US706430A - Apparatus for making carbon-black. - Google Patents

Description

No. 706,430. PatentedAug. 5, IB02.

Y Y J. n. MANN.

APPARATUS FDR MAKING CARBON BLACK.

(Application tiled Apr. 26. 1901.0

No.`706,430. A PaenteAug.` 5

"J. H. MANN. APPARATUS FDH MAKING CARBON BLACK.

(Applicltiou tiled Apr. 26, 1901.)

2 Sheets-'Sheet 2.

(No lllodef.)

9999999999Eo A V9999999999 fawn/fm `z of apparatus for carrying my invention into effect, the invention may be said to be char- 3 5 collectors are scrapers, which operate to free 4 UNITED STATES? 4PATENT OEEICE.

JOHN HENERY MANN, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CASTLE BROOK CARBON BLACK COMPANY, OF WILLIAMSPORT, PENN- sYLvANIA.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CARBON-BLACK.

sPEcrrrcATIoN forming part of Leners Patent No. 70 6,430. dated August 5, 1902- Appiication sied April 26,1901. serial No. 57,567. maman.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that'I, JOHN HENERY MANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meadville, in the county of Crawford and State of 5 Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Making Carbon-Black, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is in a simple, rapid, and thoroughly practicable manner to 1o produce the maximum amount of carbonblack from a minimum quantity of gas and to effect saving of practically all of the carbon-black produced. 4 t

The accomplishments ofthe objects above stated are effected through the particular manner of arrangement of the gas-burners with relation to the carbon-collectors, by the peculiar construction of the carbon-collectors, by causinga constant upward movement zo of the products of combustion and elimination therefrom of any contained carbon and its conservation before escape from the apparatus.

Generally stated and-as defining one form acterized by carbon-collectors combined with a suitable gas-supply, the carbon-collectors to be of such construction as to obviate re- 3o tardation of iiame from the'gas-burners,

while at the same time presenting the greatest obtainable surface in a comparatively small area for catching and retaining the carbon-black. Combined with the carbonthe surfaces impinged by the gas from the deposited carbon-black. As a matter of spe-` ciiic improvement the gas-service pipes andk the carbon-collectors are to` be spaced apart 4o such distances as will be requisite to afford free passage of air between these parts, to permit the carbon detached from the collectors to drop to the conveyer, and also to permit movement of the air through the apparatus, thereby to carry toward the roof of the apparatus the products of combustion. To intensify this upward current of the products of combustion, there are associated with the carbon-collectors on euach side thereof 5o perforated partitions through which the products of combustion travel, and against these partitions or deflectors a portionof the carbon-black not caught by the carbon-collectors will be deposited, thus elfecting a second conserving of the escaping carbon. From the partitions the products of combustion pass upward to the top of the apparatus and are here caused to impinge against collecting-cylinders, wherea third conserving of any carbon-black contained in the prod- 6o ucts 4of combustion is effected, and combined with the collecting-cylinders and above the same is a screen through which the products of combustion must pass ontheir passage to the exit, and at this screen the final conserv- 65 ing of any small particles of carbon that have thus far escaped retention iseected. By the successive carbon-eliminating treatment to which the products of combuston are subjected it will be seen that practically all, if 7o not all, of the carbon is removed from the products of combustion, so that with a given quantity of gas the highest possible amount of carbon-black will be produced, and this will be found of the highest and finest grade.

Further and more specific points of novelty and advantages accruing from the employment of the apparatus herein illustrated will hereinafter be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a `part of this specification, and in which like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts, I have illustrated a form of apparatus capable of carrying my procedure into effect, it being understood that the apparatus herein displayed may be changed as to arrangement, proportion, and general shape of the parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and in these drawings- 9o Figure l is-a view in sectional elevation of an apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view in Vertical transverse section. Fig. 3 is a detached de- 4tail view of one of the deiiecting plates or 95 partitions. Fig. 4 is'an enlarged detail `sectional View of a pair of adjacent carbon-collectors. Fig. 5 is a detached detail view in perspective, exhibiting one of the scraperbearings and a section of the T- rail upon 10o of collection.

which it is mounted. Fig. 6 is a View in elevation, partly in section, of one of the'scrapers complete. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective View showing the scraper or knife detached from its supporting-arm.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates generally the casing of the apparatus, the same being constructed of any suitable material, as metal, and provided throughout its length and near its lower portion with a hopper 2, in which works a conveyer-Worm 3, one end of the hopper being provided with a chute 4, down which the carbon escapes to a place The shaft of the worm is suitably journaled in the framework of the casing and carries at one end a beveled gear 5,

