US706429A - Lampblack apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

.f .1. L. MANN.

` LAVMPBLACVK APPARATUS Ap'pncation mea Feb. s, 1902.) f

Patented Aug. 5, |902.

um Model.)

2 Sheeis-$heet I.

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2. 0 mw 5 uw HU AA d e .t nA e .t a P J. L.' MANN. LAMPBLACK APPARATUS.

(Application led Feb. 3, 1902.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(Nq Model.)

@WW1/mosca Strawn I UNITED STATES PMIENT OFFICE.

iJoIIN LEWIS MANN, or SMITIITCN, WEST VIEGINIA, ASSIGNCE To' THE CASTLE EEooKCAEBoN BLACK COMPANY, on wILLIAMSPoRT, PENN- sYLvANIA.

ITAMPBLACK A'PPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters `Patent No. 706,429, dated August 5,;1902.`

` Applicationliiledl'ebrnary 3, 1902. Serial ITo.` 92,445. (Ndinoilelr)y 1901, Serial No. 66,300.`

provide new and useful improvements in the.

form of carbon black making apparatus shown in the copending applications of John.

H. Mann, one of which was filed April 26, 1901, Serial No. 57,567, and the` other `June 27,

Oneof the specific features of the improve-` ments consists inthe provisionof a new form p responding parts in all thegures of the drawof carbon-collecting wheel which arranged for collecting carbonupon its opposite sides, as Well as upon theouter `periphery thereof, whereby a much greater collecting-surface is provided. j

Anotherobject is to `provide `for vscraping the opposite sides `as Well as `theouterV peripheryof the collecting-wheels, and thereby to secure such carbon-black as would be otherwise lost. l I

Another object is to provide` an improved type of burner wherein the `lmrner-tips may be readilyand conveniently adjusted with respect to the carbon-collectingWheels, so as to secureproper carbon-producing effect.

Itis furthermore designed ,to provide for directing the'iiamesfrom` the burners to the collecting-wheels injsnch a manner as tose-` `cure theymaXinIum.carbon-producing effect I and at the same time to securethe finest quality of black andalsotohave this .meansl adjustable, so as to overcomethe deleterious effects of changes in the atmosphere surrounding-the apparatus. I l

`With these andother objects in viewA the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, aswill he hereinafterinore `fully described, shown in accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes in the form, proportion,

size, and minor details may be made Within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectionalview of `a carbon-black- Inalring apparatus embodying the improvements of the present invention. Fig. 2` is a cross-sectional viewthereof. Fig. 3 is an eulargedfdetail cross-sectional view of one of the burners and the adjacent carbon-collecting wheel." "Fig-4. is an enlarged detail sectional view taken throughfapair of adjacent collecting-wheels;v Fig. 5 is a detail longitudinal sectional View o'f one of the burner-ti ps.

Fig. 6'is a detail plan view of one of the mantle-supporting frames. I

Like `characters of reference designate cor- Ings. p l

Referring to the drawings, l designates the casing of the apparatus, Which-is constructed of any suitable` material', preferably sheet metal. Within the lower portion of the casing there `is provided a longitudinal receptacle 2,Which is substantially V-shaped in crosssection and is designed to receive the carbonblack as it falls from the generating apparatus located above. At one end of the bottom of the hopperithere is provided a dischargechnte, and extending throughout the bottom offthe hopper is a worm or spiral conveyer 4:, which is adapted to feed'the carbonblaclr tothe discharge-chute 3 for convenience in obtaining the product of the apparatus. This conveyer is driven, by means of the beveled gears 5 and 6, from any suitable source of power. (Not shown.)

Located abovethereceptacle or hopper 2 and extending longitudinally of the apparatus is 'a pair of gas-service pipes7, each of` Which is provided with a plurality ofv burners 8, one of which hasbeen illustrated in detail in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Each burner consists of a tubular externally-screw-thread ed stem portion 9, tted into a corresponding screw-threaded `openingin thetop of theadjacent pipe 7 and having a head or body portion provided with-a pluralityof-upstanding internally-screw-threaded nipples l0 and l1,

preferably three in number, of which the outer nipples IO are of the same length, and

n the intermediate nipple 11 is somewhat shorter ,through which the gas is designed to escape in the form of a flame, while the greater portion of the stem or body of the tip is prof vided with an enlarged chamber 15, whereby the tip is in the form of a tube having a solid tapered head provided with a small longitudinal 'orifice or perforation.

