US710311A - Electromagnetic device for controlling the rotation of shafts. - Google Patents

Description

No. 710,3". 1 Painted Sept. 30,1902.

- P. v. AVRIL.

' aLscTnon'Acm-znc DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE noun ou or SHAFTS.

(Appliclbion filed Apr. 29, 1901.) '(u Model.) a Sheets$heet 1,

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. P; v. AVRIL. ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CUNTRULLING THE ROTATION 0F SHAFTSQ (Application filed Am. 29, I901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 y lo lmdgal I lll I It vzrins co. rumour Patented Sept. 30, I902.

P. V. AVRIL. ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE ROTATION OF SHAFTS.

A nmimi filed Apr. 29, 1901.)

3 Sheets-$heel 3.

(Ila Model.)

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PAUL VICTOR AVRIL, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND LA SOCIETE MARINIER, NAVOIT ET JEANSON, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE ROTATION OF SHAFTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,311, dated September 30, 1902.

Application filed April 29, 1901. $e1ialNo. 58,05l. (No model.)

To all whom i may c lt/ 7%: In front of the poles of each group of elec- Be it known that I, PAUL VICTOR AVRIL, tromagnets are arranged armature-disks f engineer, a citizen of the French Republic, and g, mounted loosely on the shaft (b. Each residing at Paris, France, (and having postarmature-disk may consist of a pulley, a office address Quai des Grands-Augustins, spur-wheel, or the like for transmitting mo- 55 in the said city of Paris,) have invented certion, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, where the tain new and useful Improvements in Elecarmature-disksfgare represented as grooved tromagneticDevicesforControllingthe Rotapulleys. 'lhese armature-disks or pulleys, tion of Shafts, of which the following is a which may or may not be of the same diame- IO specification. ter, are rotated in opposite directions direct This invention relates to electromagnetic from any suitable prime mover or by a coundevices by means of which a shaft may be roter-shaft. (Not shown.) In Fig. 1 a secondary tated in either direction and the direction of shaft h is shown, carrying two grooved pulrotation readily reversed. leys adapted to be connected to the said ,ar- 15 The nature of this invention will be better mature-disks by means of belts, these latter defined and more clearly understood by the not shown. following description with reference to the On the shaft a isadisk t, of insulating maannexed drawings, which illustrate several terial, on the periphery of which are two constructions and application of the said strips of conducting met-alj and 7c, insulated 2o electromagnetic controlling device. from each other and upon which is adapted Figures 1 and 2 denote front and side eleto bear two stationary contacts at and a, con vations, respectively, of myimproved device. nected to contact-pieces or a switch 0, the Fig. 3 is an elevation of the contact for imarm of which switch is connected to one pole parting to the shaft alternate rotations of a of a source of electricity 1), while the other 25 very slight extent. Figs. at and 5 are front pole is connected, by means of conductors q and side elevations, respectively, of a modiand r, to the two groups of electromagnets (Z lied form of my device. Fig. 6 is an elevae, to which are also connected the two strips tion of a modified form of contacts for obof metalj 7.; on the disk of insulating matetaining rotation of the shaft in one direction. rial. All the electrical connections are dia 30 Figs. 7 and S are side and front elevations of grammatically shown in Fig. 2. the device for imparting annular displace- If one of the electric circuits be closed by ments to the shaft. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are means of the switch 0, the corresponding a side elevation, a sectional detail, and a plan, electromagnet attracts its armature, and the respectively, of the current-controlling deshaft a, on whichitismounted, will be caused 35 vice used in connection with the construction to rotate in one direction. Let us suppose shown in Figs. 8 and 9. that circuit being kept closed through one of A shaft (6, Figs. 1 and 2, mounted in suitthe stripsj or 70, the shaft a rotates in the diable bearings, has keyed on it two disks of rection indicated by the arrows, and let us magnetizable metal I) and c, carrying between close the circuit on the stationary contact 'n 40 them two groups of electromagnets cl 6. The that is to say, on the strip 7t. 0 cores of one group (Z of these magnets pro- The shaft a is withdrawn until the point of ject beyond disk I), while the cores of the separation of the stripsj and 7. which is beother group 6 project beyond the other disk low the contact m, is coming under the conc. These cores are magnetically insulated tact a. If in consequence of the momentum 5 from the disks Z) or 0, beyond which they exacquired the shaft a keeps on rotating, the 5 tend and constitute two horseshoe-magnets. other strip j comes in contact with the other Each set of electromagnets is included in a stationary contact 7t and the circuit through separate circuit, both circuits capable of bethe first strip 7; is broken and completed ing connected to one and the same source of through the other strip j. The shaft a will 50 electricity. be rotated in the opposite direction; but as the stripj leaves immediately the stationary contact 02 this reverse motion is very limited and the shaft a is brought to rest. If then the circuit through the first stationary contact m be closed, the shaft to is rotated until the gap separating the strips j and 7t comes again in contact with the fixed contact or. The partial rotation of the shaft a is thus limited according to the distance between the stationary contacts on and n.

