 is ener- 9o gized and the pin 50 is prevented from engagement with the threads 49. Asecond key 95 controls contacts 96 and 97in the same manner as described iii-connection with key 86, contacts 96 controlling the circuit through 5' brush 99, brush 91, source of energy 92, primary of the coil 93, and the conductor 94.- The contacts 97 control a circuit embracingv the source of energy 101 and the remaining winding uponthe magnet63. The brushes 16'.

and 99 are arranged at an angle of ninety degrees with each other, so thatat the instant one brush comes in engagementwith the commutatorthe other brush has just left contact with the other segment. as the commutator rotates rapidly key 86 controls transmitter-coil93 for one half of the time and the key controls it for the remaininghalf'of the time and alternately in tatoris such that to all intents and purposes: either keysends its dots and dashes without any interruption whatever. In other words, the commutator rotates so rapidly that the time required to make a dot is-sufficiently :15

long for the commutator to make several revolutions,'and therefore in realityv break up said dot into several component dots. Upon ceasing. to send messages from either key 86 or 95 the apparatusshown in Fig. lcontinues 12o to revolve, and 63 beingdenergized point 50 engages with thethreads 49 and causes the barrel 52 to move to the left, as shown in Fig. 1, until 65 opens a circuit of the

coils

25 and 68, which then causes the stoppage of the shaft 27. Upon the first closure of the circuit at either key, however, 63 is energized, the pin 50 is reattracted from engagement with the threads 49, and the barrel 52 is forced to the'right along its guide-rod 57, as shown in Fig. 1, permitting the c'losureof the circuit at 66 and 67, resulting in an energization of

magnets

25 and 68, which results instantly in the rotation of the shaft 27 and its commutators The result is that 105 The speed of the communo right angles to each other.

extends a conductor, which embraces the wave-responsive device, here shown as a Branly tube 108, whose other terminal connects through brush 109, through the commutator 36, to' brush 110, to earth-plate 104. In shunt to the tube 108 is a circuit including relay 111 and source of energy 112. The tongue 113 in this relay includes and controls the same circuit controlled by contacts 07 of the key 95- namely, the source of energy 101 and one winding of the magnet 63. Brush 107 communicates with a second tube 114, in shunt to which is a circuit including the relay 115 and source of energy 116. The tongue 117 of said relay controls a circuit embracing a source of energy 100 of the magnet 63, which is the same circuit'as controlled by contacts 88 of the key 86. The other terminal of the tube 114 connects through brush 118, through commutator 36, brush 110 to earth-plate 104. 'IhebrusheslOE) and 118 are at right angles to each other, similar to

brushes

106 and 107. At the first arriving impulse either tube 108 or llcauses the actuation f either relay 111 threads 49.

or 115, which results in the energization of one-or: the other of the coils of magnet 63. The receiving mechanism being at rest, the circuit of the receiver at 66 and 67 is'opened and the barrel 52 at its extreme left position, with the pin 50 in engagement with the The euergization of magnets 63 due to the first impulse just arriving, as just described, then instantly withdraws the pin 50 from engagement with the threads 49, spring 54 repels the barrel 52 to the right, permitting theclosure'of the circuit at 66 and 67, which results in the energization of mag?

nets

25 and 68. This, as previously described, causes the shaft 27 and its associated commutators to instantly come up to speed.

and to start from an angular position such that the commutators of the'receiving device will rotate synchronously with those of the transmitting device. The speeds of the armatures 6 in both instru men ts are very closely the same, and if not precisely the same are absolutely regulated to uniform speed by the pendula 73, which vibrate at the same rate at both stations. When key 86, for example, at the transmitting-station is depressed, it sends the first impulse to the magnet 63 of the transmitter and also the first impulse to From brush 106 I the shaft 27 together.

mined by the pins 70, projecting from the.

disk 26 of each instrument Considering the transmitting portion of Fig. 9 as being at one station and the receiver portion at another, it is seen that as either key 86 or 95 is depressed the transmitting apparatus starts, as does also the receiving apparatus, which then rotates in synchronism with the transmitting apparatus. When brush 90, for example, is just in contact with segment 38 of the commutator 34, the brush 107 of the receiver is likewise just coming into contact with corresponding segment of its commutator 35. The impulses then which are controlled by the key 86 are selected out to the Branly tube 114. In the same manner key in conjunction with brush 99 controls impulses which are selected out by brush 106 and the tube 108. that with the apparatus herein shown and described'two messages may be simultaneously sent and received without interference with each other, using the same. transmitting source of power and the same receiving aerial conductor. 'Itis seen also that by the additional comm utator 36 in the receiver the

tubes

108 and 114 are entirely out out of circuit when the brushes pass on to the insulatingsegments. It is possibleto join the left-hand terminals of the

tubes

108 and 114 to groundplate l04rdirectly; but itis preferable to cause theco-m'plete isolation of the tubes, as ust described, due to the commutator 36.

