US702950A - Carriage-feed mechanism for type-writing machines. - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 24, I902.

1;. w. HOWELL, IR. CARRIAGE FEED MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

(Application filed Feb. 21, 1901.)

5 Sheet-$heet I.

(No Model.)

R D T N E V N No. 702,950. v Patented June 24, I902.

c. w. HOWELL, IR.

CARRIAGE FEED MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

(Application filed Feb. 21, 1901.)

WITNESSES: I

ATTORNEYS m: mums vavzns 00.. PHOTO LIYHO.. WASHINGTON 01c.

No. 702,950. Patented June 24, I902.

c. w. now In. CARRIAGE FEED I ECHANISI F0 PE WRITING IAOHIIES.

(Applicatiqn fllod. Feb. 21, 1901. (lo lodol.)

5 Sheets-Shut 3,

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS No. 702,950. E Iatanted lune 24, 1902.

C. W. HOWELL, In. CARRIAGE FEED MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

(Application filed Feb. 21, 1901.!

(No Model.)

5 Shoots-Sheet 4.

ulm Hill-III I Rh H man

2% my y WITNESSES:

JWKW

ATTORNEYS THE NORRIS vzrsns co. PHoro-umu, WASHIN No. 702,950. Patented June 24, I902. c. w. HOWELL, In. CARRIAGE FEED MECHANISM FOR TYPE WRITING IACHINES.

(Application filed Pub. 21, 1901) E 5 Shuts-Sheet 5.

(lo Nodal.)

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS @WITNESSES% %M%M NURRIs PETERS w, Pum'uurua, wasuma UNITED STATE PATENT @rnrcn.

CHARLES WV. HOWELL, JR., OF NEWARK, NEIV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE W'AGNER TYPEIVRITER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORA- TION OF NEIV YORK.

CARRIAGE-FEED MECHANISM FOR TYPE-WRITING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 702,950, dated June 24, 1902.

Application filed February 21, 1901. Serial No. 48,263. No mode s:

To all whom it mm/y concern: accidentally skip or he accidentally released Be it known that I, CHARLES W. HOWELL, from the escapement during the operation of .Ir., a citizen of the United States, residing at the machine.

Newark, Essex county, State of New Jersey, In the accompanying drawings, wherein have invented certain new and useful Imlike reference charactersindicate correspondprovements in Carriage-Feed Mechanism for ing parts in the various views, Figure I is a TypeWVriting Machines, of which the followcentral vertical View, taken from front to rear,

ing is a specification. of a type-writing machine embodying myin- My invention relates to type-writing mavention. Fig. II is a like view of the same 10 chines, and more particularly tothe carriagewith parts broken away, the section being feed mechanism in such machines. taken ona planeadjacent to one end of the ma- Heretofore various escapements have been chine and with the carriage moved to the oppodevised with a view to rendering the speed site end. Fig. Illis an enlarged detail vertical of the feed of the carriage commensurate with sectional view of a portion of the machine to 15 the capabilities of the most rapid operators be hereinafter described. Fig. IV is a plan to operate the keys of the machine, but it has view of the same. Fig. V is a view similar been found impossible in practice to provide to that shown in Fig. IV, except that the such a device even by the employment of the parts are in somewhat different positions. so-callec speed or reverse dog arrange- Figs. VI to VIILinclusive, are diagrammatic 2o ments which in theory meet the requirement, views for use in explaining the action of the but which in practice have been found unfeed mechanism. Fig. IX is a rear view of available for the spcediest operators, such the carriage with parts in section. Fig. X is operators writing more than one letter upon an end view of the frame carrying the feedthe same point before the carriage can be fed. dogs, with parts in section, looking in the 0p- 25 It has also been found that extreme uniformposite direction to the illustration in Fig. I. ity of rapidity of key stroke or depression Fig. XI is alike view showing one of the dogs must be developed by the operator using such with the escapement-wheel and the cam abutdevices in order to prevent blurring of the ment which throws the dog-frame laterally; writing caused by the papeucarriage moving and Fig. XII is a sectional elevation of parts 0 while the type are striking the paper to make in the same position as in Fig. I with certain the imprint, and also to maintain corrcctlatmechanism omitted, so as to show princieral alinement or equal spacing between the pally the escapement-wheel, the dog-carrying letters,as such devices are adjusted torelease frame, the universal bar, and their connecthe carriage before the type have reached the tions.

