US712146A - Ship's water-closet. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 28, |902.

y .1. L. MoTT, 1n. SHIPS WATER CLOSET.

(Application mea my' 1, 1900.5

2 Sheets- Sheet I,

(llo Model.)

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS me cams PETERS cov, Puofauwo., wAsHmGToN, u. c,

No. 7|2,|46. Patented out. 2s, i902.

` J. L. MUTT, 1n.

smPs WATER cLosEr.

` (Application led May l, 1900.) (N0 Modal.)

wlTN-ssE y INVENTOR i 7 NMi-w s l v g/ BY mi( y i ATTORNEYS 1H: Norms Pnzns ca. PHoroLlmu. wnsmnloow, n. e.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JORDAN L. MOTT, JR., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE J. L. MOTT IRONVORKS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION.

sHlPs wATER-cLosE-r.

.SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 712,146, dated October 28, 1 902.

Application filed May 1| 1900.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, J oRDAN L. MOTT, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, inthe county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Ships Water-Closet, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates toan improvementin the means for flushing and emptying waterclosets, especially of that -class which are so placed that they may have to be discharged against a head of water-such, for instance, as where they are placed aboard a ship and near or beneath the Water-line. The device will be herein described as applied to a ship, although it will be evident that the` same construction or portions thereof might be used with advantage in many other places where similar conditions are meta-as, for instance, in connection with Wash-basins, bath-tubs, or other plumbing fixtures. It has been heretofore common practice to equip closets placed under such conditions with a pump which is operated by hand to flush the closet and to discharge the contents thereof through a pipe into the sea. This besides being a matter of considerablebother is apt to be neglected and for many reasons is unsatisfactory, especially for use upon private yachts. l

The principal object of my invention has been to produce a device foraccomplishing this purpose which shall be power-operated and, as far as possible,automatic in its action, so that it will onlyT be necessary to start the device in operation by pushinga button or lever or some such equivalent-construction and which Will run a suflicient time to thoroughly flush and' discharge the closet and will then be automatically stopped. y Y

Another feature of my device is that it is provided with an automatic starting and stopping device for the motor which is controlled by the level of Water in the hopper, so that if water leaks into the hopper through the outboard connections or enters it from any source the Water will not be permitted to rise to such a height as to overow.

I have herein shown my device as operated by means of an electric motor, although Serial No. 15,105. (No modelJ it is evident that other forms of motors may be substituted therefor.

My invention comprises the novel parts and combinations of parts which-will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure l is a plan of my device. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken upon the irregular line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 isa partial sectional elevation upon the line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan taken through the boxes K1 and K' containing the velectric switches and the means for operating them. Y In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention embodied in the form at l present preferred by'me; but it will be understood that various modiiications and changes may be made Without departing from the spirit of my invention and Without exceeding the scope of my claims.

The following'is a description of my invention as embodied in the accompanying drawings.

The device is herein shown as being mounted upon a base-plate A, which is of sufficient size to hold all of the parts of the device so that they will be retained firmly in their proper position and may be placed as a whole in the ship or wherever they are to be used. This is, however,a feature which mayin some cases be omitted, the framework of the structure within which the device is to be placed in such case being utilized to retain the parts in their proper position.

The hopper H may be in the main of any desired or preferredv construction. At some convenient point adjacent to the hopper the pumps B and D are located. The pumpD is a i'lushing-pump-that is,it receives its supply of water from outside the ship or from any convenient source through a pipe S and discharges the .major part of this Water through a pipe d into the hopper of the closet in any preferred manner. A portion of the water from this pump is'discharged through a pipe d for a purpose which will be hereinafter explained. The pump B is the discharging-pump and has a suction connection by means of the pipe b with the bottom of the hopper. This pump discharges through the pipe b', which opens outwardly through the ICO side of the ship. This pipe is provided with a check-valve, as U, (see Fig. 2,) which will prevent backiiow of water. This valve is herein shown as being provided 'with a locking device consisting of a threaded stern u, which passes through the side of a pipe and is adapted to engage the valve to hold it positively upon its seat. The stem u extends outside the pipe and has a handle or wheel u', by which it may be readily operated. When it is desired to close this valve, so as to make it impossible for any leakage to occur, the stem u is screwed down until it comes firmly in contact with the valve U.