In order that the flames from the burnertips may be confined `and prevented from "spreading to any appreciable degree, there 'has been provided a Iiame-conflning device in the nature of a foraminous elliptical-shaped band or mantle 16, which surrounds the burner-tips andpis carried bymeans of a metallic frame 17, which is rabbeted externally, so as to provide a seat for the lower edge of the mantle. A pair of cross-bars l8 extend across the open elliptical frame and are provided at theirA centers with corresponding openings or eyesl9, which are spaced so as to yloosely embrace the respective outer burnertips .in order that the frame and the mantle may be adjustably elevated thereon. To support the frameat any position upon the burner-tips, the outer tips are externally yscrew-threaded for their ent-ire lengths, and

upon each tip there is provided a pair of nuts 20, which embrace thei respective cross-bars 18, so that by adjusting these nutsupon the tips the frame and the mantle may be raised or lowered in accordance with the conditions of the surroundingatmosphere. It will here be noted that while it is not necessary to have the central tip externally screw-threaded for its entire length, as the frame is supported uponthe outer tip only, .itwill not affect the device in any manner whatever to have the central tipfscrew-threaded.

' Above each gas-service pipe is a rotatable shaft 2l, which is driven by a pair of bevelgears 22 and 23, operated from the same y source of `power as are the gears 5 and 6.

the drawings, it will be seen that each wheel Upon each of these shafts is mounted a plurality of Kcarbon-collecting wheels 24, one for each burner. As best indicated in Fig. f

is hollowand comprises a hub 25, a iiat disklike end or head 26, integral with the hub, and a cylindrical rim 27, integral with the head 26 and projected in the direction of the hub, the latter having its outer end portion 28 extended lbeyond the open side of the Wheel, so 'as to form a spacing device against which the next adjacent wheel is adapted to vthesecuring of the wheel to the shaft.

bear, whereby all of the wheels are spaced at regular intervals. The wheel is secured to the shaft 21 by means of a fastening 29,passed through the projected hub portion and the shaft and having its opposite ends upset. Hence in addition to forming a spacing device the projected hub portion also facilitatliles T e open side of the wheel is provided with a rabbeted marginal edge 30 and is closed by means of a flat disk or plate 3l, having a central circular opening 32 to snugly receive the projected hub portion and also having its outer marginal edge snugly seated in the rabbetcd portion 30 and secured by means of' screw-fastenings 33, set through the plate andk into integral ribs 34, formed upon the inner side of the rim of the wheel. course be understood that the plate 3l is flush with the adjacent edge of the wheel and the fastenings 33 are flush with the outer face of the plate in order that this side of the wheel may be entirely free from projections,.and thereby capable of being effectually scraped, as will be hereinafter explained.

As indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, it will be observed that the tops of the series'of carbon-collecting wheels rotate outwardly in opposite directions, as indicated by the arrows, and in order that the carbon collected thereon may be scraped therefrom, so as to drop downwardly and be collected in the hopper or receptacle 2, there is provided a plurality of scrapers, one for each wheel, each scraper comprising a stein or shank 35, provided at its lower end with a chisel scrapingblade 36, which rests against the inner portion of the external peripheral edge of the adjacent wheel. The upper end of the stem or shank is provided with a hook 37, which is loosely and detachably engaged through a perforation in a supporting-bar 38, disposed longitudinally above the adjacent series of wheels, whereby the lower free end of the scraper is capable of a swinging movement toward and away from the collecting-wheel. In order-that the scraper may be normally held in engagement with the wheel, it is provided with a suitable weight 39.