5 paper or printing-point. It will readily be In illustrating my present invention Ihave seen that such devices are limited to the use shown it applied to the well-known Under-- of the very spcediest operators and are usewood type-writingmachine, thoughitshould less to the operators whose speed varies acbe understood that the mechanism constitutcording to their familiarity with the matter ing theinventionis applicable to various char- 0 to be written, and the efficiency of the maacters of type-writing machines and may be 0 chine is reduced, as the capabilities of differ-v applied to any type-writing machine wherein ent operators are rarely alike. it is available.

The principal objects of my invention are In the machine shown in the accompanying to overcome the difliculties above referred to, drawings, 1 designates the framing of the ma- 45 to provide a more rapid, durable, and efficient chine, in which a segment 2 is mounted. The 5 carriage-feed and escapement mechanism type-bars 3 are pivoted to the segment, as inthan has been heretofore devised and one that dicated at 4, and each type-bar is connected will be equally efficient when used by either to a link 5, that is pivoted to a fixed portion I the slowest or spcediest operator, and one of the machine, as indicated at (3. Each of 50 wherein it is impossible for the carriage to these links is connected to a key-lover 7, as

' said shaft in a vertical direction.

rack meshes witha pinion 21.

may be seen at Sin dotted lines in Fig. I. The key-levers are each pivoted to the framing of the machine, as shown at 9, while each of said levers is provided with the usual finger-key 10, thus providing hand-operated means for moving each of the type-bars or type-carriers 3.

A carriage 11 has lugs or cars 12, which surround a traverse-rod 13. The forward end of the carriage 11 is provided with a roller 14, which bears upon a traverse-rod 15. The carriage 11 supports a platen-frame 16, in which the platen 17 is carried. The platen-frame likewise supports a roller 18, that is adapted to bear upon a rail 19, that is adapted to be shifted vertically to bring about upper and lower case writing.

So much of the machine as has been thus far described constitutes part of the wellknown Underwood machine.

The carriage 11 has rigidly secured thereto a rack 20, which extends substantially throughout the length of the platen, and this This pinion 21 is connected to or may be integral with a vertically-disposed shaft 22, mounted in a suitable fixed portion of the machine, and is provided with a spline 23, which is seated in a spline-groove in one section 24 of a two-part clutch, so that the section 24 of the clutch is adapted at all times to rotate with the shaft 22, but is capable of moving independently of The cl utchsection 24 is likewise provided with a peripheral groove 25, into which pins 26 project. These pins 26 are carried by a vibratory frame 27, which is pivoted at 28 for purposes which willhereinaftermore fullyappear. Thelower edge of the clutch-section has ratchet-teeth 29, that are adapted to engage cooperating ratchet-teeth 30 on the sleeve 31, which constitutes the second clutch-section. This clutchsection is connected to or forms part of a star or escapement wheel 32. This escapementwheel constitutes one of the feed members of the escapement mechanism and is in a sense a circular rack, with which the feed-dogs cooperate. A pin 33 extends through the sleeve 31 and projects into a groove 34 in the shaft 22, so as to permit a free rotary movement of the star-wheel and the clutch-section 31, but which prevents a vertical movement of'these parts. The swinging frame 27,11ereinbefore referred to, is normally maintained in the lowermost position by a spring 27 so as to maintain the clutch-sections 24 and 31 in engagement with each other. The swinging frame 27 is, however, connected to a link 35, that is guided in its movement by a'pin-andslot connection 36 and is operatively connected at its upper end to a rod 37. This rod 37 is movably connected to the carriage and ex tends throughout the length thereof. The rod 37 is supported upon links 38, that are pivoted to each end of the carriage, as indicated at 39. One of these links 38 is connected to a lever 40, which is provided with a finger or release key 41. (See Fig. II.) By depressing the key 41 the lever 40 will be moved against the tension of its spring 42, and the link 35 will be raised by the rod 37, thus disengaging the clutch-section 24 from its cooperating clutch-section 31, when the carriage is free to be moved by hand.

