US7037973B2 - Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates - Google Patents
Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7037973B2 US7037973B2 US09/893,938 US89393801A US7037973B2 US 7037973 B2 US7037973 B2 US 7037973B2 US 89393801 A US89393801 A US 89393801A US 7037973 B2 US7037973 B2 US 7037973B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating composition
- coating
- weight
- substrate
- porous substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0011—Pre-treatment or treatment during printing of the recording material, e.g. heating, irradiating
- B41M5/0017—Application of ink-fixing material, e.g. mordant, precipitating agent, on the substrate prior to printing, e.g. by ink-jet printing, coating or spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/0018—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using ink-fixing material, e.g. mordant, precipitating agent, after printing, e.g. by ink-jet printing, coating or spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5227—Macromolecular coatings characterised by organic non-macromolecular additives, e.g. UV-absorbers, plasticisers, surfactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5236—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of natural gums, of proteins, e.g. gelatins, or of macromolecular carbohydrates, e.g. cellulose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ink jet printing and, more particularly, to the application of black and color inks to a coating fluid for a substrate for achieving enhancement in permanence and image quality.
- ink is supplied under pressure to a manifold region that distributes the ink to a plurality of orifices, typically arranged in a linear array(s).
- the ink discharges from the orifices in filaments which break into droplet streams.
- the approach for printing with these droplet streams is to selectively charge and deflect certain drops from their normal trajectories.
- Graphic reproduction is accomplished by selectively charging and deflecting drops from the drop streams and depositing at least some of the drops on a print receiving medium while other of the drops strike a drop catcher device.
- the continuous stream ink jet printing process is described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,255,754; 4,698,123 and 4,751,517, the disclosures of each of which are totally incorporated herein by reference.
- Coated components such as amorphous and precipitated silicas, vary in particle sizes and their distribution.
- Multivalent cross linking, often cationic, components include specialty treated high-bulk oxides of metals such as aluminum, titanium, zirconium, lanthanum, magnesium; modified starches; water soluble polymeric binders, such as hydrolyzed PVA; and resins.
- substrates yield varying degrees of dot gain, brightness, optical density, rate of absorption or drying, and water resistance of the ink-jetted image.
- EPI hydroxyalkylated polyethyleneimine
- a coating fluid comprising a solution of ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, a surfactant and an electrolyte, has been described and claimed in commonly assigned, co-pending, application Ser. No. 09/572,550.
- the fluid when applied with an ink jet printhead to an imaged substrate, showed significant improvement in waterfastness even in the case of non-black images which are normally hard to fix due to their small molecular weight and extreme solubility.
- the coating composition according to the present invention wherein enhancement in permanence of black and specialty non-black color ink jet prints is achieved.
- the polymer solution is applied to the substrate as a pre-coat or overcoat to the printed porous substrate. This has the advantage of allowing enough polymer to be used without adversely affecting the runnability of the ink.
- the coating material of the present invention produces color enhanced prints resistant to smudging and bleeding when subjected to moisture.
- the viscosity of the coating fluid is particularly suited for roller applications.
- a coating composition for application on a porous substrate for use with a roller application comprises an ethoxylated polyethyleneimine polymer, a pH modifier, a thickening additive, an ammonium sulfate, a surfactant, and water;
- Optional additives can comprise a biocide, a lower aliphatic alcohol and a UV fluorescent dye.
- the present invention proposes a coating composition for application on a porous substrate.
- the application may occur before or after printing, using any suitable application means such as spraying.
- the coating material is particularly advantageous for use on a porous substrate, including a textile-, paper- or pulp-based substrate.
- the substrate coating enhances the permanence of ink jet imaging on the substrate to produce waterfast prints resistant to smudging or bleeding even when subjected to moisture.
- the viscosity of the coating composition is raised to 50–1000 cps without undermining the stability and effectiveness of the fluid, with a preferred range from 100–500 cps.
- a coating composition made in accordance with the present invention may be manufactured as follows:
- the coating composition was formulated as above in accordance with the present invention
- the coating composition was applied to a printed porous substrate.
- the substrate was used to produce color enhanced prints, using a continuous ink jet printer, such as the type manufactured by Scitex Digital Printing, Inc., in Dayton, Ohio.
- the prints generated using the coating composition formulated in accordance herewith produced color enhanced prints resistant to smudging and bleeding when subjected to moisture.
- a thickening agent can be used to achieve the required viscosity.
- a thickening additive in the coating formulation, a viscosity of 460 cps can be achieved.
