US704756A - Centrifugal-pump runner. - Google Patents

Description

No. 704.756; Patented Iuly I5, |902.

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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP RUNNER.

(Application mea Aug. a, 190m (No Model.)

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' UNITED SI1/lyricsE PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK RAY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO .I AMES SPIERS, JR., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

CENTRlFUGAL-PUNIP RUNNER.-

SPECIFICATION forming part bf Letters Patent N0. 704,756, dated. July 15, 1902.

Application filed August 3, 1901. Serial No. 70,729. IND model.)

1'0 a/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK RAY, a citizen of the United States, residing inthe city and county of San Francisco, State of Cali- 5 fornia, have invented an Improvement in Centrifugal-Punip-Runners; and .I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX- act description of the same. y

My invention relates to improvements in Io centrifugal-pu mp runners of the class known as the closed type.

It consists in forming the runner with the upper and lower disks having a diameter such as to provide for proper clearance and radial x 5 vanes interposed between said disks and having a radial extent less than that of the disks.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the' device.

Figure l is a vertical section of my inven-A zo tion, taken on the line a; Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a half horizontal section on the line yy y, Fig. 1.

In the designing of standard centrifugalY pumps it is desirable to use the same patterns I for any given size of pumps without reference 2 5 to the head against which the pump is to be used, and in carrying aV stock of pumps it would be impossibleto provide for every pos- `sible different head. It is therefore desirable to have each sizeof pump so constructed 3o that it is suitable for any head within reasonable limits with the least possible modification. It is also desirable that its eiiiciency should be as near the same under all conditions as possible The quantity of water which any pump would economically handle is arrived at by considering the iirst cost of the pump and the subsequent cost of running it per unitf'of Water pumped. This quantity is then the 4o maximum that the pump can handle for the least cost, and for any one pump this is evidently about the same for any head. It can be mathematically proven that the least loss will occur when the Vvelocity of whirl of the 45 water in the outer edge of the Vortex-chamber where it joins the volute is double the velocity in the volute. Hence the velocity or the tangential component of.v the true velocity of the .water in the outer edge of the vortex- 5o chamber is fixed. Considering the sides of this vortex-chamber as parallel, the velocity of whirl will vary in it inversely as the distance from the center. Therefore if a certain tangential velocity of the water is desired in order, to pump against any head all that is 55 necessary is to cause that certain tangential velocity to occur at the proper distance from the center by making the vanesof the proper length relative to the diameter of the runner and revolving them fast enough to produce 6o the desired result. y

If the whole runner were made of a diameter only eqnal'to the length of the vane, there would be a large mass of water occupying the space exterior to the runner, and Water would 65 thus be discharged directly into this mass,and its energy would thus be absorbed and lost.

By ext-ending the disks beyond the ends of the vanes, so that they run close to the inte- `rior of the casing with sufficient clearance, 7o

We avoid this difticnlty.Y I

As shown in the drawings, A is the exterior casingVof-a pump of this description, having a discharge, as shown at 2. p

3 and i are the upper and lower disks of the 75 runner, having a diameter suiiiciently less than the interior of the casing where they run to give the necessaryclearauce. The vanos 5 radiate from the center toward the periphery between these disks and are here shown 8o asin the form of curved segments. These vanes form acircle oi'less diameter than that of the periphery of the disks, the object being to enable the manufacturer to so construct the pumps that they are Vsuitable for any 85 given head within reasonable limits without essential change. I extend the sides beyond the ends of the runner to obtain a uniform passage-w ay. If I cut the whole runner down, the space occupied by the lirst runner beyond 9o the circumference of the cut-down runner is of diderent width from the stream, causing iirst a sudden decrease of velocity and then a sudden increase as the stream enters the vor test-chamber. As I desire to avoid'allunnec- 95 essary changes of velocity, I extend the sides of the runner until they arein close `proximity to the opening into the vortex-chamber, thus obtaining a continuous passage of uniform width; but it is the uniformi system of :ce changing the lengths of the vanes in a ratio inverse to the square root of the head against which the pump \vorks,while leaving the sides of the runner of the same diameter suited to the casing of the pump, that I consider as the essential feature of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in a centrifugal pump of a runner composed of separated disks having a diameter approximately that of the -interior of the casing Within which they revolve and radial vanes fixed between said disk`s,said vanes being shorter than the distance from the center to the periphery of the disks.

2. rlhe combination in a-centrifugal pump of a casing with suction and discharge passages, a closed runner revoluble Within said casing, said runner consisting of radial vanes of less peripheral diameter than the :interior of the casing,and disks xed in parallel planes upon each side of the Vanes, said disks having a diameter equal to the interior diameter of the casing less clearance.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDERICK RAY.

Witnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, JEssIE C. BRODIE.

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