US71420A - David stewabt - Google Patents

Description

@taint ma it-armi @frita IMPROVED` GRAGKER-MAKING MACHINE.

@Ligt gentillement tu in ligar ftettmi atent mit making part if ligt4 site.

l TO ALL WHOM Il MAY CONCEBN: v

Be it known'that I, DAVIDQSTEWART, of the city of Philadelphiufin the county of Philadelphia, in the 3 State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Machine orMaking (plraokersfl and` Ii do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of-thefsame, reference being had Vtothe accompanying x p drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked` thereon, makinga part ofjthis specificatiomand'in 'which-4"- Figure 1, plate 1, is a perspective (photographic)view of my whole machine. l 4 Figure 1, plate 2, 'a plan view of my machine. Figure 2, plate 2a side elevation of the same. Figure 1, plate 3, a longitudinal sectional elevation of part of my machine., i p p i Figure 2, plate 3,. an elevation view (detail) of one of the side uprights, with spring, and the different posiv tions of the'square of the bar against saidside spring. l q

. Figure 1, plate 4, a side elevation of oneof the uprights on the doug`h-cutting part of the machine. p Figure 3, plate 4, a side elevation Aof the outside face `of the other similar upright. u? .1 Figure 2, plate 4, a cross-sectional elevation between the twol saiduprights. l "l Figure 1, plate 5, showing in detail the disk with its'fork apparatus. f Figure 2, plate -5, showing in detail a longitudinal sectional elevationof the large tinted roller and its ilu'ted `concave under box. 4 i i N p y Figure 3, plate 5, a side elevation of the disk and the fork-apparatus, with its revolving movement shown i inred arrows. Y A I v l Figure 4, plate 45, showing detail of the stopper'bar or rod, with weight and crank. 4 Figure 5, plate 5, showing. detail, and, i-n red lines,jdi ii`erent movements of thecatchland its spring- Similar letters and figures refer to similar partsthroughqutthis description. l

The object offmy invention is to eontiive a machinef'for makin g-and moulding crackers which will give `a t p regularlyjshaped and formed cracker, and save` time and labor. I l i i l Toenableothers skilled in tlie'art to make'andns'e lm-yfivnventibn, willfnow'proceed tedescribe its eon4 struction and operation. f V v My machine is built up on wooden tableA A, which' is secured onl a metallic bed-plate or frame seton legs of aheight to suit. The metallic bed and legs having no special shapeordim'ension, and being in now'ise part of my invention, I, have not figured them in the drawings. They must `of course be made to suit the shape of abierta. t l f In the following description my machine will be-considered as `composed of` tw'- distinct parts, which I will v term Part No. 1, (ordou'gh-cu'tting, machine,) and Part No. 2, (or cracker-making machine.)4 l l 'Pm No. 1..

Table A, as shown in plan, is a rectangular table, turningfon one'end at right angles, asin B. It is on` partl4 of said table that stand uprights V P Vand V' P', (figs. 1,' 2, and 3,' plate 4.)l `On saidjuprghts are set l, uted rollers C and C', parallel, and placed on a. level, and of sameidiameter, the edges of the grooves of one` y being opposite to the edges of the grooves of the other. 0n the backjot' uprights V Pand V Pare screwsI ,S H S' H', by means of which the dis-tance between'rollers C and C' is regulated at will; Lower down on sanne nprights, and parallel to rollers() and C', are two wooden rollers, `R and R', also regulated by screwsS H and'SnH'. .The proper gearing G`will drive rollers C and C* in contrary directions, (towards eachother as would terminating roller. The .spacesv left by their respective grooves will be nearlyl cireular.` On end of the' pinionbearing shaft S B,.in front of` gearing G, is keydpulley P B, iwhich, by means of a` y lever, L, and clutch C L, is easilycoupled or uncoupled.' Now, parallel to .the cylinder and rollers already mentioned, and onsame 'level with rollers R and` R', but on the other side ofthe table, is placed aproller, Riv', similar in size, shape, and material to rollers Rand R. Parallel endless strips orbands, S B,.ot` leather, o any other suitable material, are'next set around rollers R and R", -tight enough to keep parallel and equi tant when therollers are in motion. Those bands should be disposed so aste correspond verticallywith e second` space formed by the grooves of luted rollers C and C. i y l l" Pisa light woodenl platform, erected go that its top will be parallel to bedftableA, `and p pass between 71,420 .2 the upper and lower part o't endless strips S B. W Pis covered with an endlesscanvas, heldl around two parallel rollers, RD .and R. D', the axis of which is perpendicular to that of rollers R, R', and'R", andi'parallel to the plane of bed-tahleA.