- One possible thickening agent is carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt.
- a coating fluid including carboxymethyl cellulose introduces an instability problem for the fluid, with the fluid separating into two layers in the course of a single day. If the thickening agent is anionic, like carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, the pH of the composition must be raised, which can affect the fixing ability of the coating.
- the present invention therefore identifies a class of thickening additives which provide the desired viscosity without interfering with the stability of the coating fluid.
- Preferred thickening additives that are commercially available, include, for example, Guar 8/22 or Guar 8/24, from Tic Gums, Inc.
- the amount of thickening additive used determines the final viscosity of the coating fluid.
- using up to 1.0% by weight of Guar provides all viscosity ranges required and a stable coating fluid which is very effective in providing near 100% waterfastness when applied to imaged substrates.
- Using 0.5% Guar in the above example gave a viscosity of 434 CPS.
- Using 0.3% and 0.6% of Guar gave viscosities of 55 and 940 CPS, respectively. Therefore, a range of 0.1% to 1.0% of a thickening agent, or combination of available thickening agents, is preferred.
- the present invention also proposes raising pH of the fluid by adding N,N-dimethylethanolarnine (DMEA).
- DMEA N,N-dimethylethanolarnine
- the addition of DMEA had the effect of raising the pH of the fluid to 11.
- the dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) is used in this composition as a pH modifier to keep the pH of the coating fluid between 8.8 and 9.1.
- DMEA dimethylethanolamine
- the polymer becomes less stable; while at a pH higher than 9.1, the polymer becomes less cationic, and will therefore have less tendency to interact with the anionic dye in the ink to get complete fixation of the image.
- ammonium sulfate in the coating composition of the present invention has the advantage of increasing the cationic charge on the polymer by lowering the pH. This increases the tendency of the polymer to fix the anionic dye.
- the ammonium sulfate is present in an amount of about 0.5% to 5%.
- the surfactant can be any nonionic, anionic, or cationic surfactant such as, for example, surfynol 465, surfynol TGE, and surfynol 104E. These exemplary surfynol products are based on acetylinic dioles chemistry and are commercially available from Air Products. The surfactant in the coating fluid enhances wetting of highly hydrophobic substrates.
- the hydroxyalkylated polyethyleneimine (EPI) used for the coating composition is commercially available, such as the EPI from BASF under the trade name Lupasol SC-61B.
- the EPI is present in the coating composition in an amount from about 0.5% to about 10% of 37% commercial strength.
- the UV fluorescent dye of the coating composition may be any suitable commercially available dye, such as the commercially available Ciba Tinopal ABP-A liquid.
- the ultraviolet (UV) fluorescent dye can be present in the formulation to allow for visual inspection of the integrity of the coating layer under UV light.
- the (UV) fluorescent dye may be a modified stilbene disulfonic acid which is colorless on paper, but turns to a bright blue color under ultraviolet or “black” light.
- additives that are optionally included in the vehicle of the present invention are a lower aliphatic alcohol from about 0–10% such as ethanol or IPA, and a biocide such as 1,2-Benzisothiazoline-2-one from about 0–0.3%.
- the balance of the composition is then comprised of deionized water.
- Example 2 Furthermore, the coated prints of Example 2 showed near 100% permanence when soaked in water for one minute.
- Example 3 shows waterfastness results of four inks on a variety of imaged substrates, overcoated with the coating fluid of the present invention.
- the bracketed values represent waterfastness without applying the coating fluid.
- the coating fluid of the present invention is suitable for ink jet print applied to any porous substrate, and is particularly suited for roller application.
- the coating fluid can be applied as a pre-coat or overcoat to a printed porous substrate, to produce color enhanced prints resistant to smudging and bleeding when subjected to moisture.
- the coating fluid can be applied with excellent results in enhancement and fixing of the print to any porous paper substrate, as well as to cotton or other fabric or textile substrates.
- the coating solution may be applied by any suitable means, such as, for example, by spraying, roller arrangement, or application by a printhead positioned inline with the ink-applying printheads.
- a printhead When a printhead is used to apply the coating solution, the option exists of covering only the printed image area with the coating material, rather than the entire area of the substrate.
- the print After a post-coating application, the print can be dried, such as with a heat gun, to set the image.
- the coating composition can be applied to the substrate prior to imaging, as a pre-coat fluid.
