US71473A - Improved apparatus for punching saw-teeth - Google Patents

Description

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JAMIS w E. EMERsoN, OF TRENTON, NEW` JERS'EY, i Letters Patent No. 71,473, dated November 26, 1867. l i

IMPROVBD ArrARATUs ron PUNGHING sAw-TBETH;

ro ALL wHoM IT MAY coNoERNz w Be it known thatl, JMES E. EMERSON, of Trenton, in the county of Mercer, and Statezof New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable Punches` andDies for Punchiug Saws, and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation fof the' same, reference being hadto the aocompanying drawings, making a part of this specfication, in which- Figure 1 represents a sideview of one of the punches, and 1 Figure 2 represents a side view of one of the dies i Figure 3 represents o. topplan of the die shown in fig. 2, and

'Figure 4 represents a face vie 'wof one of the punches and the grooved plate that holds it, (an end view of which is seen in fig. 1,) removed fromV the punch-stock.

Figures 5 and 6 represent respectively an end and side view of another form of construction of punches, and

Figure 7 represents a section through a die formed for the punches, figs. 5 andl 6, to work in.

Figure represents a gauge by which the punches and dies may be set for straight or curved work either.

Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 represent various shapes, forms, and inclinations of the tecth, and the holes or apertures at or in the line of the roots of the teeth, and which may be punched by my system of punches and dies.

Similar letters of reference, where they occur in' the separate figures, denote corresponding parts in all the drawings. 1 i

My invention relates to ,a mode of constructing, arranging, adjusting, and holding punohes and dies in their stocks, for the purpose of punching saws, as will he hereinafter (lescribed; and my inventon consists in combinations of devices for the purposes set forth, as will be'hereefter more fully set forth and cloimeil.`` M

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invcntion, I will proceed to deseribe the same with reference to the drawings. i i t a The punch-stock A, fig. 1, is made of metal, with flanges or projections, B, at its ends, between which there is a recess, for placing the punches, and in one of theflanges, jaws, or projections, are one or 'more set-screws, O, for holding the punches and their plates firmly in position, after'they have been properly set in the recess.

There is also a shank, D, on the punch-stock, by which it is set and held in the punching-machine.

The punch a, which cuts o ut the throat, or space between the saw-teeth, may be permanently attached `to its plate, b, and be of such shape or form, and size, as it is desirablc to make the throats or gullets inthc saw.

The punches c c c, dze., which are designed for cutting out a series of holes behind or above the throats or gullets of the saw, are made separate, and removable from their plates, d d d, 8m., so that, when worn out or broken,

others may be inserted in the` same plates. The plate b of the punch a has a tongue formed upon that side of 1 itwhich comes next to the other plates, d, as seen in fig; 1, and the plates oZ have a' groove formed in one' of their sides, and a tongue in or on its opposite side, so that when these plates and their pun'ches are'properly set in the punch-stock, and the set-screw or screws run up, they will bc firmly and rigidly held in.place by means of their tongues and grooves, or other similar interlocking` devices. i The punches o I make out of sections of round, square, or angular-steel wire, as follows: If the bottom of the throat or gullet of the saw-teeth, and the holes behind or' above' them, are to be round, as seen in fig, 12, then round Wire, of the size of the holes to be punched, is used, 'the punches being cut off of such lengths as will allow them to bc inclined from a horizontal plane, as seen in fig. 1, so that, in punching, they will come into action'in their series capacity, and thus very much reduce the power requiredfto-,force them through the saw-plate, and also prevent the plate from being unduly warped or bent; and if ;it he'desired to-diminish the i sizes of these holes as they recederfrom the throat or tooth-space, the sizesof theround Wire inaybe correspondingly reduoed. If the holes are to be half round, angular, diamond, or Oof any other regularlor irregular i forms, as seen in the-several drawings, then, with a fine saw, Sections are cut from round, square, or angular steel wire, of such cross-section as will cut holes of the shap'esrequired. The plates d, that are to receive`these` punches c, besides being tongued on one side, and grooved on the other side, have a Vertical slot cut on one face, into which the punches fit, as seen in fig. 4; and these slots may bc simple grooves or dove-tails, and the upper ends of the`punehes correspondingly forxned to fit into them. The face of the punch is flush with the' face of the plate, so that, when the series of' plates'and punches is set in the stock, one plate shall hold or bear against the punch of the next adjacent plate, a'nd 'thus throughout the series. By this construction of punches, one stock and one set of plates will serve for many sizes of punches, and will last for a very long period, whilst the punehes may be renewed, as worn out, at a very trifling expense.