'On both sides of platform W P are'two stands, S T and S' T', on which rests andslides backward and forward a-frame, Frmade of strips ofwood ot' the samewidth of leather strips S B, each strip of wood being made to correspond to the space between two consecutive strips of leather. The position of said leather strips S B on top of platform WP is kept rigid bysliding-in metallic rests or guides, (right-angle shaped, in the sense of their lengtl1,) and fastened by both ends, as stands S T and S' T'.

On one'side of F is a small space, between it and the stand, which-is filled up by the blade of a knife, K, the handle of which passes on top of frame F, and allowsthe operator to draw the knife or push it forward, so as' to giv'eit a cutting motion. On the side of table A, opposite to uprights V P and V' P', is builtup a stahd, S M,'high enough so that if a plane were conceived to pass 'from its top to thatof uprights VIP and V' P', the said plane would make, withthe horizontal plane, an angle twenty totwenty-tive degrees, or about From top of stand S M to top of upright VP and V' P', is a boarding, B R, at-ea'ch end of which are set two rollers, RP and R' P', parallel` to each other, and also to rollers C and C' and R and R'. Roller R P is permanent, but roller- B.' P' canbe regulated (to stiffen or loosen the endless leather apron, or any suitablematerial, A P,set around' both rollers) by means of a staple or shifting-screws S7l -H" set on back of uprightsV P and V' P.-

On endof shaft of rollers R P, on same side with pulleys P B, and betweenuprightsV P and cog-wheel a, is keyed a pulley, P", connected by arbelt to another small pulley, set on centre shaft of'i'bll'efrs C', back of cogwheel a, so that when pulley P B is coupled, and therefore gearing Gin motion, apron A Pand roller R' P' will be'driven byl roller R P. Now, at right angles with upright V P and ,V' P', and parallel to sides of table A, are two metallic stands, S O and S' O', on which are the journals of a lutod roller, C F, of a diameter about four or ive times that of rollers C and C'. Cylinder C F is set so that its axis is parallel to roller R' D', and in the same horizontal plane, only a very small space being allowedbetween R' D' andC F.

Cn end of axle of C F, towards uprights V P and V' P', is acog-whecl, C W, gearing with P W, a pinion set on an axle, A X, running parallel to C F; and back of it, on the other end of A X, is a ily-wheel, FWN, and outer pulley, O P. Under cylinder C Fis placed concave box C B, the arc of concavity oi' which has been drawn from centre back `of that of cylinder C F, and with a larger radius, 'so that the space between the. conn cave box C B and the lower part of roller C F will progressively diminish towards the front ofsaid roller. Box C B is lluted similarly to roller C- F, the edges of the grooves of one `being oppositethe edges ofthe grooves of the other. Cylinder or iinted roller C F is driven by pulley O P, gearing C rV and P W', and ilyu'wheel F W.

Except two small contrivancos that 'I will describe hereafter, the description of PartNo. 1 .is now completed.

Part No. .2.

At about two-thirds of the distance from roller C F to ond of table A are uprights V V' V" V'", made of metal, and vertically slotted from the lower to the upper one-quarter, or'about, or" thcirlcngth; said slots S S', S'S' being in width about one-quarter of the width of the upright. l V and V' and V" and V'" are respectively connected by pieces P C and C', on the centreof which are respectively s'ct journals J and J'. In the head of the upright are cut large square slots, into which are inserted sliding j ournalboxes S J B, S J' B', Src., and shiftihg-screws S C W, S' C' W', Sie. Two parallel shafts, P A, P' A', are. set into boxes S JB, S' J' 1B'. Both ends of said shaft on the side of V and V', respectively, bear a cog-wheel, C C W' and C' C' W', of'same diameter, about fourteen inches.