. with which meshes asimilar gear 6, receiving motion from any suitable source of power, (not shown,) the shafts 7, carrying the carbon-collectors, being similarly driven through gearsS and 9. The driving mechanism for only one of the shafts 7 is shown herein, it being lnderstood that this mechanism will be duplicated for the other shaft, and as this will be readily understood detailed illustration is deemed unnecessary. To present suitable supports for the actuating-gears 5, 6, 8,

and 9, the casing is extended on one side, as shown at 10, for this purpose, so that the gears will be upon the outside of the casing proper, and thus free from any accumulation of carbon. Upon a cross-sill 11 at each end of the casing are secured two plates 12, carrying the gas-service burner-pipes 13, these being arranged in this instance in groups Vof three below each of the series of carbon-collectors and practically in the arc of a circle, so that the flames will conform to the periphery of the carbon-collectors,and thereby cause even'deposit thereon of carbon from the series of burners. The service-pipes extend out through one side of the casing, as shown through Fig. 1, and lead to any source of supply, either coal-gas or hydrocarbon gas, as may be preferred.

The carbon-collectors 14, which constitute one of the salient and most important features of the presenty invention, consist each of a wheel havinga wedge-shaped or angular periphery or face, as shown in Fig. 4, each wheel by preference comprising a hub 15, to

v be keyed or otherwise secured toone of the shafts 7, a wedge-shaped face or carbon-collecting surface 16, and spokes or spiders 17, connecting the face or rim with the hub. It will here be noted that each carbon-collecting wheel has two dat collecting-surfaces which are separated by the intermediate flange formed by the in tersection of these surfaces, said flange forming a llame splitting or deilecting device, as will appear hereinafter. As here shown, the parts of these carbon-collectorscare integral; but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to this precise constructiomas the hub and spokes may be cast in one piece and the rim or face secured thereto as a separate element, or the collectors may be made in three or more parts and be suitably assembled. As shownin Fig. 4, one end of the hub terminates Hush at one side of the carboncollector and the other end projects some distance beyond the same. The object for providing the elongated portion of the hub is to present a ready means by which either a set-screw or key may be positioned for holding the collectors on the shafts and also to space the several Wheels at regular intervals, as each wheel bears against the projected hub portion of the next adjacent wheel. The gas-burners are arranged in line with the edge of the carboncollectors, so that the flame from the burners in impinging the carbon-collectors is split or divided, thereby permitting uninterrupted escape or passage of the flame past the collectors, the collectors being spaced apart onl the shaft at such distances as will be calcu- I lated to effect the best updraft.

Extending longitudinally of the casing and bolted to the under side of cross-pieces 1S is a T-rail 19, (clearly shown in Fig. 5,) whereon are secured bearings 20 for the Scrapers 21. The bearings 20 each comprise a plate bolted to the T-rail, the plate carrying four lugs or projections 22, suitably spaced apart and carryingjournals23 for the scraper. Thescraper (shown partially in section in Fig. 6) comprises an arm 24, having at one end a slotted head 25, the slot to engage one of the journals 23, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The other end of the arm carries a scraper 26, the same being in elevation of an inverted-V shape and at its front edge provided with chisel scraping edges 27 to bear upon the wedge-shaped face of the carbon-collector to remove therefrom the carbon as deposited. To facilitate removal of the scraper or blade 26 from the scraper-arm when it becomes necessary to sharpen the same, the scraper is secured to the arm by a screw or bolt 28, one only being shown in this instance, although it is to be understood that two or more may be em-y ployed, if necessary. By providing the head 25 with the slot for engaging the journals 23 t-he scraper-arm may be readily detached from the bearing when a scraper is to be repaired, thereby obviating the necessity for removing the journals or the bearing-plate, which would be necessary were the connection between the scraper-arm and the journals an ordinary pivot connection. The scraper-arm carries a weight 29, arranged on a projection 30, inclined toward the knife, this Weight to be sufflcient to cause operative coaction between a scraper and the carbon-collector to effect perfect removal of the carbon therefrom. As here shown, the scraper-arm, weight, and projection are all integral; but it is to be understood that they may be made in separate parts and assembled; but from a standpoint of simplicity and cheapness the arrangement exhibited will be generally employed.