As heretofore described, the opposite heads or sides of the collecting-wheels are solid and iiat in order that such carbon as may escape the peripheriesof the wheels may be collected upon the opposite heads thereof, and in order vthat the lcarbon thus deposited upon the heads of the wheels may be removed therefrom there is provided a plurality of Scrapers, each of which consists ot' a metal rod 40, which is disposed transversely of the apparatus and lies in the space between adjacent wheels and immediately above the shafts 2l, the opposite ends of the rods being supported in notches or seats 42, formed in supportingbars 43, carried by the opposite sides of the casing. As plainly indicated in Figs. l and 4, it will be understood that these rods lie in It will ofy IIO IZO

lecting-wheels.

posite edges of the rim of the wheels the collecting-surface thereof is materially increased and the output` of the apparatus is proportionately increased.

Above the space between the sets of carbon-collecting wheels is a perforateor foraminous rotatable carbon-collecting cylinder 44, which is adapted to collect such fine carbon as may be loosened by the Scrapers and is carried upwardly by the draft through the casing. Below this cylinder is mounted a `rock-bar 45, which is provided with a plurality of brushes 46, lying in frictional engagement with the periphery of the cylinder to scrape therefrom the carbon which may collect thereon. `One end of this rock-bar is projected through the end of the casing and provided with a weighted arm 47, which is disposed to normally hold the brushes in frictional engagement with the cylinder. Lying between the cylinder and the scrapers 35 and disposed longitudinally at opposite sides of the brush 46 is a pair of downwardly-converged plates 48, which form a chute to collect the carbon scraped from the cylinder and to direct the same downwardly through the spacebetween the opposite sets of col- The foraminous cylinder is rotated by means ofbevel-gears 49 and 50, which are in 'operative relation to the main driving means, as explained for the other gears. The top or roof portion 5l of the casing is peaked and open longitudinally throughout its highest point, as indicated at 52, and from the edges of this opening depend the opposite inwardly-inclined screens 53, which are designed to prevent the escape of such minute particles of carbon as float upwardly from the rotatable cylinder. Over the top of the opening 52 there is a suitable hood 54, which. is spaced slightly above the top of the casing, so as to provide comparatively narrow marginal openings 55 between the outer edge of the hood and the top ofthe casing to permit the heated air to escape, and thereby give the desired draft to the burners.

In the operation of the device the central tips of the burners are adjusted so as to lie at a. predetermined distance from the peripheries of the collecting-wheels vand then the outer tips are adjusted so as to lie somewhat nearer the wheels, for the reason that the draft caused by the latter` causes the outer dames to iiicker and to be blown laterally, and therefore it is necessary to bringthe outer llames nearer the wheelsinorder to obtain the maximum carbon-producing effectthereon. The

dame-confining device or mantle 16 is then adj usted upon the burner-tips, so as to properly confine the Iiames, and thereby prevent the latter from beingblown laterally to any appreciable extent by the draft caused by the rotation of the collecting-wheels. It will here be noted that the dame-confining means is perforated and also open at the top and bottom in order that the proper amount of air may be supplied to the burners, and therefore it will be understood that the purpose of the band or mantle is to confine the iiames and insure their direct impact with the peripheries of the collecting-Wheels in contradistinction to the somewhat similar devices which have been used to' produce an imperfect combustion for the purpose of causing the burners to smoke. It will here be noted that the burners and the mantle or dame-confining device are independently adjustable, whereby after the burner-tips have once been adj usted the mantle may be adjusted vertically, according to the conditions of the atmosphere surrounding the machine, without interfering with the previous adjustment of the burner-tips. It is also advantageous to have a comparatively small opening 14 in the burner-tip in order that the flame may be comparatively thin, and thereby produce the maximum amount of carbon with the minimum amount of light.

