US710701A - Casing-perforator. - Google Patents

Description

w No. 7l0,70|. Patented Oct. 7, I902.

P. H. MACK.

CASING PEBFORATOR.

(Application filed July 30, .1901.)

(No Model.)

I/WIIIIIIIIII%%%/// UNrrnn STATES PATENT @FFICE.

PATRICK II. MACK, OF BRADFORD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO OIL IVELL SUPPLY COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO- RATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CASlNG-PERFORATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,701, d t d O t b 7, 1902.

Application filed July 30, 1901.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK H. MACK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casing-Perforators; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a View in elevation of a perforator embodying my invention and a sectional view of a portion of a tube or casing, showing the relative position of the parts while the tool is being lowered in the tube or casing to the point where the perforations are desired to be made. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the relation of the parts when the cutters have been expanded and the perforations have been made, the tool being in position to further out or slot the easing or tube. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section of that portion of the stock which contains the cutters, &c. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the stock on the line 4 4, Fig. Fig. 5 is a detached view of a portion of the stock, the cutters shown in dotted lines, one cutter in its lower or withdrawn position and the other in its upper or projected position. Fig. (5 is an enlarged detached View of the thrust-rod and its nuts. Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional View of the lower end of the thrust-rod, showing its latch in position. Fig. 8 is a top view of the friction device or spring carried by its thrust-rod. Fig. 9 is a group view showing the sliding cutter-block in elevation and in section and the cutter in side and in end elevation.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur.

My invention relates to the construction of that class of tools, commonly known as casin g-perforators, which are employed for perforating, cutting, and slotting casing and welltubing generally, such as is used in oil and other Artesian wells.

In Artesian and oil well drilling and operating it frequently becomes necessary to perforate, cut, or slot the casing at points at va- Serial No 70,265. (No model.)

riable distances below the top of the well-as, for instance, opposite the oil-bearing strata in oil-wells when for any reason it becomes necessary to case the well at that point, or opposi te the water-beari n g strata or water-veins in Artesian wells, or to permit the escape of closely-packed sand and silt which binds the casing where the tubing or casing is to be withdrawn from the well. For this purpose single-cutter tools have heretofore been devised; but their operation is slow, tedious, and expensive. tages, m ultiple-cutter tools have also been devised; but, so far as I am aware, the latter tools are more or less complicated, and consequently have not the strength to withstand the rough usage and rapid work required of and incident to the service of such a tool.

The object of my present invention, therefore,'is the production of a strong, simple, and efficient multiple-cutter casing-perforator adapted to withstanding rough usage and capable of rapid work.

To this end the main features of my present invention may be generally stated as follows: Embracing the combination with a cutter-stock of cutter-blocks disposed symmet rically around the axis of the stock in recesses having inclined bottoms and actuated by an axially-disposed thrust-rod provided with a friction-grip spring which engages the casing or tubing, all as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and particularly claimed.

In the drawings, A indicates a section of casing or tubing to be perforated, here shown for the purpose of illustrating the operation of my perforator, and B the stock of my device, which stock may be provided above with the threaded pin 1) for attaching the same to the jars or such other mechanism as may be used with the perforator.

The stock B is provided with a plurality of equally disposed longitudinal recesses 1, (preferably four in number,) which recesses have inclined bottoms 2, converging from above downward and toward the axis of the stock and terminating near the bottom of the stock in intersecting through-slots 3 3, which quarter the stock below, said slots being sub- To overcome such disadvan- I stantially the width of the cutter-block to be used, but slightly exceeding said width above, as at 3, to permit the passage of pins or lugs on the cutter-block.

In the parallel walls of the cutter-block recess, equidistant from and parallel with the inclined bottom of the cutter-block recess, are grooves or pinways 1 for the reception of pins projecting from the sides of the cutter-block. In the axis of the stock B at its lower end and extending into the slots 3 3 is an opening 4 for the reception and passage of a thrust-rod 7.

5 indicates a cutter-block, the number of which employed will correspond to the number of recesses therefor in the stock 13. In the present instance provision has been made for four. These cutter-blocks may be of a width corresponding to the width of the recesses 1 in the cutter stock B and are wedge-shaped or inclined upon one face to correspond to the inclined bottoms of the recesses 1 in the cutter-stock and preferably are of such depth or thickness that their outer surfaces will stand finsh with the periphery of the stock B when raised to their highest position in the stock. Said cutter-blocks are each provided near their upper ends with a pin 5 or an equivalent therefor, which projects on 'each side of the cutter-block and which enters the pinways 1 in the side walls of the block-recesses 1, and thus confines the cutterblock to the stock, though permitting it to slide freely up and down therein, and each of said blocks is also provided with a cutter or bit slot 5", which extends through the block and is countersunk on the inclined or inner face of the cutter-block (or that face which is next the inclined bottom 2 of the recess 1) for the reception of a detachable cutter or bit 6, having a head 6, which bears directly on the inclined bottom 2 of the recess 1 of stock B when the cutterblock 5 is in place. Said head 6 of the cutter or bit 6 also prevents the accidental displacement or loss of the cutter while in use.