A centre shaft, C A F, set in journals and J', bears a pinion', P X, gearing with both cog-wheels O CvW and C' C' W', and on the outer end of same shaft is a pulley of large diameter, L D. Inside each upright, and on shaft P A and P' A', are set fou-r eccentrics, E X, 'E' X', E" X", E'" X'", for the purpose as hereinafter described. From the lower strap of each of theieccentrics falls a fork, F, to which a square bar, 'B A R, hangs horizontally. B A R is of a thickness nearly eq'nalto the width of uprights VIV', and is constructed so that the branches of fork F meet in a sort of ring, into which the ends of BA R, maderound to that e'ect, are inserted. The round ends of B A Pt,on the side opposite tovpulley L D, are not only inserted through the ring of fork F', but are made to go through the ring and the slots ofthe upright, and outside of said upright a square block, of same dimensions of `width as the bar, is keyed on said bar. On the same outside face of the saine upright is a spring, S P, shown in iig. 2, plate 3, havingreceding elbow I, as shown in I, same ligure and' plat-e.

Between shafts PA and top of bar B A R is a rectangular box, B X, held in Yproper horizontal position by braces fromth-e table to the box, on both sides. The bottom of B X is a sieve, on which are symmetrically disposed a set of tin cups, T C, the bottoms of which are also -made as a sieve. Said cups are besides set on sliding strips, which can be shifted side or lengthways by a catch-spring, C S P.

From the othereccentrics E" X" and E'" X'" hangs in similar manner a square bar, B' A' R', the ends el' which are inserted in slots of uprigh-ts V' and V'", into which they slide, guided up and down. The lower face of. B'A' It' is provided with series of dockers, D K, by means of which l dock or stamp the crackers. Each set of dockers is in a straight line with the fork Aon fork-apparatus M F.

Close to upright V' and V'", on a level with table A, is set, an axle-shaft, Y, bearing on one end (side of stand Vm) a crank, D P, and on theopposite end a cog-wheel, Z, of same diameter with cog-wheel O C W, O' C W', en which (Z) is set crank D' P', equal in size and similar shape-to crank DP. Cog-wheel Z gears with pinion P Z, set on a stud on V', which gea-rs itself with C' Cl W'l Two main rollers 1 and 2, and two intermediate dish-rollers and 4f., are next fixed across table A, parallel to cach other. They arc held in proper place by pedestals 1, 2a, 3, and il, and are hidden from view, ends excepted, by a boarding of thin wood, forming what one might vcall an inverted box or closed platform, C P F. Around the rollers and disl:-rollcrs above ,B A R and dockers on bar B A R to rest on said canvas, but without pressing upon it. ,i

p Vdescribed is enrolled'an endless piece of canvas, which, starting from 2rdllors 1, goes to disk-.roller 3, thence` 'l farouhd roller,4,/ thence around 2, thence to 1 again. Pedestal .2 is made so that its foot runs through table A in a slot or hol/e, and is shifted forward or backward by means of screw arrangement H S. The canvason roller eantherefore be tightened or loosened at will `with the help of said screws.; The height from top of canvas to l l l top of table A is so determined that, when in motion, eccentrics E X, being at its lower point, will-bring `bar l i On end of rollers R D, towards upright V P, is a ratchet-wheel, 48, 'acted upon by a crank, which receives -its motion from cog-wheel() C W by means of connecting-rod 50. When in motion, said eogwhecl rod 50 acts on ratchet-crank and wheel 48, and intermittently drives forward canvas on rollers R D and R D. The can. vas on4 rollers 1, 4, 3, and 2, is similarly driven forward by a ratchet, 49,set on head of roller l, and acted upon y by a ratchet-crankv connected with cog-wheel O C W by rod 51. Between roller 1 and` canvas box C P F, 1