It is to be understood that relays 111 and 115 in addition to controlling the windings of the magnets 63 control the usual recording devices, tappers, &c. In'Figs. 10 to 15, inclusive, I have shown a modified and preferred form of electromagnetic means for coupling the power-shaft and The coil 25'is still shown as present, though it may be omitted. The magnets 119 are in the same circuit with coils'25 and 68 or replace 25 entirely. The armature 120 of said magnet is pivoted at 121 on the standard 29 and carries two vertical arms 122, carrying at their upper ends small antifriction-rollers 123. Upon the energization of magnets 119 the armature 120 is attracted downwardly, which causes then the rollers 123 to press to the left, as shown in Fig. 10, against corrugated plate 26 to engage with a similar plate 24', thereby securing It is thus seen ICC mechanical connection between the powershaft and the driven-shaft 27. This then in the absence of the coil 25 is a purely mechanical connection between plates 24 and 26' and not dependent uponelectromagnetism for the attraction between the two plates.

Though I have shown apparatus constructed to send and receive simultaneously two messages, it is to be understood within the scope of my invention to enlarge the system, so as to make it possible to send still more messages without interference with each other. It is also to be understood that this apparatus is adaptable for use on multiple telegraph systems Where the energy is transmitted over line-Wires.

I do not wish to be limited to the precise arrangement of apparatus or circuits, inas-- 2. In a synchronizer for use in a 'wirelesstelegraph system, a rotating power-shaft, a

shaft carrying circuit changing means, a member upon the end of each shaft, means for causing the engagement of said members and an electromagnetic wave-responsive device for actuating said last-mentioned means.

8. In a synchronizer for use in a wireless telegraph system, a rotating power-shaft,a shaft carrying circuit-changing means, magnetic means for coupling the said shafts together, and means responsive to electromagnetic Waves for actuating said coupling means.

4. In a synchronizer for use in a wirelesstelegraph system, a rotating power-shaft, a shaft carrying circuit-changing means, electroresponsive means for coupling the said shafts together and means responsive to electromagneticwaves for actuatingsaid coupling means.

5. -In a synchronizer for use in a wirelesstelegraph system, a rotating power-shaft, a

shaft carrying circuit-changingmeans,meaus for coupling the said shafts together, means for causing the disengagement'of said shafts and means responsive to electromagnetic waves for actuating said coupling and disen-' gaging means.

- 6. In asynchronizer, a power-shaft, a shaft carrying comm utating means, electric means for coupling said shafts, electrically-operated means for causing the disengagement c! said shafts and a common circuit for energizing the coupling and disengaging means.

7. In a synchronizer, a power-shaft, a shaft carrying commutating means, electrical means for coupling said shafts, and electrically-operated mechanical means for causing the disengagement of said shafts. I

8. In a synchronizer, a power-shaft, a shaft.

carrying com mutating means, electrical means for coupling said shafts, and electrically-operated mechanical-means for causing the disengagement of said s fts upon a release of the coupling means.

9. ,In a synchronizer, a power-shaft,

whereby the shafts are disengaged upon release of the coupler.

. 10. In asynchronizer, a power-shaft, ashaft carrying commutating means, a magnetic coupler for said shafts, a stop in a definite angular position with respect to the commutating means, and means extending into the path of said stop, whereby the shaft carrying the commutating means starts from and comes to rest at a definite position.

11. Inasynchronizer,apower-shaft, ashaft carrying cornmutating means, a coupler for said shafts, a stop on the shaft carrying the commutating means, and electrically-controlled means extending intothe path of said stop. v

12. In a synchronizer, a power-shaft, a shaft carrying commutating means, a coupler for said shafts, a stop on the shaft carrying the commutating means, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet controlling said means and a time circuit-controller in the circuit of said ele'ctromagnet.