The switch 0 may be replaced byany other suitable device moved by hand or automatically for supplying current alternately to one or the other of the stationary contacts m or n.

The switch 0 and the two stationary contacts m it may be replaced by single movable contact, Fig. 3, pivotally attached to an arm m, pivoted on the axis y. In the position of rest the extremity o of the arm 00 engages with the gap between the two contact-strips j and on the disks, but touches neither of them. When the arm m is caused by suitable means to oscillate in one or the other direction of the arrow 2, the movable contact o comes into contact with one or other of the strips j and Z0, thereby closing the circuit of the corresponding electromagnet. The shaft to is thus rotated until the oscillating arm 00 is brought back to its position of rest. As soon as the contact 7; is brought in contact with the other strip the shaft (2, is rotated in the opposite direction.

In the modification, Figs. 4 and 5, the groups of electromagnets d and e are fixed to the disk of insulating material i, which is keyed on the shaft a, and the armatures 1 and 2 of the magnets constitute pawls, which when the electromagnets are energized engage, respectively, with ratchet-wheels 3 and 4, mounted loosely on the shaft a and which revolve in opposite directions. The oscillating contact 1;, hereinbefore described, may be used in connection with this arrangement of Fig. 3.

By providing three stationary contacts, as shown in Fig. 6, rotation may be imparted to the shaft a in one direction.

By closing the circuit on the contact 5, for example, the set of electromagnets d (1 will be excited, and, as explained with reference to Figs. 2 and 3, the shaft a and the disk which carries the contact-stripsj and k are caused to rotate as long as the electromagnets are excited-say as long as the switch closes the circuit on the contact 5'. When the gap 8 between the strips j and 75 comes under the contact 5,the mechanism is stopped. If the contact be closed on 6, the same set of electromagnets d is excited, (because the stripj is in contact with 6 and (1,) and the rotation goes on in the same direction until the gap 8 comes under the said contact 6. If now the contact be closed on 7, the same set of electromagnets cl remains excited, (because the stripj is in contact with 7 and d,) and the rotation of the shaft goes on in the same direction until the gap 8 comes under the contact 7 and the mechanism is stopped. By reversing the direction of the switchsay by closing the contact on 6the second set of electromagnets is excited and the shaft will turn in the reversed direction, and so on until the gap 8 is returned under the contact 5, which occurs when the switch has been replaced on the first contact.

To cause the shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, it is only necessary in case of Fig. 6 to close and open the circuits through the stationary contacts in the reverse order.

Figs. 7to 11 illustrate means for controlling the movable contact 41, (referred to in Figs. 3, 4, and 5,) by which a desired angular displacement can be imparted to the shaft a.

Instead of the contact pivoted to the arm, as hereinbefore described, thecontacto is pivotally attached to a ratchet-wheel 9, Figs. 7 and 8, keyed 011 a shaft 10 or spindle arranged coaxially with the shaft to be rotated and carrying a second ratchet-wheel 11, the teeth of which are arranged in the opposite direction to that of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 9. These two ratchet-wheels may be driven in opposite direction through the medium of driving-pawls 12 and 13, forming the armatures of two electromagnets 14 15, mounted on a fixed support. The electromagnet 14 is connected by a wire 16 to a source of electricity p and by another wire 17 to a rubbing contact-piece 18, Fig. 9, of a current-controlling device 0, Figs. 9, 10, and 11. The other electromagnet 15 is connected bya wire 19 to the source of electricityp and by another wire 20 to a rubbing contact 21, Fig. 9. The rubbing contact-pieces 18 and 21 bear on twoinsulated rings 22 23, to which are attached the two wires 24 and 25, connected to the terminals 26 and 27, respectively. A third rubbing contact-piece 28, connected by a wire'29 to the source of electricity 1), bears on an arbor 30, carrying a toothed disk 31, having the same number of teeth as in each of the ratchetwheels 9 and 11. An arm 32, of insulating material, capable'of being rotated on the said arbor 30 by means of a handle 33, carries the terminals 26 27.