fand on each.v side of table A, are set two slides, 5 and 6, the top part of which is on a level with the above- .1, l i described canvas. Slides 5 and G are composed of uprights 7 and 8 and top pieces 1 T and 1 '.l".` `A. sliding l table, 9 F, or frame, one foot orso in width, runsbackward and forward on 1 T and 1Tl A slot, 1 S, is' c ut' across table or sliding frame 9 F, and in said lslot is inserted a disk-segment, C a, made of wood or metal, and l of about nine or ten inches in diameter. If I suppose sliding frame 9F, with its axis, `resting on the middle-j point of slides 5 and 6, disk C amust have been set so asto rest the plane of its diameter parallel to table A, the said diameter being perpendicular to the axis of slde-frame 9 F. Again, the centre of C a must be about one and a half inch or so 'above thc top surface of slide-frame 9.1?, and to he kept in this position it is made to rest on a block, B L, or cushion, of suiiicicnt lengthand thickness'. B L is covcredwith a band of leather i, `or India rubber, or any kind of material to suit, and so is the periphery of disk C a. I next'construct a metallic frame, M F, as shown on a larger scale in figs. 1 and 3, plate 5, on bothlonger sides of which are bored holes h h le, and journal-holes h h ZL', into which are inserted rods r d r d 7' d, standing parallel to each other, every one of them being perpendicular to M F; Portions of rods r d, between Mp1 and f M 2, forma series of elbows, on to cach of which are attached weights W W W`,.for the purpose hereinafter. described. On end of each rod isset aforlgj'f, constructed either as shown in figs. 1 and, plate 5, or in any., other way to suit; rods 1' d being held in proper parallel positions by a wooden or metallic strip, W S. Thus l v prepared, the forkfframe is set on the centre ofdisk C a, (ig 3, plate 5,) and C a being, inserted into slots 1 S of sliding frame M F, the lower face of M 2 sits on two pillow-blocks B. 'I and. R T, on each end of M F: `The v. .l part of M 2 inserted int disk C a is square,and that revolving in blocks RT R T isround; therefore the" axis around which the whole, disk' and fork-apparatus, revolves, is the axis of M 2, (tig. 3, plate The length y l i of top Apieces 1 T and 1 T is calculated so as to regulate and limitthe stroke of the forks citherway. p On the lower' face of slide-table 9 F urcattaehed two arms, 24vand 25, right on the middle of each end of 3 I9 F, and to each of those protruding arms are fastened, by means of a collar ring andwasher, Atwo connecting-` rods C 'i' and C 7, connecting 24 and 25, and consequently table 9 F itself to theabovefdcscribed cranksUP and D P on both sides of uprights V and V. The'ends of C7 and C 7 on cranks are slotted about one-fifthv of` their total length, so that pins 41 and 42, of cranks D Pand D P, will A.play in said slots `with a loss of motion to C 7 and C 7, as will hereafter appear. n y l Now, between rollers R. D (part 1) and back of iuted rollersC F is set a small rod, ,33, parallel to the axis of cylinder C F, and held in` proper place byjournals on both ends. An upright ro'd, A34, with a weight, i 35, is Vattached on oneend of rod 33, and on the other end is a crank, 36, to which is attached a horizontal f rod, 37, which runs `parallel to table A towards part 2, its end being a. right-angled elbow, the sides of which 1 stand up and in about three or four inches from roller 1. On rod 33 are attached lugs, wooden or metallic, 38,` `38, each one of which must be opposite to cach circulaigroove or uted cylinder C-F., Rod 34, with weight 35,-must be so attached that when no other force 'acts on red 33, weight 35 will keep rod134 and lugs 38` inclined to an angle of about eighty degrees, lugs 38 thus bearing against roller R D', and when rod 37 is drawn back towardspart 2, thenlug will bear against iiuted roller C F. l i