ing-wheels and the collecting-cylinder are driven at a very low rate of speed, as indicated by the gearing shown in Fig. l of the drawings, in order that the carbon may have suflicient time to collect. As the carbon collects upon the wheels the latter are rotated in f rictional engagementwith the Scrapers 35 and in close proximity to the Scrapers 40,iwhere by the carbon deposited upon the peripheries of the wheels is effectually scraped therefrom, and as the carbon collects and becomes caked upon the heads of the wheels it will eventually engage the Scrapers 40, and thereby be removed from the wheels, and all of the carbon scraped from the wheels drops downwardly into the receptacle 2, from which it is fed through the chute by the conveyer 4. It will now be understoodv that the Scrapers 40 are disposed out of actual contact with the heads of adjacent wheels, so that there will be a clearance between the same in order that the carbon may fall downwardly between the scrapers and the heads of the wheels and not become` banked up between the wheels and the scrapers. Such carbon as escapes from the collecting-wheels is caught by the rotatable cylinder and removed therefrom by the brush or scraper, and such line carbon as escapes the cylinder is collected upon the screens 53, from which it drops when the weight of the collected carbon is sufficient to overcome the adhesion between the latter and the screens. f

The purpose of employing a plurality of comparatively small collecting-wheels separated by vertical interspaces is to` overcome the objection to the present long continuous IOO IIO

- cylinder, which objection is that such a cyl` inder soon becomes warped and uneven, and therefore it is impossible to effectually scrape -all of the collected carbon from a warped and `irregular cylinder. Moreover, I provide each wheel withits own individual scraper, where- -by each scraper is Wholly independent of the other and may therefore properly conform to the periphery of the wheel with which it cooperates.

Another veryimportant feature of the present invention resides in the independent adjustments of the burner-tips and the flameconning means, for the reason that While the 4tips may be set at a predetermined distance from the carbon-collecting wheels in all machines for depositing a certain grade of carbon-black it is necessary to adjust; the flame- `confining means to the proper draft condi tions in each machine, and hence there is a material advantage in having the burners and the iiame-conning means independently adjustable over similar devices wherein the relation between th'e burners and the flame- `confining means is fixed and unchangeable, as an adjustment of the burners to overcome defects in the depositing of the carbon-black produces a corresponding adjustment of the flame-confining means, and vice versa, and therefore an adjustment to overcome defects in one of themembers would probably produce an injurious effect in the result of the other member.

What I claim isl.' In lan apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with means for producing carbon, of carbon collecting means y-made up of a substantially horizontal series of members mounted to rotate in individual substantially parallel vertical planes which are separated by vertical interspaces, each i member being arranged with its peripheral edge in coperative relation with the carbon-producing means and provided with op- -posite at unbroken heads or ends forming collecting-surfaces,and Scrapers for the heads of the collecting members.

2. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of carbon-collecting means made up of a substantially horizontal series of wheels mounted to rotate in individual substantially parallel vertical planes which are separated by vertical interspaces, each member being disposed above the carbon-producing means with its periphery in coperative relation. therewith, and provided with oppo- "site fiat unbroken heads or ends which are flush throughout with the respective sides of the periphery of the Wheel and forming carbon-,collecting surfaces,and Scrapers disposed across the yheads to scrape carbon therefrom.

3. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a plurality of vertically-disposed rotatable carbon-collecting wheels separated by vertical interspaces and having opposite flat carbon collecting heads, and Scrapers located between the carbon-collect- -ing wheels, each scraper being in operative relation to the opposite faces of adjacent wheels.

4. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a casing, and carbon-producing means housed thereby, of a Vvertically-disposed rotatable carbon-collect- -ing wheel located above the carbon-producplu rality of vertically-disposed rotatable car-I bon collecting wheels having opposite fiat carbon-collecting heads and separated by ver- -vtical interspaces, Scrapers located in the interspaces in frctional engagement with the opposite heads of adjacent wheels, and scraper-supports carried by opposite sides of the casing, the opposite ends of the scrapers being carried by the respective supports.

6. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a casing, and carbon-producing means housed therein, of a plurality of vertically-disposed rotatable carlbon-collecting wheels mounted upon a com- -mon axis and provided with opposite fiat car- Ybon-collecting heads, the Wheels being separated by vertical interspaces, notched supports carried by the casing and located at opposite sides of the wheels, and Scrapers located in the interspaces between the wheels to scrape the heads thereof and having their opposite ends seated in the corresponding lnotches of the opposite supports.

7. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a rotatable shaft located adjacent to the same, a plurality of rotatable carbon-collecting wheels mounted upon the shaft and having their hubs projected at corresponding ends to form spacing devices for the wheels, the latter also having opposite iiat carbon-collecting heads, and scrapers located in the spaces between the wheels and in operative relation tothe heads thereof.

8. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a rotatable shaft located adjacent thereto, a plurality of hollow carboncollecting wheels mounted thereon, each wheel having one flat integral carbon-collect-v ing head, a hub projected beyond the opposite side of the wheel, and a separate fiat carbon-collecting head applied to that side of the wheel having the projected hub portion forming a spacing device for the adjacent wheels, and scrapers situated in the spaces between the wheels and in operative relation to the adjacent heads thereof.

9. An apparatus for making carbon-black,

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having carbon-producing means, in combination with carbon-collecting means made up of a plurality of carbon-collecting wheels mount- -ed to rotate in substantiallyparallel individual planes which are separated by interspaces, each `wheel consisting of a hollow casting, and a fiat unbroken head secured to one end of `the wheel and forming a carbon-collecting wheel in operative relation thereto,

and provided upon its inner periphery with integral ribs disposed transversely of the rim thereof, and a fiat circular carbon-collecting head secured to corresponding ends of the ribs. i

11. An apparatus for making carbon-black having carbon-producing means, in combination with carbon-collecting means made up of a plurality of carbon-collecting wheels mounted to rotate in substantially parallel individual planes which are separated by interspaces, each wheel consisting of a hollow cylindrical casting having one integral head,

and a separate flat unbroken head secured to `the opposite end of the casting, both heads forming carbon-collecting surfaces.

12. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producy black, the combination with a collecting-surface, of a carbon-producing burner, and a ing means, of a rotatable shaft located adjacent thereto, a plurality of carbon-collecting wheels mounted thereon, each wheel comprising an open-ended cylinder having one fiat integral carbon-collecting head, a hub projected at the opposite side of the wheel, integral ribs upon the inner periphery of the wheel, and a flat carbon-collecting head clos-` ing the open side of the wheel and secured to the adjacent ends of the ribs, fastening means engaging the projected ends of the hubs to connect the wheels to the shaft, said projected hub portions forming spacing devices to separate the wheels, and Scrapers located in the Spaces between ,the wheels and in operative relation to the heads thereof.

`13. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a casing and carbon-producing means housed therein, of a roy tatable shaft located above `the carbon-producing'means, a` plurality of vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels mounted upon the shaft, each wheel having one flat integral carbon-collecting head, a hub projected at the opposite side of the wheel, the projected portion of the hub bearing against the head of the next adjacent wheel and forming a spacing device to separate the two wheels, a separate fiat carbon-collectinghead applied to the open side of the wheel, fastening means connecting the respective projected hub portions to the shaft, individual Scrapers in operative relation to the peripheries ofthe respective wheels, supports carried by the frame and located at opposite sides `of the shaft, and Scrapers having 1 their opposite ends carried -justrnent of the burner.

by the supports and their intermediate portions located in the spaces between the wheels` and in operative relation to theheads thereof.

14. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a collecting-surface, ofcarbon-producing means embodying a burner, and flame-confining meansembracing the burner and adjustable toward and away from the carbon-collecting surface ini dependent of the burners.

15. In` an apparatus for making `carbon-v biack, the combination with a carbon-collecting surface, of a burner which is adjustable toward and away from said surface, and a i dame-confining device embracing the burner and adjustable toward and away from the collecting-surface independently of the ad- 16. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a collecting-surface, of a burner in cooperative relation thereto, and an open-ended flame-confining device which is adjustable toward and away from Jthe collecting-surface.

17. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination witha carbon-collecting surface, of a carbon-producing burner, and an open-ended perforate iiame-conlining device embracing the burner andadjustable ytoward and away from the collecting-surface.