7 indicates a thrust-rod which is carried loosely in the axial opening 4 at the bottom of stock B, its head or the nut 7, constituting the same, being within the slots 8 3 at their intersection and below the cutter-blocks 5,

(when the same are in position in the stock,) so that said cutter-blocks will be forced simultaneously and equally upward when the thrust-rod is forced into the stock B.

The lower end of the thrust-rod '7 is provided with a slot, in which is pivoted a springlatch 7". Threaded loosely on the thrust-rod is a friction or grip spring 8, one end of which is free and provided with an open slot 8 to permit the desired compression of the spring when the tool is to be raised or lowered in the tube-casing. v

The several elements of the perforator being of the general character hereinbefore pointed out, the same are assembled by first inserting the cutters or bits 6 in the cutter blocks, then passing the cutter-blocks 5 into the recesses 1 of the stocks B from below through the quartering-slots 3 3, the wide portion thereof, 3, permitting the passage of the pins 5 into the pinways 1, next inserting the thrust-rod 7 and its spring-latch in the axial opening aim the bottom of stock B and securing the same by the head or nut 7, which is introduced through the slot 3, and finally slipping the friction-spring 8 on the thrustrod 7 below the stock and securing it there by means of the bottom nut 7 on the thrustrod. Both the top nut 7 and bottom nut 7 of the thrust-rod may be locked by pins or rivets, as indicated on the drawings.

The parts constituting the perforator having been assembled as specified, the frictionspring Sis raised above the latch 7 in the lower end of the thrust-rod 7, and the tool is ready to be lowered to the desired point in the casing or tubing in the usual manner and by the usual means.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the relative position of the parts is shown when the tool has been lowered to the desired point in the casing or tubing. In order to project the cutters, the stock B, Fig. 1, is drawn up, carrying with it the thrust-rod 7 which rises through the friction-spring 8 until the latch 7 of the thrust-rod passes the lower loop of the friction-spring, (see Fig. 2,) at which time the lower end of the stock B will be some distance above the upper loop of the friction-spring 8. The stockB is now forced down again to contact with the friction-spring 8, (which friction-spring 8 has by its grip on the inner walls of the tube A retained its original position therein,) and as the thrust-rod 7 is held up by its latch 7 which rests above the lower loop of the friction-spring 8, the upper end of said thrust-rod 7 is forced axially up into the stock B, carrying with it the cutter-blocks 5 5, which, moving on the inclined bottoms 2 of recesses 1 of the stock, are forced out laterally (or the cutters expanded) until the easing or tubing is perforated at the desired point, after which the tool may be forced farther down if it is desired to slot the pipe longitudinally.

In order to raise or withdraw the tool, all that is necessary is to apply the properforce to overcome the grip of the friction-spring 8 on the walls ofthe casing, as the upward movement of the stock B permits the thrustrod to sink in the stock and the cutter-blocks to recede to their lowest or Withdrawn position, as indicated in Fig. 1 and left-hand dotted lines, Fig. 5.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a casing-perforator, the combination with a stock having a longitudinal cutterblock recess provided with an inclined bottom and pinways in its walls parallel with said bottom, said cutter-block recess being said cutter-block recesses, and an-aXially-disintersected by a radially-disposed slot of posed thrust-rod opening, of an equal numslightly-greater width at a given point, of a ber of cutter-blocks, and a thrust-rod com- 15 cutter-block provided with laterally-projectmon to all of said cutter-blocks, substantially 5 ing pins, substantially as and for the puras and for the purposes specified.

poses specified. In testimony whereof I affix my signature, 2. In a casing-cutter, the combination with in presence of two witnesses, this 25th day of a cutter-stock, having four symmetrically-ar- July, 1901. ranged cutter-block recesses disposed around 10 its axis, said recesses having inclined bottoms l Vitnesses:

which converge from above downward, and WVALTER R. SHAW, provided with a quartering-slot intersecting R. GO'E.

PATRICK H. MACK.

Images