- Pre-coat application can provide the advantage of eliminating color-to-color bleed during imaging, since the dyes are fixed instantaneously as the ink contacts the pre-coated substrate. Furthermore, with pre-coating, images appear darker and have sharper edge definition, since the coating minimizes ink penetration and allows more fixed dyes on the surface. Finally, complete drying of the pre-coated substrate may not be necessary. Therefore, drying can be applied once after imaging, resulting in considerable savings in energy.
- the coating solution of the present invention When the images are printed prior to application of the coating fluid, application of moisture to the print causes extreme bleed, to the point of almost complete color removal.
- the coating solution of the present invention is applied to the ink jet prints, and then dried, the images are close to 100% permanent even when sprayed with water.
- the coating solution may be applied as a pre-print coat to the substrate, i.e., prior to imaging, with substantially equivalent results.
- the components that comprise the coating are commercially available and can be substituted with other commercially available equivalents. It is also understood and known in the art that waterfastness is dye specific, resulting in variations in the amount of waterfastness achieved, particularly when varying the inks being applied to the substrate, and varying the substrate itself. Almost all ink jet inks applied on a variety of commodity substrates give vastly varying image quality. Differences occur in optical density, brilliance, permanence, drying and dot resolution.
- the substrate coating composition of the present invention is particularly adaptable for printing permanent images using a roller application. Porous substrates and textile materials printed with direct dyes can be treated with the coating composition of the present invention. Direct dyes have very poor waterfastness on cellulosic fabrics. Treatment of the fabric with the coating solution of the present invention can produce fabrics with excellent waterfastness.
Abstract
Description
Component | Weight % | ||
Dimethylethanolamine | 0.10 | ||
Thickening Additive | 0.50 | ||
Ammonium Sulfate | 1.00 | ||
Surfactant | 0.30 | ||
1,2-Benzisothiazoline-2-one (biocide) | 0.20 | ||
UV fluorescent dye | 0.50 | ||
Hydroxyalkylated polyethyleneimine | 5.00 | ||
Deionized water | 92.40 | ||
Optical Density of | Optical Density of | |||
Ink | Uncoated Print | Overcoated Print | ||
1040 Black | 1.05 | 1.20 | ||
8090A Dark Blue | 1.14 | 1.21 | ||
1056 Blue | 0.45 | 0.53 | ||
8440 Magenta | 0.30 | 0.43 | ||
1060 Red | 0.30 | 0.40 | ||
1036 Black | 1.28 | 1.43 | ||
Waterfast- | Waterfast- | Waterfast- | Waterfast- | |
ness % | ness % | ness % (8010 | ness % | |
Substrate | (1036 Black) | (8000 Cyan) | Magenta) | (8020 Yellow) |
Mead | 99 (43) | 98 (26) | 100 (46) | 100 (31) |
Escanaba | ||||
Enamel | ||||
#60 | ||||
Midland | 100 (40) | 93 (26) | 100 (34) | 100 (25) |
Multiweb | ||||
Gloss #80 | ||||
Text | ||||
Sterling | 100 (51) | 100 (56) | 100 (70) | 100 (37) |
Ultra #70 | ||||
Web | ||||
Gloss | ||||
Midland | 100 (57) | 100 (33) | 100 (42) | 100 (28) |
MPC | ||||
Matte #70 | ||||
Text | ||||
Champion | 100 (46) | 100 (36) | 100 (49) | 100 (27) |
Influence | ||||
Soft | ||||
Gloss #60 | ||||
Courtland | 100 (39) | 100 (36) | 100 (49) | 100 (27) |
Gloss #60 | ||||
Sterling | 99 (48) | 100 (30) | 100 (56) | 100 (29) |
Litho | ||||
Gloss #60 | ||||
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/893,938 US7037973B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates |
CA002391687A CA2391687A1 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates |
SE0201979A SE524769C2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | Very viscous coating material for porous substrates |
FI20021247A FI20021247A (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | Highly viscous coating for porous substrates |
JP2002187223A JP2003103924A (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-27 | High viscosity coating substance for porous printing medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/893,938 US7037973B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20030018101A1 US20030018101A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
US7037973B2 true US7037973B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
Family
ID=25402373
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/893,938 Expired - Lifetime US7037973B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Highly viscous coating material for porous substrates |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7037973B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003103924A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2391687A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI20021247A (en) |
SE (1) | SE524769C2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8720278B1 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2014-05-13 | The Boeing Company | Method of detecting inconsistencies in composite structures and stress sensitive coatings used therein |
US9085052B1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2015-07-21 | The Boeing Company | Structural repair having optical witness and method of monitoring repair performance |
US9434201B2 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2016-09-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet recording medium and methods therefor |
US10768128B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2020-09-08 | The Boeing Company | Systems and methods of monitoring a thermal protection system |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7878644B2 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2011-02-01 | Gerber Scientific International, Inc. | Light cure of cationic ink on acidic substrates |
JP5075300B2 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2012-11-21 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming apparatus |
EP2580293B1 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2017-11-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Pre-treatment composition |
US8814318B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2014-08-26 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Printing method with pre-treatment composition |
US9493685B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2016-11-15 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Pre-treatment composition |
US9278515B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2016-03-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Printing method |