A swinging vibratory dog-carrying frame 43 is pivoted to a fixed portion of the machine, as indicated at 44. Carried by or formed integral with this dog-carrying frame 43 is a so-called rigid dog 45, and pivoted to the frame at 46 is the so-called loose or movable dog 47. This loose dog47 is preferably supported by ball-bearings working in segmental recesses, as indicated at 47 in order that it may move with the greatest freedom. This loose dog 47 is connected to one end ofa spring 48, as indicated at 49 the other end of said spring being connected to a pin 49, carried by a fixed portion of the machine. Projecting from the dogcarrying frame 43 are two abutments 50, which may be.

adjustably secured thereto by set-screws 51.

Motion is transmitted to the dog-carrying frame in order to operate the escapement in the following manner: Each of the type-bars 3 is provided with a cam 52, that is adapted to bear against a segmental universal bar 53 in the movement of the bar toward the printing-point. This contact of the cam on any one of the type-bars will force the universal bar 53 in the direction of the arrow a. (See Fig. I.) The universal bar has connected therewith a frame 54, which is adapted to partake of this movement of the universal bar, and the projecting fingers or abutments 55 of this frame are adapted to cotiperate' with the fingers or abutments 50, that are carried by the dog-carrying frame in themovement of the frame 54 in the direction of the arrow a.

The contact between the abutments 50 and 55 will effect a movement of the dog-carrying frame around its pivotal center, thereby elevating or producing a lateral or vibratory movement of both the-rigid and the loose dogs. From an examination of Fig. I of the drawings it will be observed that the pins 49 and 49*, which constitute the means for connecting the spring 48 to the loose dog and to a fixed portion of the machine, are of considerable height,so thatthespring48isnot only effective to'move the dog in the direction of the arrow Z), Figs. IV and V, but itis likewise effective in aiding to restore and maintain both the loose and rigid dog to and in the lowermost or normal position after the frame 54, connected to the universal bar, is permitted to move in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow Ct. the abutments 50 on the dog-carrying frame adjust-able in the manner described I am en abled to regulate the extent of lateral throw imparted to the dog-carrying frame and to the dogs carried thereby. Cooperating with the loose dog 47 or with a part carried thereby is an abutment 56, which abutment in the (See Fig. I.) By making present instance consists of a pin that is carried by a fixed portion of the machine and is provided with a cam-surface 57, (see Fig. 1,) against which the loose dog is adapted to bear in its movement from the position indicated in Fig. IV of the drawings to the position indicated in Fig. V. In this longitudinal movement of the loose dog it first contacts with that portion of the cam which is nearest the periphery or outer circumference of the headed pin, and the force of the impact of the dog with the cam, together with the tension of the spring 48, will cause the loose dog, the rigid frame to which it is connected, and the fixed dog carried by the frame, to be deflected laterally. Thus the longitudinal movement of the loose dog is effective toproduce the lateral movement of both dogs and the consequent escapement of the carriage, as will be shown later. Instead of the cam-surface on the abutment various means may be employed to laterally deflect the loose dog and its cooperating rigid dog by the longitudinal movement or throw of the loose dog; but for simplicity of construction I prefer this means. While various means may be employed to restore the frame 54 and the universal bar to which it is connected to the normal position, I have shown in the present instance the outer end of the frame pivotally connected to links 58, which links are in turn secured to a rock-shaft 59, which turns in a fixed portion of the machine. These links are each connected to a spring 60, which springs are each in turn connected to a fixed pin 61, so that the tension of the spring is exerted in the direction of the arrow 0, Fig. II, to restore the frame 5st and the universal bar to the normal position. The links 58 may each be serrated along a side thereof, as indicated at 62, so that one end of each of the springs 60 may be made to engage its cooperating link 58 at variable distances from the pivot thereof in order to increase or decrease the tension of the spring.