The. essential object of employing a plurality of comparatively small carbon-collecting IOC) IIO

wheels having individual pivotal Scrapers in coperative relation to the respective wheels is to overcome the defects incident to a long continuous cylinder, which becomes warped or uneven under the influence of the heat, and thus it is impossible for the scrapers to effectually scrape all portions of a cylinder, thereby losing a considerable quantity of the carbon-black. V

Depending from longitudinal beams or braces 3l on each side of the casing are deflecting plates or partitions 32, the same being constructed of a sheet of metal provided with numerous perforations 33. The bottom edge of` each -plate is recessed, as at 34 and 35, the two rst-named recesses being provided to permitthe partitions to be passed over theshafts 7 `and the last-named recess to pass over the T-rail I9. These plates depend a sufficient distance below the carbon-collectors so as. to separate the wheels and the burners and also to act as directors to guide the jets of gas against the faces of the carbon-collectors, there being one of these plates on each side of each of the collectors.

Above the deflecting-plates and extending from side to side of the casing are three series of collecting cylinders or tubes, (numbered, respectively, 36, 37, and 38,) the cylinders 36 being the smallest and arranged'contiguous to the space formed by two of the deiiecting plates or partitions 32. The other series of collecting-cylinders are of much greatersize-say two or three times greater in diameter than the cylinders 36-all ofthe cylinders being open at both ends to permit of the passage of cold air therethrough. The lowest series of cylinders constitute what I term breakers, as it is against these that the upgoing currents of products of combustion impinge, are momentarily retarded, and then split and deflected toward the other two series of cylinders.

Arranged above the upper series of cylinders and contiguous thereto is a screen 39,`

suitably supported in position and extending from side to side and end to end of the casing, and just above the screen there are provided under the eaves of the roof 40 of the casing'escape-passages 4l. (Clearly shown in Fig. 2.) t

The operation of the device is as follows: The burners being lighted, the `flames of the jets immediately impingethe carbon-collectors and, a's stated, are split and pass up around both sides of the same and between the deflecting-plates 32. The bulk of carbon is caught by the wedge-shaped faces of the carbon-collectors and is removed by the Scrapers 26 and dropped between theservice-pipes 13` into the hopper, whence it is removed by the worm 3 to the chute 4. The products ot' combustion escaping around the carbon-collectors pass upward and through in a tortuous manner the openings in the deecting-plates, and against these plates a small per cent. of the carbon contained in the products of combustion is deposited, whence it may from time to time be removed. The products continue passing upward and out of the chambers formed by the partitions and impinge upon the lower series of cylinders or breakers 36, where further elimination of carbon takes place, and from these pass upward tothe succeeding series of cylinders or condensers 37 38, where practically all of the carbon is eliminated and caught on these surfaces, adherence thereto of the carbon-black being facilitated by reason of the fact that the cylinders are cold. Any small per cent. of carbon escaping these last separating steps is caught and retained by the screen 39, and from time to time, as requisite, the carbon may be removed from the series of` cylinders and the screen. After passing through the screen the products of combustion pass out through the escape-passages Lllunder the eaves of the roof of the casing.

The carbon-collectors, as herein exhibited, rotate in opposite directions, (in thisinstance toward each other,) so that the two series of scraper-s may be held for operation by a single support; but it is to be understood that I `do not limit my invention to this precise ar-` rangement, as the carbon-collectors may be driven in the same direction, `in which case the Scrapers would have to be arranged on two separate supports. Generally, however, the arrangement shown will be preferred onA account of effectiveness in operation and reduction in the number of parts of the apparatus.

I have found in practice that `by the successive carbon-conserving steps to which the products of combustion are subjected, as heretofore pointed out, all or practically all of the carbon-black is saved, so that it will be apparent that with a minimum quantity of gas the maximum amount of high-grade carbonblack will be produced.`

As before intimated, an apparatus constructed on the lines herein given would perform the functions designed; but it being obvious'that in actual practice changes in many of the ordinary parts would often take place it is to be understood, therefore, that I do not limit myself to the structure and arrangement of parts herein shown, as it will be ob- TOO IIO

vious that even pronounced changes in the having wedge-shaped peri pheries.

3. In an apparatus for making carbonblacik, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a series of vertically-disposed rotary carbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, and deflector-plates arranged in the spaces between the collectors.

4. In anapparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a series of vertically-disposed rotary carbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, and perforated deiiector-plates arranged in the spaces between the collectors.

5. In an apparatus for `making carbonblack, the combination with a series of gasservce burner-pipes, of a horizontally-disposed shaft arranged above the pipes and carrying vertically disposed carbon collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, and deflector-plates arranged between f the collectors.

6. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a` horizontally-disposed shaft, wedge-faced carbon-collectin g wheels carried by the shaft and spaced apart thereon, and

Scrapers coacting with the wheels.