The two pump-cylinders B and D are each provided with a piston,the piston D' of the cylinder D being shown in Fig. 3. The pistonrods B2 and D2 extend through suitable glands or packing devices to the outside of the cylinder and are connected by means of rods D3 and B3 with -their respective crank-wheels G and I. These crank-wheels are herein shown as being formed of worm-gears, which mesh respectively with the worms G and I', one of these being made right-handed and the other left-handed in order to neutralize the end thrust thereof. Both worms are formed upon or connected to the shaft C, upon which the armature of the motor C is mounted. This shaft is also shown as provided with a wheel C2, which serves both as arly-wheel and as a hand-wheel, by which the motor may be assisted in starting if such assistance should at any time be necessary. This shaft C is journaled in bearings formed upon the upper end of the standard A2 and upon an arm A2, which extends from the standard A, upon which the motor is mounted.

At a convenient point adjacent to the pumps are placed two regulating-cylinders F. and F, which are shown in section in Fig. 2. Upon the upper ends of these cylinders are mounted casings or boxes K and K', within each of which is mounted an electrical switch and the means for controlling the same by means of floats placed in the cylinders E and F. The cylinder E is connected, by means of the pipe d', with the flushing-pump D. This pipe is provided with a valve d2, by means of which the amount of water discharged into the cylinder E is controlled. The two cylinders E and F are also connected by means of a pipe e, in which is placed a valve e', by means of which the rapidity of flow of water through this pipe may be controlled. Near their upper ends the two cylinders are also connected by means of an overflow-pipe e2. Within the cylinder E is a float L, which rises as the water is forced into the cylinder. The two valves e and cl3, which are located upon opposite sides of the cylinder, are so regulated that the discharge through the valve e' is less than the supply which enters through the valve d3, and as a consequence the float L will be gradually raised until it finally strikes the pin or rod N, which slides through the upper end of the cylinder and projects into the box or casing K. This box or casing contains the switch by means of which the circuit is completed through the motor and the means by which said switch is thrown out of action under the iniiuence of the float L. The switch, as herein shown, consists of a three-arm lever N, which is pivoted upon a pin n. The arm n is adapted to enter between the two contact-plates P, which are connected with the binding-posts p and p', said posts being connected in the motor-circuit. The lever N is provided with a weight n2, which normally holds the switch out of action or in the position shown in Fig. 2. Placed above one end of the lever is a pin or rod Q, which is held in raised position by means of a spring Q. When this is pressed down, it engages the lever in such manner as to raise the counterweighted end thereof and to swing the contact-arm nbctween the two plates P, and thus to complete the circuit of the motor. When the counterweighted arm is raised, its end engages a shoulder O' upon one end of a bell-crank lever O, the other end of said lever being placed directly over and where it will be engaged by the rod or pin N', which is raised by the i'loat L. As the pumps are operated by the motor a portion of the water from the flushing-pump D passes through the pipe CZ/ into the cylinder E, and as the outlet-opening to said cylinderis smaller than the inlet-opening the float L will be raised until the pin or rod N' is made to raise one end ot' thebell-crank lever O. When this happens, the counterweighted end of the lever N is released and the switch is thrown out of action, thereby stopping the motor. The means for starting and stopping the n10- tor controlled by the level of water in the hopper is connected with the cylinder F. The electrical devices of this mechanism are contained in lthe casing or box K. Within the cylinder F is a weight or iioat L', which is normally supported by the water in said cylinder at a certain height. The cylinder F is connected by means of a pipefwith the hopper. As herein shown, the connection is with the suction-pipe ZJ; but this is the equivalent of a direct connection with the hopper. The level of the water in the cylinder F thus corresponds with the level of water in the hopper. As this Water-level rises the float L is raised until it reaches such a point that it actuates the switch-controlling mechanism to start the motor. As the water is lowered the weight L falls, and thus disconnects the switch and stops the motor. The switch is constructed in much the same form as that shown in connection with the cylinder E that is, it consists of two plates P', which are connected with binding-postsp2 and p8 and a bar R2, which is pivoted so as to swing between these plates, and thus to complete the circuit through said plates. Upon the pivot of the bar R2 is pivoted a second bar R, which is provided with a counterweight R4 on one end thereof and has an arm R extending in TOO IIO