In order that the escapement maybe operated by the space-bar 63, the space-bar levers (3-1: have operatively connected therewith an arm 65. This arm is provided with a laterally-projecting pin 66, which pin is adapted to bear against a crank-arm 67, connected to the rock-shaft 59, to which the links 58 are rigidly secured. It will thus be understood that a depression of the spacing-bar 63 will cause the pin 66 on the arm 65 to contact with the crank-arm 07, thus rocking the shaft 59 and transmitting a vibratory movement to the links 58, thereby causing the free ends thereof to be moved in a direction opposite to that indicatedbythearrowcinFiglI. Thismovement of the parts will cause the frame 54:, which is connected to the links 58, to be moved in a like direction, thus causing the dog-carrying frame to be shifted around its pivotal center to bring about a feed of the carriage. Upon reference to Figs. I and II of the drawings it will be observed that in the normal position of the parts there represented a considerable movement of the universal bar takes place before the frame 54 has been moved to a position where the fingers 55 thereof will be brought into contact with the abutments 50 of the dog-carrying frame. By reason of this fact the keys are relieved from all strain necessary to effect a movement of the feed mechanism until a type-bar has been moved to a position within a short distance from the printing-point. Prior to this time the cam 52 on a type-bar has been brought into contact with the universal bar 53 to shift it. Thus it will be understood that no straintoeffect a movement of the feed mechanism is offered to a depression of the key until it has acquired considerable momentum and that after an opposing strain is exerted this strain is evenly distributed, by reason of the fact that the movement of the universal bar and the parts connected thereto takes place first and then the contact between the frame 54 and the dogcarrying frame. It will likewise be observed that by my invention there is no necessity for moving the feed-rack, which is carried by the carriage, out of engagement with its cooperating pinion in order to release the carriage, the pinion and rack being maintained in mesh at all times; nor is it necessary to move the circular rack or star-wheel 32, so that the star- 1 wheel may at all times be maintained in position to cooperate with the feed-dogs, and a movement of the carriage back to the normal position at the beginning of a line can be effected without depressing the release-key 4] by reason of the beveling of the teeth of the clutch-sections 24 and 31. A movement of the carriage toward the beginning of a'line will merely cause the clutch-section 24E to ride up on the teeth of the clutch-section 31 and against the tension of the spring of the upper clutch-section 24. As soon as the carriage starts to move in an opposite direction the clutch-sections will be again engaged and further movement of the carriage is prevented.

I will next describe the tabulating mechanism and the means whereby the escapement is automatically released on the operation of the tabulating device.

Reference being had specifically to Fig. II of the drawings, it will be observed that the tabulating-key 69 is connected to the tabulating key-lever '70, which is pivoted at '71, and is provided with an extension 72,that is adapted to bear against a lever 73, pivoted to a fixed portion of the framing of the machine, as indicated at 74. The opposite end of this lever 73 from that which is operatively connected with the extension 72 of the key-let'er 70 is connected by a pin-and-slot connection 75 to a depending arm 76, connected to the rock-shaft 77. This rock-shaft 77 is pivoted to oscillate in the framing of the machine and extends throughout the length thereof and is normally maintained in the initial position by a coiled spring 78. (Represented in Fig II of the drawings.) This bar or rock-shaft 7 7 is provided with teeth 7 8 with which teeth the stop 83, carried by the carriage. The stop 83 in the present instance is formed as part of one of the ears 12, which surrounds the traverse-rod 13. The handle 84 constitutes handoperated means by which the stop 82 may bevibrated around its pivot to release the teeth thereon from the teeth carried by the rock shaft 'or bar 77. When this disengagement takes place, the slide is free to be moved along the bar or rod 77 to set the stop in the proper position to arrest the carriage at the desired point for column-work. The stop 82 is likewise provided with a pointer 85, which cooperates with a longitudinally-extending bar 86, that is carried by the bar 77 and eX- tends throughout the whole or a considerable extent of the framing of the machine. This bar 86 carries indices (not shown) which correspond to the scale 87 at the front of the machine. Inthis manner the stop may be set at any desired point for. column-work.