In front of concave box C B is a horizontal strip of wood or metal, set on rod 41, parallel' to the `airis off dated roller C F, and placed on a levelwith the space between front of concave box C B and roller C Fil The* rofl on which the metallic or wooden strip is set revolves in upright journal and hole 4G.` On the other edge of` the strip is a series of right-angled elbows, 40, facing towardspart 2, and they are so placed thatvach of them,4 1' p is opposite each edge ofthe ilutedcylnderC F. If abandoned to itself, the weight ,of the `elbowall. on the same, i. edge of strip 40 would make it revolve and the elbow fall, as shown by black and red lines in fig. `5, plate 5.` l, To maintain the whole system, the strip horizontal, and thestauding lugs or clbowsv'ertcal, a lever-,L V, having its fulcrum on standard S L V, is set on table A, as shown in fig. 5, plate, hlackli'nes, and is itsclf` (lever L V),held in such position by spring `S I? set under table A, same figure and platet 4This Awhole lever` arrangement is set on one side of table A, the' rod of spring S P V running in a slot throughsai'd table. p p On the other side of tableA is symmetrically placed an upright lug, 42, set on a. weighthanging on a `line v f running through the weight back of its centre. If any force acting on the lower part `of the weight pushes it inthe direction from part 2 towards part 1, (see red linesg. 5, plate 5,).as soonas theforce ceases tofact, the 1 factof the weight'being hung out of centre will bring it to its former position. 42 is,` as well as L V, destined` i to keep 41 and lugs 40 in proper horizontal and vertical position. i f l' ,On the lower `face of slide-table 9 F, and towards lpart 1, are set lug 45 aud shovel.46, respectivelylopposite standing lug 42 ".ind lever L V. They-are set so that when slide-table 9 F is driven towards par, 1, shovel 46u willl act on lever L V and lift it up inthe mean time, when lug 45 will strike the foot ofweight-l p g42. .i When this` simultaneous action takes place, lever `L V, upright lug 42, and rod` 41, with elbow 40,w`ill all occupy th res `ective`pcsitens shown in red linesiig. 5, plate 5. j

The description of my .machine 1s completed so far, that it explains tho construction of one of 'the two symmetric-machines that 1 propose to always connect and run together, However, I shouldcall the attention" of the reader to this, one of the most important features of .my invention, viz, the relative arrangement of the leatheror endless bands of both machines. I

Speaking of rollers R, llt/,and R, I have said that a series of endless'leathcr bands, S B S B, were set around rollers R and R, Vso as to correspond vertically to4 each second space formed by the opposite grooves of both {iuted rollers C and C. This left roller R unoccupied. Now, if I suppose afsecond machine, exact 4symmetric duplicate ofthe one already described, to be placed connected with that last one sc as to run them sym' metric and together, the set of uprights V P and VP, with the system already described, of tinted rollers C and C', and rollers R and R', will answer for both machines, but it will be necessary to have a series of endless leather bands running around roller R', and a roller R" placed in relation to R inthe second machine,'as R is to B. in the rst, each band of the second series corresponding-to cach secondspace of luted 'cylinder Cand C', and setting into the space between two connecting hands in the first machine. The purpose of such an arrangement will appear hereafter. Y

After having connected the different pulleys of mypmaehinc .with the shafts of the power which is to driveH it, the diameter (relative) of said pulleys being so calculated that each part of my machine wi'lLhave a speed proportional to what that special part is, in relation with the other, expected to accomplish, I places. sheet of dough of sufficient thickness onleather apron A P. Said apron brings the dough slowly towards rollers C and C',

between which it falls and passes. It nds itself there cut in slices, the thickness of which can be regulated by set-screws S H S H', dto., on uprights VP and V P. -`Each slice is directed to the corresponding leather strip S'B, which drives them across canvas on platform W P. As soon as they reach near theouter edge of said canvas, the operator draws towards him knife K, which ents all the strips of dough. Hc immediately' afterwerds pushes forward frame S fl, thus throwing each strip of dough on canvas underneath. The said canvas is driven forward towards C F, where, one by one, each strip ofdoughVK falls between C F and concave box C B.