13. In a synchrouizer, a power-shaft, ashaft carrying commutating means, a coupler for said shafts, a sthp' on the shaft carrying the commutating :neans,means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet con-' trolling said means,-and. a time'circuit-controller in the circuit of said electromagnet and controlled by the shaft carrying the commutating means.

14. In asynchronizer, a power-shaft, ashaft carrying commutating means, a coupler for said shafts, a stop on the shaft carrying the comm ut-ating means, means-for engaging said stop,an electromagnet controlling said means and means operated by the shaft carrying the commutating means for controlling the circuit of said electromagnet after certain conditions have obtained for a definite time in terval.

15. In asynchronizer, a power-shaft, ashaft carrying the commutating means, a coupler for'said shafts, a stop on the shaft carrying the commutating means, a lever extending into the path of said stop, a spring applied to said lever, an electromagnetoperating upon said lever, and means operated'hy the shaft carrying the comm utating means for controlling the circui t of said electromagnet, after certain conditions have obtained for a definite time interval.

16. A power-shaft, a shaft carrying comm utating means, a coupler for said shafts, a stop on the shaft carrying the com mutating means, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet controlling said means, a circuit-controller in the circuit of said electromaguet, and means engaging the shaft cat'- rying the com mutating means, for operating said circuit-controller.

17. A power-shaft, a shaft carrying comm ua shaft i tatingmeans, an electromagnet controlling circuit of said electromagnets, and means engaging the driven shaft for operating said circuit-controller.

19. A power-shaft, a driven shaft carrying commutating means, a'disk on an end of each shaft, means for causing the engagement of said disks, a stop on the disk of the driven shaft, means extending into the path of said stop,an electromagnetcontrolling said means, and a circuit-controller in the circuit of said electromagnet and operated by the driven shaft.

. 20. A power-shaft, a driven shaft, a disk on an end of each shaft, a-n electromagnet for causing the engagement; of said disks, a stop on the disk of the driven shaft, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet controlling said means, and'a circuitcontroller. in the circuit of said electromagnets operated by the driven shaft.

21. A power-shaft, a driven shaft, a disk on an end of each shaft, an electromagnet for causing the engagement of said disks, a stop on the disk of the driven shaft, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet controlling said means, and a circuitcontroller in the circuit of said electromaguets operated by the driven shaft after a defi nite time interval.

22. Apower shaft, a magnetic mass secured thereto, a driven shaft carrying comm utating means, a coupler for said shafts, electromagnets operating upon 'said magnetic mass, a pendulum, and a circuit including said electromagnets controlled thereby.

23. A power-shaft, a magnetic mass secured thereto, a driven shaft carrying commutating means, a stop on the driven shaft, electrically-controlled means extending into the path of said stop, electromagnct's operating upon said magnetic mass, a pendulum, and a circuit including said eleetromagnets controlled by said pendulum.

24. A power-shaft, a magnetic mass secured thereto, a driven shaft, a coupler for said shafts, a stop on the driven shaft, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet ntrolling said means, a circuit-controller in the circuit of said electromagnet operated by the driven shaft, a pendulunna circuit in lnding electromagnets controlled thereby, said electromagnets operating upon the magnetic mass to regulate the speed thereof.

25. A power-shaft, a magnetic mass secured thereto, a driven shaft, an electromagnet for coupling said shafts, a circuit-controller included in the circuit of said electromagnet and operated by the driven shaft, a pendulum, a circuit including electromagnets controlled thereby, said electromagnets operating upon said magnetic mass to regulate the speed thereof.

i 26. A power-shaft, a magnetic mass secured thereto, a driven. shaft, a coupler. for said shafts, a stop on the driven shaft, means extending into the path of said stop, an electromagnet controlling said means, a circuit-con troller included in the circuit of said electro-v magnet and operated by the driven shaft, a

pendulum, a circuit including electromagnets controlled thereby, said electromagnets operating upon said magnetic mass to regulate the speed thereof; r

27. In a synchronizer adapted for use in a wireless-telegraph system, a power-shaft, a driven shaft, and means responsive to the first transmitted or receivedimpulse for actuating means for coupling the said s afts together.

28'. In a synchronizer adapted for use in a wireless-telegraph system, a power-shaft constantly rotating, a driven shaft normally at rest and means responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for actuating means for coupling said shafts together.

29. In a synchronizer adapted for use in a wireless-telegraph system,'a power-shaft, a driven shaft and means responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for energizing means whereby a magnetic. coupler may be actuated.