an opposite direction and adapted to be engaged by the arm m of a bell-crank lever, the other arm thereof, m, being connected with the rod L2, to which the iioat or weight L' is connected. The counterweighted end of the lever R is normally held raised by means of a bell-crank lever T, one arm of which has a pin t, adapted to be engaged by the end of the 1ever R, and the other arm of which projects into the path of the rod-L2, so that when the iioat L rises the -bell-crank lever T will be y moved so as to free the counterweighted lever R. When this happens, the bar R2 is.

swung into place between thetwo plates P', the circuit is closed, and the motor started. As the water falls the vbell-crank lever m is swung downward, the arm m thereof engaging the arm R to raise the counterweighted lever. The switch-arm R2 has an extension r, which carries a laterally-extending pin adapted to engage the arm Rwhen the twov are in one position. The plates P grip the bar R2 to hold it with some force'up to a certain point, when the further progress of the bar is not resisted. During the raising movement of the lever R the switch-bar R2 is not moved until the pin in the extension fr' is engaged. During this period the spring Rs is being put under tension. As soon as the bar R2 has passed the critical pointin its engagement with the plates P the spring R3 will quickly complete its withdrawal. This will not occur until the counterweighted end of the lever R has been raised above and so as to be supported by the pin t.

The filling of the hopper or bowl of the closet may be secured by the use of a refillchamber, as is common in many water-closets, the closet herein shown being supposed to have such a chamber. yThis refill-chamber consists ot' a chamber in the upper rear part of the bowl interposed betweenthe sup-I ply-pipe and the discharge in the bowl and has a small leakage-opening in its lower part into the bowl. The chamber E of the starting and stopping devices also acts as refillchambers, and it' made of sufficient size the refill-chamber in the hopper may be omitted. Whenever the pumps are manually started, they will not stop until the waterin the chamber E has reached such a height as to raise the rod N by contact of the floatL therewith, in which position the chamber is filled with water. As this chamber is connected through pipe e, chamber F, and pipes fandb with the bowl, the water will gradually run out into the bowl, and if the proportions of the charnber E have been properly designed and placed for such purpose the bowl may be suficiently iilled thereby.

The pump by means of which the wateris drawn from outside the ship and discharged into the hopper is provided with an automatically-controlled valve, which is held closed by the pressure of water from the outside, but which is opened for the ingress of water by the action of the pump itself upon a piston connectedtherewith.l This valve and its method of control are clearly shown in Fig. 3. The piston D within the Iflu'shing-cylinder D is provided with a valve U2, and the lower end of the cylinder is also provided with a valve U. These valves may beof any usual ordesired construction. The supply of water to the cylinder D is through the pipe S and a passage X, which communicates between said pipe and the bottom of the cylinder. A valve V is placed in the supply connection, so that it is acted upon by the iiow of water to the pump so as to close the valve-that is, the valve closes toward the pump and pressure of water from outside acts to close the valve instead of to open it. This pressure maybe supplemented or displaced by the action of a spring. This valve is mounted upon a rod fu, to which is connected a piston fr', placed withinan auxiliary cylinder V. The end of this cylinder toward the valve V is connected with the suction or pump supplypassage X between the valve V and the pump, Vand the other end is connected by means of a very small passage X with the opposite or discharge end of the iiushing-cylinder D. The piston 1J' and the valve act as a diierential piston. Under normal conditions the pressure of water from the outside will act upon the valve V to close it. Any pressure of water which may leak past the valveV will act upon the piston o, so as to bring additional closing pressure upon the valve V. When, however, the piston D of the pump is raised to discharge water, this exerts a suctionupon the outer side of the auxiliary piston o', so as to force it outward, and thus to open the Valve V to admit an additional supply of water to the lower end of the pump.` By this device the valve is positively openedl during the suction movement of the pump roo,