18. In an apparatus for making carboniiame-confining device carried by the burner and adjustable thereon toward and away from the carbon-collecting surface.

19. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, thecombination with a carbon-collect- 'ing surface, of a carbon-producing burner having a screw-threaded part, and a flame- `confining device embracing the burner and connected to the screw-threaded part thereof for adjustment toward and away from the `carbon-collecting surface.

20. In an apparatus .for making carbon- -black, the combination with a carbon-collect- Aing surface, of a carbon-producing burner having a screw-threaded part, a nut adjustably applied to the screw-threaded part, and a flame-confining device supported upon the nut `and adjustable therewith toward and away from the collecting-surface.

21. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a carbon-collecting surface, of a carbon-producing burner having a screw-threaded part, a nut adjustably applied to said screw-threaded part, and

a flame-confining device having a cross-bar which is provided with an opening receiving the burner with the cross-bar supported upon and adjustable with the nut. j

22. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a collecting-surface, of a carbon-producing burner having an intermediate tip and opposite terminal tips, the outer tips being externally screw-threaded, nuts applied to the screw-threaded tips,

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and a name-confining device embracing the tips and provided with a pair of cross-bars having openings receiving the terminal tips with the cross-bars supported upon and ad justable with the nuts.

23. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a carbon-collecting surface, of a carbon-producing burner having an intermediate tip and opposite externally-screw-threaded tips, adjustable nuts upon the screw-threaded tips, and a fiameconfining device comprising a skeleton frame having apair of cross-bars provided with perforations receiving the screw-threaded tips with the cross-bars restingupon and adjustable with the nuts, and a perforate band supported upon andrising from the frame.

24. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a carbon-collecting surface, of a carbon-producing burner having a screwthreaded nipple, an externally-screw-threaded burner-tip adjustably fitted to the screw-threaded portion of the nipple,a nut adj ustably fitted upon the screwthreaded portion of the tip, and a flame-confining device supported upon and adjustable with the nut.

25. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a cylindrical carbon-collecting device mounted to rotate upon a horizontal axis, of a carbon producing burner having a plurality of burner-tips disposed in the vertical plane of the cylinder, with their upper ends arranged in an arc eccentric to that of the collecting-cylinder.

26. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a vertically-disposed rotatable carbon-collecting Wheel, of a carbon-'producingburner having a plurality of tips alined transversely of the burner in the vertical plane of the wheel, the outer tips being nearer to the surface of the wheel than the inner tips.

27. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with a casing, of a gasservice pipe therein,a plurality of burners carried thereby and disposed transversely thereof, each burner having a plurality of screwthreaded nipples, externally-sereW-threaded burner-tips adjustably fitted to the nipples, adjustable nuts iitted upon the outermost screw-threaded tips, an open frame embracing the tips and having cross-bars provided upon the shaft and separated by vertical inv terspaces, each wheel lhaving opposite fiat carbon collecting heads, supports carried within the casing and at opposite sides of the shaft, Scrapers lying between the respective Wheels in frictional engagement with the adjacent heads thereof to scrape the carbon therefrom and having their opposite ends carried by the respective supports, and individual weighted Scrapers in frictional engagement with the peripheries of thev respective wheels.

28. -In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of rotatable carbon collecting Wheels having opposite flat carbon-collecting heads and fiat peripheries,individual Scrapers engaging the periphery of each Wheel, and scrapers arranged between each pair of wheels to scrape the heads.

29. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with carbon-producing means, of a rotatable shaft located adjacent thereto, a plurality of hollow carbon-col lecting wheels mounted thereon, each wheel having one flat integral head, a hub projected beyond the opposite side of the wheel, and a separate flat head applied to that side of the wheel having the projected hub portion forming a spacing device for the adjacent Wheels.

30. In combination with the carbon-collecting means, the carbon-producing means arranged below anfl spaced from the carboncollecting means, of dame-confining means arranged in the space between the carboncollecting means and the carbon-producing means and adjustable independently of the carbon-producing means for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN LEWIS MANN.

Witnesses:

A.VG. PATToN, W. R. BRowN.

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