30. In a synchronizer, a power shaft, a driven shaft, 3. stop on the driven shaft, 2. member projecting into the path of said stop, and electric means responsive to the first received and transmitted impulse for Withdrawing said member from the path of said stop.

31. In a synchronizer, a power shaft, a driven shaft, a lock holding said driven shaft in a definite angular position, and electric means responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for unlocking the driven shaft.

32. In a synchronizer, a power shaft, a driven shaft, 2. coupler for said shafts, a lock holding said driven shaft in a definite angular position, and electric means responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for unlocking the drivenshaft and coupling it to the power-shaft.

33. In a synchronizer, a powershaft, a driven shaft, a couplingdnagnet a magnet controlling a membe extending into the path of a' stop on the driven shaft, and electric means responsive to the first received or transmitted impulse for controlling the circuit including the windings of said magnets.

34, In a synchronizer, a power. shaft, a driven shaft, a coupling-magt'iet, a magnet controllinga member extending into the path ofa stop on the driven shaft, and electric means responsive to the first received or transmitted. impulse for energizing said magnets.

v 35. In a synchronizer, a power shaft, a driven shaft, a coupler for said shafts, a lock holding said driven shaft in a definite angular position, and electric means responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for controlling the circuit of the coupler-magnet and the means for unlocking the driven shaft.

36. Inasynchronizer,ashaft,threadsthereon engaged by a lever, a barrel supporting said lever pivoted and sliding upon a guiderod, a spring opposing the motion of said barrel, and circuit-contacts controlled by said lever. i

37. In a wireless-telegraph system, a uniformly-rotating power-shaft at eachstation, a driven shaft at each station carrying transmitting and receiving commutators in definite angular position, and an electromagnetic wave-responsive;device at each station responsive to the first transmitted or received iilnpulse for coupling the driven to the power s iaft.

38. Ina wireless-telegraph system, a power and driven shaft at each station, transmitting and receiving commutators on each driven shaft, means for holding all the com mutators at rest in a definite angular position, and an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the power shaft.

39. in a wireless-telegraph system, a power and driven shaft at each station, transmitting and receiving commutators on each driven shaft, means holding all the commutators at rest in a definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first transmitted orreceived impulse for coupling the driven to the power shafts, and means for uncoupling the shafts a definite interval of time after the last impulse transmitted or received. t

40. In a wireless-telegraph system, a uniformlyq'otat'ing power shaft at each station, a driven shaft at each station carrying commutators in definite angular position. and an electromagnetic wave-responsive device at each station responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the power shaft.

41. In a wireless-telegraph system, a power and driven shaft at each station, commutators on each driven shaft, means for holding all the commutators at rest in a definite angular position, and an electromagnetic Waveresponsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the power shaft.

42. In a wireless-telegraph system, a power and driven shaft at each station, conrmutators on each driven shaft, means holding all the com m utators at rest in a'definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to I at the same speed, a driven shaft for each 7 power-shaft carrying a commutator, and an electromagnetic wave-responsive deviceat each station responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the power shaft.

44. In a wireless-telegraph system, apowershaft at each station rotating uniformly and at the samespeed,-a driven shaft for each power-shaft carrying a commutator, means for holding the com mutators at rest in a defi-- nite angular position and an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first received or transmitted impulse for coupling the'dri-ven to the power shafts.

45. In awireless-telegra-ph system, a powershaft at each station rotating uniformly and at the same speed, a driven shaft for each power-shaft. carrying a commutator, an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the powershafts, andmeans for uncoupling the shafts a definite interval of time after the last transmitted or received impulse..

46. In awireless-telegraph system, a'powershaft at each station rotating uniformly and at the same speed, adriven shaft for each power-shaft carrying a commutator, means for holding the cominutators at rest in a definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave-responsive deviceresponsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the shafts, and means .for uncoupling the -shafts a definite interval of time after the last transmitted or'received impulse.

47. In a wireless-telegraphsystem-,a powershaft at each station rotating uniformly at'a definite rate, a driven shaft for each powershaft carrying a commutator, means for lockint: the cointnutators at rest in a definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave-responsive device res onsive to the first transmitted or received anpulse for unlocking the commutators and coupling the driven to the power shafts, and means for uncoupling the shafts a definite interval of time after the last impulse.