` 7. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, a horizon tally-disposed shaft, carbon-collectingwheels carried by the shaft and spaced apart thereon, and having ywedgeshaped peripheries, and weighted Scrapers having chiselscraping edges to coact with the wheels.

8. In an apparatus for making carbon# black, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed rotatable shaft, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by and spaced apart upon lthe shaft to permit a passage of air between the same, a support located adjacent to the shaft, and relatively fixed weighted Scrapers independently mounted on the support in cooperative relation with the respective wheels,

for the purpose described.

`9. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a series of gas-service burner-pipes, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels arranged above said pipes and spaced apart on the shaft and having wedge-shaped peripheries, and scrapers shaped to conform to the peripheries of and to coact with the collecting-wheels.

l0. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a series of gas-service burner-pipes, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels arranged above said pipes and spaced apart on the shaft and having wedge-shaped peripheries, andA weighted Scrapers having chisel scraping edges shaped to conform to the peripheries of and to coact with the collecting-wheels.

1l. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft tov permit passage of air between them, Scrapers coacting with the collecting-wheels and shaped to conform to the peripheries thereof, and perforated def Hector-plates arranged in the spaces between the collecting-wheels.

l2. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbonproducing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft, deectorplates arranged in the spaces between the Wheels, and collecting-cylinders arranged above the spaces between the deiectors.

13. In an apparatus for'making carbonblack, the combination of carbon-producing means, a horizontal shaft carrying carboncollecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft tol permit passage of air between them, Scrapers coacting with the carbon-collecting wheels, perforated deiector-plates arranged in the spacesv between the collecting-wheels, and collecting-cylinders arranged above the de- {lector-plates.

14. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of carbon-producing means, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart thereon to permit passage of air between them, Scrapers coacting with the carbon-collecting wheels, perforated deflector-plates arranged in the spaces between the said wheels, and

Yopen ended collecting cylinders arranged above the deiiector-plates.

15. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of carbon-producing means, carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, scrapers coacting with the carbon-collecting wheels, perforated deiiector-plates arranged in the spaces between the wheels, open-ended collecting-cylinders arranged above the deflector-plates, and a screen arranged above the upper series of collecting-cylinders.

16. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of two shafts, each carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft to permit passage of air between them, and being rotated in opposite direc- IIO i tions, that is to say toward each other, scrapers coacting with the wheels, perforated deflector-plates arranged in the spaces between the wheels, open-ended collecting-cylinders arranged above the deilecting-cylinders, and a screen arranged above the upper series of collecting-cylinders.

17. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a pair of substantially horizontal rotatable shafts, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by and rotatable with the shafts and separated by interspaces, carbon-producing burners disposed transversely of the shafts and located beneath the respective wheels,.a support located between the shafts, and a series of independent weighted Scrapers, one for each wheel, carried by the support and in frictional engagement with the respective wheels.

I8. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a pair of substantially horizontal rotatable shafts, carbon-collecting wheels mounted upon and rotatable with the shafts and separatedby interspaces, carbon-producing burners arranged in groups transversely of `the shafts and beneath the respective wheels,

a support extending longitudinally between the shafts, and a series of individually-movable weighted scrapers,one for each wheel, and having their lower ends pivotally mounted upon the support and their upper portions inclined upwardly and outwardly and in frictional engagement with the respective col lecting-Wheels.

19. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a series of gas-service burner-pipes suitably spaced apart, a horizontal shaft carrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart upon the shaft, collecting-wheels arranged in the spaces between the collecting-wheels, and a plurality of series of open-ended collecting-cylinders arranged above the deiiectors, the lowest series of cylinders being the smallest and constituting breakers operating initially to retard the currents of the products-of combustion and then to direct such currents against the remaining series of collecting-cylinders.

20. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a series of gas-service burner-pipes suitably spaced apart, carbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, perforated deliectorplates arranged on each side of the carboncollectors, series of open-ended collecting-cylinders `arranged above the defiectors, the lower series of cylinders being the smallest, and constituting breakers operating initially to retard the currents of the products of coinbustion and then direct them against the remaining series of collectingcylinders,a screen arranged above the upper series of collectingcylinders,and escape-passages arranged above the screen.

21. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a suitably-inclosed casing, a hopper formed in the bottom thereof, a worm mounted in the lower portion of the hopper and operating to feed material to a chute arranged at one end of the hopper, carbon-collectors arranged within the casing and rotating in opposite directions, a series of gas-service burner-pipes arranged in a hori zontal plane below the collectors and disposed in the arc of a circle with relation thereto, the collectors and gas-pipes being spaced apart to permit passage of air between them and valso the deposition of carbon from the col-l lectors past the pipes and into the hopper, Scrapers coacting with the carbon-collectors, perforated deilector-plates arranged on each side of the carbon-collectors, a plurality of series of open-,ended collecting-cylinders arranged above the deilectors,a screen arranged above the upper series of cylinders, and escape-passages formed in the roof of the casing adjacent to the screen.

22. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a closed casing having its lower portion formed into a hopper provided at one end of the chute, a worm working inthe hopper, a series of gas-service burner-pipes supported in horizontal position upon `cross-sills within the casing, shafts carrying carbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, the actuating mechanism for the worm and for the carbon-collectors being on the exterior of the casing, thereby to protect such mechanism from an accumulation of carbonblack,scrapers coacting with the carbon-collectors, perforated deflector-plates arranged on each side ofthe carbon-collectors, open ended collecting cylinders arranged above the deflectors, a screen arranged above the upper series of the cylinders, and escapepassages formed in the roof of the casing adjacent to the screen.

23. In an apparatus for making carbon black, the combination of carbon-producing means, and a vertically-disposed carbon-collecting Wheel, the rim of which is formed with two opposite fiat carboncollecting surfaces, and a peripheral flame-dividing projection located at the junction of the carbon-collecting surfaces, the carbon-producing means bef ing in alinement with the flame-dividing projection to direct the flame to opposite sides thereof andinto cooperative relation with the carbon-collecting surfaces.

24. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a vertically-disposed rotatable carbon-collecting wheel, having its rim beveled inwardly from its opposite edges to provide opposite flat carbon-collectingsurfaces, the pointed intersection of these faces forming a peripheral name-dividing projection or partition.

25. In an apparatus for makingr carbon-r IOO IIO

carbon-collecting wheels and projected downwardly below the latter and toward the carbonproducing means, and also projected above the wheels.

26. In an apparatus for making carbon'- black, the combinationl with carbon-producing means, of a plurality of vertically-disposed rotatable carbon-collecting Wheels located above the carbon-producing means and separated by interspaces, vertical partitions in the interspaces and projected above and below the carbon-collecting wheels, and secondary carbon-collectors located above the Wheels and opposite the spaces between the respective partitions.

27. In an lapparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of carbon-collecting wheels which, are separated by interspaces, carbon-prod ucing means located under each wheel, scrapers for each wheel and vertical partitions situated in the interspaces and projected above and below the wheels.

28.v In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of carbon-collectors located above the same and separated by interspaces, vertical partitions located in the interspaces and projected above the carbon-collectors, horizontal series of secondary carbon-collectors located transversely above the primary collectors and with one series above the other, the lowermost series having its members located opposite the space between adjacent partitions, and the membersof the next-above series being staggered with respect to the members of the lowermost series.

29. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a casing, a horizontal shaft mounted therein, a series of carboncollecting wheels mounted thereon and spaced apart to permit the passage of air between the same, carbonburners arranged beneath each carbon-collecting wheel, and perforated plates located between the burners and the carbon-collecting wheels to separate the wheels from each other and direct the ilame thereto.

30. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-prod ucing means, of ahorizontally-disposed rotatable shaft located above said means, vertically-disposed carbon-collectingwheels carried by the shaft and having their hubs equally projected at corresponding'ends to form means for regularly spacing the wheels,

and independent scrapers in cooperative relation with the respective Wheels.

31. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located above said means, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by the shaft and having their hubs provided with projected portions lying against the respective adjacent wheels and thereby spacing the latter, and independent Scrapers in cooperative relation with the respective wheels.

32. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located above said means, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by the shaft and having their hubs terminated flush at one end with the respective adjacent sides of the wheels, and the opposite ends of the hubs projected beyond the sides of the wheels and adapted to lie against the flush ends of the hubs to form spacing devices for the wheels, and independent Scrapers in cooperative 'relation with the respective wheels.

33. In an apparatus for making carbon- -black, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located above said means, a pair of vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by the shaft, one of the wheels havinga projected hub portion lying against the other wheel and forming a spacing device to separate the two wheels,and independent Scrapers in cooperative relation with the respect-ive wheels.

34:. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by and spaced apart upon the shaft to permit a passage of air between the same, a support located adjacent to the shaft, and scrapers, one for each wheel, independently mounted on the support in cooperative relation with the respective wheels, for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HENERY MANN.

Witnesses:

T. A. HENAGH, E. D. MCGALLY.

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