The handle 33 is insulated from the arbor 30 and carries a contact-piece 34, which moves in front of the periphery of the toothed disk 31. Let us suppose the handle 33 is brought in contact with the terminal 27 and while in this position the contact 34 on the handle bears on a tooth on the disk 31. In this case the current flows through the wire 29 to the rubbing contact 28, then through the arbor 30 and toothed disk 3l,whence it flows through the contact 34 on the arm of insulating material and handle 33 to the terminal 27, then through the wire 25 to the ring 23 and through the rubbing contact-piece 21 and wire 20 to one of the eleetromagnets 15, Figs. 7 and 8, and finally back to the source of electricity through the wire 19. The armature 13 being attracted moves the ratchet-wheel 11 in connection therewith one tooth and remains in engagement until the handle 33 is moved so as to bring the contact 3% opposite a spacein the periphery of the toothed disk 31. The armature 13 is then brought back to its first position by a spring 35. If the rotation of the handle is continued in that direction in which this handle remains in contact with the terminal 27, the circuit will be alternately closed and broken through the electromagnet 15 and the ratchet-Wheel 11 will be moved a tooth each time. The spindle 10, on which the ratchet-wheel 9 is mounted, takes part in this mot-ion, as well as the movable contact b, attached to the said ratchetwheel S); but this contact could be keyed directly on the spindle 10. To cause the arbor 10 to rotate in the opposite direction, it is only necessary to turn the handle in the direction to make contact with the order-terminal 26.

Each time one of the ratchet-wheels 9 and 11 is moved one tooth the movable contact 1; comes in contact with either one or the other of strips j or 713. The rotation of the shaft a, arranged coaxial with the spindle carrying the ratchetwvheels, takes place in one direction or the other through the medium of one of the electromagnetic mechanisms illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5. The extent of rotation of the said shaft a is equal to that imparted to the spindle 10 and is effected through the medium of armatures 12 and 13, actuating the ratchet-wheels 9 and 11. By suitably manipulating the controlling device 0 any required extent of rotation can be imparted to the spindle 10 and to the coaxially-arranged shaft- (L.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what manner the same maybe carried into effect, I declare that what I claim is- 1. The combination with a shaft adapted to be be operatively connected to a prime mover, and an electromagnetic device carried by the shaft and adapted when energized to connect the shaft with the prime mover to cause the operation of said shaft, of adisk mounted upon said shaft, contact strips carried thereby, means engaging the said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and deenergizing said magnetic device to control the movement of the said shaft, and electrical connections between said means, magnetic device and source of electrical energy.

2. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to a prime mover, and an electromagnetic device carried by the shaft and adapted when energized to connect the shaft with the prime mover to cause the operation of said shaft, of a disk mounted upon said shaft, contact-strips carried thereby, amovable cont-act engaging the said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuitfor energizing and decncrgizing said mag netic device to control the movement of the said shaft, and electrical connections between said movable contact, magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

The combination with a shaft ad apted to be operatively connected to a prime mover, of an electrical magnetic device carried by the shaft and adapted when energized to connect the shaft with the prime mover to cause its operation, a disk mounted upon said shaft, contact-strips secured to the periphery of said disk a suitable distance apart, means engaging the said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and (teenergizing said magnetic device to control the movement of said shaft, and electrical connections between said means, magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

4. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to a prime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft and comprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft, said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armature of the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-strips carried thereby, means engaging with said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and deenergizing said magnetic device to control the movement of said shaft and to connect said shaft with the said prime mover to cause the operation of the shaft, and electrical connections between said means, magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

5. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to a prime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft and comprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft, said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armature of the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-strips carried thereby, a movable contact engaging with said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and deenergizing said magnetic device to control the movement of said shaft and to connect said shaft with the said prime mover to cause the operation of the shaft, and electrical connec tions between said movable contact, magnetic device and a source of electrical energy.

6. The combination with a shaft adapted to be operatively connected to a prime mover, of an electromagnetic device supported by said shaft and comprising in its construction a disk loosely mounted upon the shaft, said disk suitably connected to a prime mover and forming the armature of the magnetic device, a disk fixed to said shaft, contact-strips secured to the periphery of said disk a suitable distance apart, means engaging with said strips for making and breaking an electrical circuit for energizing and deen'ergizing said i In testimony whereof I have hereunto set magnetic device to control the movement of i my hand in presence of two subscribing Witsaid shaft and to connect said shaft with the nesses.

said prime mover to cause the operation of PAUL VICTOR AVRIL. 5 the shaft, and electrical connections between Witnesses:

said means, magnetic device and a source of EDWARD P. MAOLEAN,

electrical en ergy. i EMILE KLOTZ.

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