48. In a wireless-telegraph system, a powershaft at eachstation rotating uniformly andat the same speed, a driven shaft for each power shaft carrying a transmitting and receiving commutator, and an electromagnetic wave-responsive device at each station to sponsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling the driven to the power shaft.

49. Ina wireless-telegraphsystem, a powershaft at each station,rotating, uniformly and at the same speed, a driven shaft for each power-shaft carrying a transmitting and receiving commutator, means for holding the commutators at rest in a definite angular position and an electromagnetic wave-responsi ve device responsive to the first received or transmitted impulse for coupling the driven to the power shafts.

50. In a wirelesstelegraph system, a powershaft at each station rotating uniformly and at the same speed, a driven shaft for each power-shaft carrying a transmitting and receivingcommutatonan electromagneticwaveresponsive device responsive to the first transmitted orreceived impulse for coupling the driven to the power shafts, and means for uncoupling theshafts'a definite interval of time after the last transmitted or received impulse.

51. In a wireless-telegraph system, a power: shaft at each station rotating uniformly and at the same speed, a driven shaft for each power-shaft carrying a transmitting and receiving-commutator, means for holding the comm utators at rest in a definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave-responsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for coupling theshafts, and means for uncoupling the shafts a definite interval of time after the last transmitted or received impulse.

52. In awireless-telegraph systenna powershaft at each station rotating uniformly at a definite rate, a driven shaft for each powershaft carrying a transmittin and receiving commutator, means for locking the commutators at rest in a definite angular position, an electromagnetic wave--i'esponsive device responsive to the first transmitted or received impulse for unlocking the commutator-s and coupling the driven to the power shafts, and means for uncoupling the shafts a definite interval of time after the last impulse.

53. In a wireless-telegraph system comprising synchrononsly-operating mechanism at each statioma key controlling the transmittercircuit and also controlling the operation of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

54. Inawireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key controlling the transmittercircuit and also controlling simultaneously the operation of the synchrononsly-operating mechanism.

55. In a wireless-telegraph system eomprising synclironously-operating mechanism at each. staiioma key controlling the transmitter circuit and also controlling the starting of the syuchronously-operating mechanism.

56. In a Wirelesstelegraph system comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each statioma key controlling the transmittercircuit and also controlling a circuit including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

ing synchronously-operatingmechanism at each statioma key controlling the transmitter circuitand alsocontrollinga circuit including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism in a definite position.

60. Inawireless-telegraph systemcomprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key controllingthe transmittercircuitandjalso controllinga circuit including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from and locking it in a predetermined position.

61. In a Wireless-telegraph system com prising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key controlliugthe transmittew circuit and also controllingacircuit including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism a definite interval of time after the last operation of said key.

62. In a wireless-telegraph system com pris ing synchronously operating mechanism at each stati0n,a key controlling the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a circuitincluding means which control the operation of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

63. In a wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key controlling the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a circuit including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

64. In a wireless-telegraph system comprising sync'hronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key cont-rolling the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling, a circuit including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

65. In a Wireless-telegraph system comprising synchrouously-operating mechanismat each statioma key controlling the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a cir cuit including means which control the starting and locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

66. In a wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station,a key controllingthe transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a cir- ICC cuit including means which'control the startcircuit and simultaneously controlling a cir-.

cuit including means which control the looking of the synchronously-operating mechan loism in a definiteposition.

68. In a wireless-telegraph system compris ing synchronously -operatingmechanism at each station, a key controllin g the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a circuit including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mecham ism from and looking it in a predetermined position.

69. In aWireless-telegraph system comprislog synchronously-operating mechanism at each statioma key controlling the transmitter-' circuit and simultaneously controlling a circuit including means which control the looking of 'the synchronouslypperating mechan- 5515111 a definite interval of time aft-er the last operation of the key. p

70. In a Wireless-telegraphsystemgcomprising synchronously-=operating.mechanism at each station,a key controlling the transmitter- 3o circuit and simultaneously controlling a circuit including means whichcontrol, the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from apredetermined angular position.

71. In a wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each statioina key controlling the transmitter circuitand simultaneously controlling circuit including means which control the looking of the synchronously-operating mechan- 40 ism in a definite angular position.

7 2. In a wireless-telegraph system compris-' ing synchronously-operating mechanism at each statioma key controlling the transmittercircuit and simultaneously controlling a circuit including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from and looking it in a predetermined angular position.

73. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph sys- 5o tem comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also controlling circuits including means which control the operation of the synchronously-op- 5 5' crating mechanism.

74. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality oi keys eo'ntrollingthe transmitter-circuits and also 6o controlling circuits including,-means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

75. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each statioin'a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also controlling circuits including means which control the'locking of the synchrononsly-op-i perating mechanism.

-76. In a multiplex wirelesatelegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-oircuits and also controlling circuits including means which control the starting and locking of the synchro- 'nously-operating mechanism.

77L In-a multiplex wireless-telegraph sys-. tem comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also controlling circuits including means which control thestartingof the synchronously-operating mechanism from a-predeterminerl position.

7b. In a multiplex Wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously-operating. mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also control-ling circuits including means which control the locking oE'the synchronously-opcrating mechanism in a definite position.

79. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph 'sys-. tem comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synchronously-op, erating mechanism from and looking it in a predetermined position.

80. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph systoo tem comprising synchronously-operating mechanism at each station, aplurality of keys controlling the transmitter-circuits and also controlling circuits including means which co trol the locking of the synchronously-op crating mechanism a definite interval of time after the last operation of any one of said keys.

81. In a multiplex. wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter-circuits and'also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the operation of the synchronously-operating mechanism. 82: In a multiplex wireless telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmittercir cuits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control-the starti of the synchronously-operating mechanis 83. In a multiplex wirelesstelegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys mechanism at each-station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter circuits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the starting IIO and locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

85. In a multiplex wirelesstelegraph system comprising, synchronously-operating mechanism at'each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter-circuits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from a predetermined position.

256. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter-circuits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism in a definite position.

8'7. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronouslyoperating mechanism ateach station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter-cirtraits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from and looking it in a predetermined position.

88. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling the transmitter-circnits and also alternately controlling circuits including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism a definite interval of time after the last operation 'of any one of said keys. 7

89. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph-system comprising synchronously -'operating mechanism at each station, a pluralityof keys controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the operation of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

90. In a multiplex Wireless-telegraph sys tem comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling transmitter circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits includingmeans .which control the startingof the synchronously-operating mechanism.

91. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control ,the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

92. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting and locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

93. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting of ,the synchro nously-operating mechanism from a predetermined position.

94. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism in a definite position.

95. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of key controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synchronously-operating mechanism from and looking it in a predetermined position.

96. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, aplurality of keys controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism a definiteinterval of time after the last operation of any one of said keys.

97! In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, aplurality of keys alternately controlling transmitter circuits and simultaneouslycontrolling circuits including means which control the operationof the synchronously-operating mechanism.

98; In a multiplex wireless-telegraph systern comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the startingof the synchronously-operating mechanism.

99. Ina multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling transmitter circuit-s and simultaneously controlling circuits in cludipg means which control the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism.

109. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronouslyoperating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling transm-itter '-'circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting and locking of the'synchronously-operatingmechanism. v

10 1. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synchronouslyoperatin g mechanism from mechanism ateach station, aplurality of keys a predetermined position.

102. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating.

mechanism at each station, a plurality of keys alternately cont-rolling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control; the locking of the synchronously-operating mechanism in a definite position.

.103. In amultiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating mechanism at each station, a plurality of' keys alternately controlling transmitter circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits including means which control the starting of the synch ronously-operatin g mechanism from and locking it in a predetermined position.

104. In a multiplex wireless-telegraph system comprising synchronously operating inechanism'ateach station, a plurality of keys alternately controlling transmitter-circuits and simultaneously controlling circuits in- Wcluding means which control the locking of the synchronouslyoperating mechanism a definite interval of time after the operation of any one of said keys. v

105. In a wireless-telegraph system, synchronously-moving transmitting and receiving commutato-r's at eachof a plurality of stationsand means controlled by a transmitter b of electromagnetic waves and by an electromagnetic Wave-responsive device for starting tions and means controlled by a transmitter of electromagnetic waves and by an electromagnetic v'vave-responsive device for starting the commutators from rest in, a definite angular position.

108. In a multiplex wireless telegraph system, synchronously-moving transmitting and receiving commutators, a plurality of transmitters of electromagnetic waves and a plurality of electromagnetic wave-responsive devices associated therewith, and means for stopping the commutators in a definite position a definite interval of time after the lasttransmitted or received impulse.

HARRY SHOEMAKER.

Witnesses:

MAE HOFMANN, J NO. P. CROASDALE.