and is normally closed by the pressure of the water from the outside,'so that the accidental opening of the valve in such manner as to permit leakage in large quantities is prevented. The necessity for opening a valve by hand in order to admit water to the pump is also prevented. The connection of the other or inner end of the auxiliary cylinder with the discharge end of the pump by the passage X permits water to flow in to till the space displaced by the movement of the piston. Making this passage small converts this end of the cylinder into a dash-pot, which will prevent the valve from closing quickly, so that it will not close between strokes of the pump. In order to be able to lock the valve V in place, so as to make everything secure, a screw-threaded stern W is provided, which may be screwed down so as to engage the rod fu, upon which the valve V is placed.

It will be understood that many of the features herein described in detail may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention-such, for instance, as the particular form of the pumps and the manner of operatin g them from the motor may be varied IIO by the substitution of any of the usual forms of construction adapted for similar purposes. The description of the mechanism herein given is intended only to describe the form which is now preferred by me.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In a water-closet, the combination with a bowl or basin, and means for supplying water to said bowl, of a discharge-pump, manuallyoperated means for starting said pump and means for subsequently controlling the operation of the pump consisting of'a by-pass connecting the supply with the discharge and containing a chamber having a larger inlet than outlet, and a float in said chamber.

2. The combination with a water-closet of a discharge mechanism therefor comprising a power-actuated pump having a suction connection with the bowl of the closet, and an automatic starting and stopping device for said pump controlled by the water-level in said bowl, and means for manually starting said motor.

3. The combination with the basin of a plumbing-fixture, of a power-operated pump having a suction connection with said basin and an automatic starting and stopping device for said pump controlled by the level of the water in the basin, and means for manually setting said motor in action.

4. The combination with a basin of a plumbing fixture and a discharging mechanism therefor, of a starting and stopping device for said mechanism comprising a chamber separate from said basin having a water-supply connection with the discharging mechanism, and a iioat in said chamber, adapted by its rise and fall to control the starting and stopping mechanism.

5. In a water-closet the combination with a pump connected with the closet bowl or basin to discharge it, a flushing-pump discharging into the bowl, and a motor connected to operate both pumps, of two sets of starting and stopping mechanisms for said motor, one set being fully automatic in its action and controlled by the level of water in the bowl, and the other set designed to be manually set in motion and containing a time-delayed automatic stopping device.

G. The combination with a water closet bowl, of a Iiushing-pump, a motor for operating the pump, a device for starting the motor, a vessel containing a iioat adapted to stop the motor when raised to a certain point, and a supply connection from said vessel to the pump.

7. The combination with a water closet bowl, of a iiushing-pump, a motor for operating the pump, a device for starting the motor, a vessel having a supply connection with said pump and asmaller drainage-outlet, and a float in said vessel adapted to stop the motor when it reaches a certain point.

S. The combination with a watercloset bowl, of a flushing-pump, a motor for operating the pump, a device for starting the n10- tor, an auxiliary or branch connection between the pump and discharge, and a hydraulically-operated delayed stopping device for said motor inserted in said branch.

9. The combination with a water -closet bowl, of a discharging device therefor, a hopper-flushing pump, a motor for operating the said devices, a device for starting the motor, a water-operated stopping device for said motor and a water-supply connection therefor from the flushing-pump.

10. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism for a water-closet, comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitable connection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, manually actuated means for starting the motor when desired, and a hydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having a supply connection with the flushing-pump.

1l. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism for a water-closet, comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitable connection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means for starting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having a supply connection with the flushing-pump and also having a drainageoutlet of a less capacity than the supply connection. l

l2. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism fora water-closet, comprising separate Bushing and discharging pumps having suitable connection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means for starting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having a supply connection with the flushing-pu mp and a drainage connection with the ydischarge-pump of less capacity than its supply connection.

13. An elevating discharge and iiushing mechanism for a water-closet, comprising separate iiushing and discharging pumps having suitable connection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means for starting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having a supply connection with the flushing pump and a drainage-outlet, and means for controlling the areas of said connections.