I should say, theioperation thus described as taking place on one machine takes placealso on and through similar parts of the other, and in order to give a full idea ofthe meritsrof using two'machincs, "I will now suppose that there are altogether forty-eight grooves to cylinders C and C', and consequently forty-eight strips ofleather, twentyLfour running towards and on vone machine, and twenty-four towards and on the other. The leather bands oniirst machine to be designated as 1, 3,5, &c., and the other way by 2,4, 6, Ste. l

Now, when aI sheet of dough, of the width of leather apron A P, reaches andis caught between C and C', it

is then divided into forty-eight strips, which fall, one half on bands 1, 3, 5, and driven towards machine No. 1, while the other half falls on bands 2, 4, 6, which carrythem towards machine-No. 2.y

The advantage of the opposite movemcntof the bands isobvious'.' Bands of dough destined to be cut in lumps for crackers, should be of an oven thickness all through. It is essential the machine should carry them, without any stoppage or accident, to the cylinder, where they will be cut in lumps, bccauseifthey be allowed to choke any ofthe inways through which theypass on the canvas that carries them,they could notbe lifted up by hand without impairing their needed evenness, and the whole operation would therefore prove a failure. My system of double series of bands running in contrary directions obviatcs any such danger. Falling between the concave box andluted rollers C F, eachstrip of dough is then cut in lumps of equal size, somewhat eggshaped, and which the rotary movement of cylinder C F brings out iii K O. The lumps fall on strip 41, then horizontal, from which they are prevented from falling 'by elbow 40'. When on strip 41 the lumps rest on their longer side. 'At the very same moment the lumps of dough have reached and fallen on strip 41, the forks, driven towards C F'by the gearing, connecting-rods, andarms on part 2,'a1rive in the position shown in red lines, iig. 1, plate 3, and cach one runs through one of the lumps on strip 41.

In the same time this last operation is performed, the lugs and shovel-lug under slide-table 9 F, have one lifted up and the other pushed down, both lever L and weight 42, so thatstrip 4 1 falls, thus leaving such lump of dough stuck on cach cnc of the forksf. Meanwhile sliding table 9 F is slowly driven back towards part 2, and when, in that movement, the outside of disk C a reaches the cushion-block BL, the`friction having a tend'- eney tceretard the sliding movement, if not of the whole system, at least of disk C a, on the said disk, is held, but by itsI centre, it will revolve, and thus the system of forks will describe au arc of circle, bringing the lumps of dough towards bar B A R.

Cranks D P, playing in slots of rod C 7, allow-the fork arrangement to remain in the horizontal position, as shown in M P, fig. 1, plate 3, long enough for bar B B, t-o take hold of the lump of dough, so thatthe fork system being pushed back by the action of cranks D I and D P on rod C 7, and C 7, withdraws from the dough, revolves, takes out of'C F another supply of lumps, which it will bring as before under bar B .A R, and so on.

I should, before going further, explain now the object and action of weights W W W, set on cach elbow of the fork-rods. When each lump of dough reaches strip 41, into whichthey fall and restbefore being caught by the forks, they are Somewhat egg-shaped, and resting with their longer diameter horizontal. It is in that position that the fork picks them up. New, should they reach bar B A R in that same position, it would flatten them so that each lump or cracker would he rather thin, and entirely long, oval-shaped. To obviatc this inconvenience, I have attached weights W to the elbow of cach fork, so 'that during the revolutions of the forkapparatus towards bar B A R, weights W will fall, and ycausing each fork to make one-quarter revolution, cach lump of dough will necessarily reach under bar B A R with its longer diameter vertical, and being flattened whenin that last position, will become round, with the needed or desired thickness, said thickness being, besides, regulated by the more or less stroke allowed to B A R. 'lhese weights W W W, and their action on forkf and the lump of dough, are one ofthe important features of my machine.

' and for the purpose above set forth and described.

One row of lumps having been explained, 4brought to the action ot'bar B A R, are iiattcned `by said bar,

and then driven forward by means of canvas on rollers 1 2 3 4, driven itself` by theratchet on end of roller 1. i l

The relative speed of the diii'erent pieees'of part-2 must be so calculated that when the-r`stirow of crackers reaches understamping-bar B A R', the same bar will fall on the row 'of crackers indough and stamp them.`

It is also well to remark that the grooves of uted roller C F must be so that each fork `faces normally each 1 groove, and that the groove, the fork, and the corresponding set of dockers on bar B AR. are` in one same straight line, otherwise some of the crackers in dough would not find themselves just under their corresponding docker, and would therefore come out badly stamped. When stamped, the row of crackers; is 'ready to be lifted up and sentto the oven.