EP2580067B1 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2018-07-25 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Pre-treatment composition |
KR20140097310A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2014-08-06 | 바스프 에스이 | Pesticide composition having improved rainfastness |
JP5834110B1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-16 | 株式会社Dnpファインケミカル | Inkjet recording method |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4150997A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1979-04-24 | Recognition Equipment Incorporated | Water base fluorescent ink for ink jet printing |
US4476031A (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1984-10-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile treatment compositions |
US4838940A (en) * | 1987-02-21 | 1989-06-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image recording ink |
US5352283A (en) * | 1992-04-22 | 1994-10-04 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Jet inks avoiding solid formation |
US5730789A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-03-24 | Scitex Digital Printing, Inc. | Waterfast infrared scannable inks for ink jet printing |
US5958999A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1999-09-28 | Cabot Corporation | Ink compositions and method for generating images produced therefrom |
US5990201A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-11-23 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Pseudo-plastic aqueous ink for ball point pen |
US6011098A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 2000-01-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink |
US6100315A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2000-08-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Ink for ink jet recording |
US6258873B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-07-10 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions substantially free of organic liquids |
US6280512B1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-08-28 | Scitex Digital Printing, Inc. | Waterfast color inks for ink jet printing |
US6323257B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-11-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink-jet ink compositions containing reactive macromolecular chromophores for digital and textile printing |
-
2001
- 2001-06-27 US US09/893,938 patent/US7037973B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-06-26 SE SE0201979A patent/SE524769C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-26 FI FI20021247A patent/FI20021247A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-26 CA CA002391687A patent/CA2391687A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-27 JP JP2002187223A patent/JP2003103924A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4150997A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1979-04-24 | Recognition Equipment Incorporated | Water base fluorescent ink for ink jet printing |
US4476031A (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1984-10-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile treatment compositions |
US4838940A (en) * | 1987-02-21 | 1989-06-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image recording ink |
US5352283A (en) * | 1992-04-22 | 1994-10-04 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Jet inks avoiding solid formation |
US6011098A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 2000-01-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink |
US5958999A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1999-09-28 | Cabot Corporation | Ink compositions and method for generating images produced therefrom |
US5730789A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-03-24 | Scitex Digital Printing, Inc. | Waterfast infrared scannable inks for ink jet printing |
US5990201A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-11-23 | Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha | Pseudo-plastic aqueous ink for ball point pen |
US6100315A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2000-08-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Ink for ink jet recording |
US6258873B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-07-10 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions substantially free of organic liquids |
US6323257B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-11-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink-jet ink compositions containing reactive macromolecular chromophores for digital and textile printing |
US6280512B1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-08-28 | Scitex Digital Printing, Inc. | Waterfast color inks for ink jet printing |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9434201B2 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2016-09-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet recording medium and methods therefor |
US8720278B1 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2014-05-13 | The Boeing Company | Method of detecting inconsistencies in composite structures and stress sensitive coatings used therein |
US9085052B1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2015-07-21 | The Boeing Company | Structural repair having optical witness and method of monitoring repair performance |
US9446575B1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2016-09-20 | The Boeing Company | Monitoring composite manufacturing and repair processes using chromatic films |
US9656453B2 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2017-05-23 | The Boeing Company | Monitoring composite manufacturing and repair processes using chromatic films |
US9931827B2 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2018-04-03 | The Boeing Company | Structural repair having optical witness and method of monitoring repair performance |
US10768128B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2020-09-08 | The Boeing Company | Systems and methods of monitoring a thermal protection system |
US11249040B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2022-02-15 | The Boeing Company | Systems and methods of monitoring a thermal protection system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003103924A (en) | 2003-04-09 |
SE524769C2 (en) | 2004-09-28 |
US20030018101A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
FI20021247A (en) | 2002-12-28 |
CA2391687A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 |
FI20021247A0 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
SE0201979D0 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
SE0201979L (en) | 2002-12-28 |
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