14. An elevating discharge and iiushing mechanism for a water-closet, comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitable connection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means for starting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having a supply connection with the flushing-pu mp and a drainage connection with the discharge-pump, and a controlling-valve for each of said connections.

l5. In a pump the combination with a cylin- IIO der and piston therein of a valve controlling the supply to said cylinder and opening in opposition to the flow of the supply, and hydraulically-operated opening means for said valve having operative connection with the pump suction.

16. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure, the combination with the pump-cylinder and valved piston therein, of a valve in the supply connection adapted to be closed by the pressure of said supply, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein connected with said valve, a pump supply connection with said auxiliary cylinder between its piston and connected valve, a check- Valve in said supply connection, and a permanent free connection between the discharge end of the pump-cylinder and tbe auxiliary cylinder on the opposite side of the piston from the supply or suction connection whereby the valve is opened by suction.

17. In apump the combination with a cylinder and piston, of a supply-controlling valve closing toward the cylinder, an auxiliary piston connected with and of alarger area than said valve, the opposite sides of said piston being connected respectively, one with the suction only and the other with the discharge only from the pump, whereby the tendency of both the suction and the discharge is to open said valve.

18. In a pump the combination witha cylinder and piston therein of a valve controlling the supply to said cylinder and opening in opposition to the flow ofthe supply, hydraulically-operated opening means for said valve having operative connection with the pump suction, and a dash-pot device acting to prevent closure of the valve between strokes.

19. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure the combination with the pump-cylinder and piston, of a valve in the supply connection and adapted to be closed by the pressure of said supply, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein connected with said valve, the end of said cylinder between the valve and piston being connected with the suction, and the other end of the cylinder having a restricted connection with the discharge and having no direct connection between opposite sides of the piston.

20. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure the combination with the pump-cylinder and piston, of a valve in the supply connection and adapted to be closed by the pressure of said supply, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein of a larger area than and connected with said valve, the end of said cylinder next said valve freely connecting with the suction end only of the pump and the opposite end of the cylinder having a restricted inlet and outlet passage whereby it acts as a dash-pot to prevent rapid seating of the valve.

21. The combination with a pump of a valve controlling the supply to said pump, a hydraulically-operated opening device for said valve having operative connection with the pump suction, and a retarding device acting upon said valve to prevent its rapid closing.

22. The combination with a pump, of a valve controlling the supply to said pump and opening in opposition to the flow of said supply, a hydraulically-operated opening device for said valve having operative connection with the pump suction, and a dash-pot connected with the valve to prevent rapid closing thereof.

23. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination with the pump-cylinder and piston, of a check-valve in the supply connection closing toward the pump, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein of larger diameter than the valve and connected with said valve, said auxiliary cylinder being connected with the pump suction between its piston and connected valve.

24. A con trolling-valve for pump-supply connections under pressure, comprising a check-valve closing with the pressure of the supply, an auxiliary cylinder, a piston therein of larger size than the valve and connected therewith, and connections from a point in said cylinder between the piston and valve to the pump-supply between the valve, and pump.

25. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination with the pump and i its piston, of a check-valve in the supply connection of said pump and closing toward the pump, an auxiliary or valve-opening cylinder and piston of larger size than and connected with the valve, the two ends ot' said cylinder being at no time connected, and connections from the end of said auxiliary cylinder between its piston and the check-valve to the pump suction between said check-valve and the pump.

26. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination with the pump and its piston, of a check-valve in the pump-supply and closing toward the pump, a valvecontrolling cylinder and piston of larger size than and connected with said check-valve, the two ends of the cylinder-.being at all times without direct connection, the end of the cylinder between its piston and the Valve forming a part of the pump suction, and connections from the other end of said cylinder with the pump-discharge.

27. A discharge mechanism for water-closets, comprising a discharge-pump, an auxiliary pump,a motor for operating said pumps, manually-actuated means for starting the motor, and an automatic stop for the motor actuated by the auxiliary pump and containing a delaying member.

JORDAN L. MOTT, JR.

Witnesses:

MAX GOEBEL, HENRY MOSFORD.

IIO

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