In the description of the construction of my machine,'I have mentioned the'spring S P,g. 2, plate `3, sot, as has been said, on uprightV. :I'n its upward and downward movement it is obvious that the bar B A-R slides up .and down along S P, and when the top of the square piece, keyed on end of B AVR, reaches the point or elbow I on said spring, B AR being no longer pushing S P open, the said S P springs back into its normal position,

and when B A R goes'up aga-in, its angle, catching into I, will revolve, as shown in red lines,` iig. 2, plate 3, `so

that whenit falls on the dough it will beeach time on a. different face. This will in a measure obviate B A R i striking into the dough. But the inconvenience is yet more completely avoided by the sieve and the 4sieve-bok arrangement B X and TC placed on top of B A R, as above described. At eachl .revolution` of shaft P Aya cam set. on it catches on spring C S P, to which the sieve is connected, and when the cam leaves C S P, it springs back,vgiving a shake to the lsieve andilourbox, which are thus made to powder the top facecfB ARwithilour,

so' that as B A R at each of its ascensions revolves, each of its faces is. powdered in turn, and this prevents the face in contact with the dough to ever stick to it. The advantages of my'machine are obvious. With it thegdougb, when in strips or in lumps, has not to be);

Ihandled byhand. Each lump is perfectly similar to its fellow in shape and size; it is mechanically cut, crushed, v and stamped. v. My machine will therefore make a cracker more uniform, more regularly shaped, more perf'ect,;`

more pleasing..

I do not intend claiming broadly having 'invented the .rst cracker or bread-making' machine, nor any of the parts of my invention, which-parts may bc found combined with machines of other kind; bnthaviug described my invention as fully and clearly as I could,

` 1.` The mechanical combination offluted rollers C and C', roller R R B. and R", double set of endless.

loathern or other suitable material bands S B S B and S B S' B', running symmetrically in opposite directions,l l for the purpose and in the manner above set forth and described.

2. Thecombinationof 4iiuted rollers C F with concave boxC B, drawn from different centres, for 'the pur pose and in the manner `above set forth and described. l r v l l 3. The combination of rollers C and C', R R R R", endless band SB and S'B, roller C F, and concave w box .C B, all constructed and operated in the manner and for the purpose aboveset forth and described. Y 4. Sliding-top frame (wooden or otherwise) S T, and knife K, combined, constructed, `and operated in the i manner and forthe purpose above set forth and described. i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure byLettersPatent of the nited States, isi 5. The combination of rod and claw-Stoppers 33 witli'weight-rod 34,V weight 35,4 constructed and operated l in the manner and for thcipurpose above set forth and described.

6. The rest or horizontal strip 41, with elbow40, constructed and operated 4in. the manner and'for the purpose above set forth and described.l v 7. Spring-lever L V, eccentric-weighting 42, combined with rest 41 and elbow 40, constructed` and operi ated in the manner 'and for the purpose above set forth and dcscribed. .l ,i

8. The combination of frame M F, disk C A,- aud forks fff, withsldes LT and T', constructed and` operated in the manner and forthe purpose above set forth and described; v

9. The application to` elbow of rod rdid of weights W W W, for the purpose .above 'set forth and described. 10. Cushion-block BL, combined with the fork arrangement, and constructed and operating in themanne'r 11.` The combination of bar B A R with eccen in the manner and for the purposeI above set forth and described.

12. Bar B A Rf, combined with its eccentrica E X and E" X" and shaft P A', constructed and oper-1 ated in the manner and for thc purpose above set forth and described. j

13. The combination of spring S I on uprights V, bar B A'R, and its sqliare-keyedcnd, constructedand` operated in the manncrfand for the purpose above-set forth and described.

14. Sieve-box B X and flour-sieve tin cup T C, combined with spring and cam C S P, constructed and` operated in the Vmanner and for the purpose above set forth and described; i

15. A cracker-making machine, being the combination of all the different parts and pieces above separatelyf claimed, constructed and operated in the manner andfor the purpose above set forth and described- DAVID STEWART."

Witnesses:

VLIONEL J. DEPINEUIL J. H. Bowman.

tric E X and E X', and shaft PA,'constructed and operated

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