US716069A - Explosion-motor. - Google Patents

Description

No; 7IB,069. Patented Dec. I6, |902.

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UNITED STATES ATENT JULIEN PAUL ETIENNE LIET, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

EXPLOSION-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 716,069, dated December 16, 1902.

Application iled September 23, 1901. Serial No. 76,173. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concer-71,:

Be it known that I, JULIEN PAUL ETIENNE LIET, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Explosion-Motors, (for which I have made application in Great Britain under No. 17,806,

. dated September 5,`1901,) of which the following is a specification.

In the explosion-motors now in use the expulsion of the combustion products is not complete, the space between the piston and the bottom of thecylinder remaining at the end of the stroke filled with combustion products, with which the fresh explosive charge mixes on entering the cylinder on the following charging period. Hence it follows that the value of the gas mixture, and consequently the effective power of the'engine, is diminished, While the ignition also becomes irregular in consequence of its taking place sometimes in the midst of burned gases. I These drawbacks are obviated by the present invention, in which the f exhaust-valve, properly speaking, is dispensed with, the exhaust taking place through an opening provided in the front part of the cylindertoward the end of the piston-stroke. i Through this opening the combustion-gases escape into an ejector, producing a vacuum, which then sucks in the combustion-gases contained in the upper part of the cylinder, while at the same time fresh air is drawn into the cylinder through a valve arranged on the combustion-chamber. In this way at the commencement of the suction period the combustion-chamber is quite free from combustion products and contains fresh air only, constituting a partof the explosive mixture. The efficiency and the effective power of the motor are increased, and a perfect ignition is insured.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 sisting of two conical nozzles b and c, arranged axially and converging toward each other. The ejector is provided with a valve ol, connecting when in its opened position the valvechamber with the atmosphere, and a vacuumchamber e, surrounding the conical parts b and c, before mentioned. The connectingvalve o7, may bean automatic valve, or it may be controlled mechanically. In the back part of the cylinder a spring-valve f is arranged, which is actuated by a lever g, controlled by the motor, the valve-chamber communicating, through a tube h, with the Vacuum-chamber in the ejector. Another spring-valve fi, actuated by a lever j, controlled by the motor, is arranged in the back part of the cylinder on the opposite side to the valve f. An admission-valve k, acting, as usual, automatically, is also placed in the back part of the cylinder. The ignition device Z, Fig. 2, is also arranged in the bottom of the cylinder,which, as shown in Fig. l, is interiorly formed concave, the back of the piston being made convex with a concave annular recess, so as to provide at the end of the stroke an annular space o between the cylinder end and the piston.

Vis to say, up to the time when the rear edge of the piston reaches the ejector-orifice a. After having entirely uncovered the ejectororifice a the piston returns and closes the This period is marked by the points 2 to 3 of the diagram? he pressure within the cylinder becoming atqual to the atmospheric pressure. On its urther return move- Vment the piston compresses the mixture from the point 3 to point l of the diagram, the

`pressureyon the end of the return stroke being marked by the ordinate l-e. At the end of the return stroke the mixture is ignited by the' ignition device l, whereupon the piston is driven forward until its rear edge again reaches the orifice a in the side of the cylinder. The working stroke of' the piston extends from 5 to 6 of the diagram Fig. 4, the pressure at the commencement of the explo- IOO sion being represented by the ordinate 5 9. After the orifice a has been uncovered the gases escape under great pressure into the ejector-nozzles b and c, opening thereby the valve d' and producing a vacu um in the chamber earound the nozzles. Then the piston returns and closes the orilice a, While the valve d is closed by the atmospheric pressure. On this return movement of the piston the two valvesfand i at the end of the cylinder are opened by their respective controlling mechanisms, and the rear part of the cylinder is put into communication with the vacuum-chamber e. The vacuum produced previously in this chamber causes the combustion-gases to be sucked energetically into the chamber through one of these valvesf, while' fresh air enters the cylinder through the other valve i. Owing to the annular shape of the chamber 0, formed between the piston and cylinder end, the entering air thoroughly sweeps the combustion -gases out. At the end of the cycle the valves t' and f are closed and the same operations are repeated.

From the foregoing explanation it will be seen that at the end of the cycle fresh air only is contained in the combustion-chamber instead of combustion products or combustion products and air, as in motors hitherto used. The fresh gas will not, therefore, be mixed with combustion products, and the effective power of the engine will be at its maximum in view of the fact that the whole mixture is combustible. The ignition always taking place in a medium of fresh gas will be a very reliable one.

The ejector of the motor described above has an analogous object to the condenser of a steam-engine-viz., to produce a vacuum in the cylinder. It maybe constantly cooled in order to insure a perfect vacuum. The movement of the piston m is transmitted to the motor-shaft by a connecting-rod in the usual manner.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In au explosion-motor the combination of an outlet-orifice arranged at the outer end of the cylinder, an ejector communicating with the said orifice, a vacuum-chamber around the said ejector, a valve arranged at the rear end of the cylinder, a valve-chamber in connection with this valve and communicating with the vacuum-chamber, means 'for actuating the said valve, a second valve arranged in the rear end of the cylinder and a corresponding valve-chamber communicating with the atmosphere, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed ,my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JULIEN PAUL ETIENNE LIET.

Witnesses:

PAUL BACON, EDWARD P. MACLEAN.

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