In hand, saw-mill, cross-cut, or other similarly-shaped saws, the holes punched out behind or above the throats may be at right angles', or inclined, to the edge of the saw, as seen in figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 14, but should be in the line of the wearing of the teeth of the saw, (which is always a defined line,) as they are designed to aid the user in gumming his saw, and serve as a gauge for so doing, besides their other advantages of preventing the saw from lieating,.or of fractures at the roots of the teeth, and admit of the use of one particula'rly-shaped file being used.

In circular saws, as seen in fig, 13, the holes may be punched in curved'or in inclined straight lines, as the she-pe, of the tooth or the purpose for which the saw is to bc used may require, but always in defined lines, whether curved or straight. But as circular saws, by use, and refiling, and regummin'g, are gradually and regularlyreduced in diameter, and as the diameter of a saw defines to a great extent the size of the teeth and throats formed in it, the holes, whilst preserving the general direction of the line of wear of the teeth, may gradually diminish in size, but maintain their general outline form, so that, as such saw wears away, it .may have its teeth graduallyv reduced in size by the simple act of gumming, sharpening, and setting, the holes being the guide for the operator, he only having to cut away the bars between the holes.

The red and dotted lines in the figures, from 9 to 14 inclusive, show how the shapesl of the teeth and thr'oats are preserved until the last hole is reached, or the saw worn out.v

All these forms, shapes, sizes, and curved or inclined lines-of holes can be punched by my punches and dies, it being only necessary to use a gauge, such as is shown at E, fig. 8,'or any other one,to set the punches and dies by, after they have been loosened in their stoeks, by hacking the set-screws. The curved or straight side of the gauge is placed against the punches, and they are all brought up against it, and then the serews are run up tight. The dies are similarly. brought .up to the same part of the gauge, and'they are then made fast, so that the teeth are formed and the holes cut to conform thereto at one operation, and this, too,l whether at right, angular, or curved lines, as may be'desired. If punches and dies had to he specially made with their stocks or holders for cutting each form of tooth, and particular forms or lines of holes for such teeth, itwould require innumerable punchesj and dies; but, bymy mode of making them, the same stocks and plates 'maybe used for Varions-sized and shaped punches and dies, and in curved or straight lines, as may be desiredJ-f f 'I The dies are the counterpart or rever'se of thepunches. The die-stock F, fig.. 2,`is substantially the-'same as that for the punches, with the exception of the shankl This die-stock bears the relation of an anvil to the punch-stock, and remains stationary, and, for the purpose of being readily removed and replaced on its bed, may have dove-tailed ends, G, so as to slide and' fit into a dove-tailed groove or recess in the bed, The die e receives the punch a, and the diesreceive the punches c. These dies are formed in separate plates, g and h, so that they can be adjusted or changed to suit the punches in the punch-stock, or the Shape, form, size, or direction of the holesLor of the VVsaw-teeth or their throats. V f i Figs. 5 and 6 represent an end and side view of a punch-stock and punches, in which H is the punch-stock, I the punch for cutting out the throats and forming the teeth of the saw, and J the punches for punching the holes behind or above the roots of theteeth; and K, fig. 7, represents the die used with such a punch. L, figs. 5 and 6, is a stripper for holding or preventing the saw-plate from rising with or adhering to the punches. The punch and die, in this case, can only be used for limited szes and forms of teeth, gullet's, and holes'. They can be removed, changed, or replaced, but each punch has its separate sct-screw to hold it, and when the punch is made up, it is either straight, or may be made to hold the punches in a defined curved line, but cannot be changed, as in the case of the construction shown in figs. 1, 2, and 3. The puncvhcs -in figs. 5 and G are inclined, and the tooth formed and holes punched at one operation, and, in this particular, are like those in figs. 1, 2, 3; but the die K, fig. 7, is cut out of a solid piece, and can only be used with a special puneh, of which it is the counterpart or reverse. Gauges are used in connection with these punches and dies, for propcrly placing the plate, so that the thrcats of the teeth, as well as the holes, shall beunifornily spaced and punched.

Having thus fully described my invcntion, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination of a series of punches with a series of vdies, each in its own stock, when so made and arrangcd that it will punch out the throat of a saw-teeth, and a hole, o'r a series of holes, behind or above said throat, and in a line corresponding to the wear of the saw-teeth, and at one operation, substantially as described.

2. I also claim the so arranging of the series of punches and the series of dics in their stocks as that they may beset to punch the throats of saw-teeth, and the series of holes behind or above them, in straight, inclned, or curvedlines, a's may he desircd, substantially as described.

3. I also claim making the punches of separate pieces of steel, and fitting them to reccsscs or grooves in their respective plates, substantially in the manner described, so that, whcn`set up in the stock, one plate shall hold the punch of the next adjacent platc,'throughout,the series, substantially as dcscribed.

J. E. EMERSON.

Witnesses:

A. B. SroUc-nror, EDYD F. BROWN.

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