WVhile I have described buta single tabulating-stop, it is obvious that a plurality of such stops may be employed.

By referring to Fig. I of the drawings, it will be observed that a depending arm 88 is carried by the rock-shaft 77, and pivotally connected to this depending arm 88 is a link or-ligament 89. This link 89 is provided with a slotted portion 90, into which projects a pin 91. This pin 91 is carried by a crank-arm 92, which is connected to and constitutes a portion of the rocking frame 27. The slot 90 in the link 89 is-so proportioned that the end thereof will be brought into contact with the pin 91 before the link has received its full movement, so as to transmit motion to the crank-arm 92, and thus move the frame 27 around its pivot 28, thereby disconnecting the clutch-section 24 from the cooperating section 31. When this disconnection takes place, the carriage is free to move until it is stopped by the tabulating-stop 82. The oscillation of the rock-shaft 77, just described, will at the same time convey the bar 86 into contact with a leather brake-shoe 93, so called, so as to retard the carriage in its free. movement toward the stop. This same movement of the parts carries the tabulating-stop 82 into the path of the stop 83 upon the carriage, and thus arrests the movement of the carriage. When the key'69 is released, the rock-shaft 77 and the parts connected thereto will resume their normal position. (Represented by Figs. I and II of the drawings.) This movement of the parts to the normal position will cause the clutch-section 24 to be moved to the lowermost position, where it will engage the cooperating clutch-section 31, and'thus prevent afurther movement of the carriage from right to left.

From the foregoing description itwill be seen that the two-part clutch 24-31 can .be disengaged by hand either by the depression of the finger-key 41, carried by the carriage, or by an operation of the tabulating-key 69.

It will likewise be understood that in the movement of the carriage byhand from left to right and without depressing the finger-key ll the teeth of the sections of the two-part clutch 24-31 will ride over each other and will not form an obstruction to the free move ment of the carriage in this direction. Again it will be seen that irrespective of the manner in which the carriage is moved, whether from left to right, without depressing the release-key 41 by depressing the tabulating-key 69 to permit the carriage to move from right to left or by depressing the hand-operated release-key ell to permit a hand-operated movement of the carriage in either direction the star-wheel 32 and the cooperating dogs will always be maintained in the same position with relation to each other. In other words, any movement which may be transmitted to the carriage other than by an operation of the keys may be performed without transmitting motion to the feeding mechanism.

By my invention I .am enabled to construct the parts which constitute the escapement mechanism in a very rigid and substantial manner without affecting the rapidity of movement of the parts or without in any way detracting from the speed or operativeness 'of the parts or without in any way changing the character of the writing, whether the operator be slow or speedy. As a matter of fact, it will be found that the heavier certain of the parts of the escapement mechanism are made the greater will be the speed attained. Thus, for instance, any increase in the size or weight of the loose dog 47 will cause a more rapid movement or lateral throw of the dogs, in view of the fact that the impact of the feeddog against its cooperating abutment 56 will be more efficient or more effective to displace both the rigid and loose dogs in a lateral direction.

In order to describe with greater clearnessthe operation of the device forming the subject-matter of my invention, I have illustrated in Figs. VI, VII, and VIII three diagrams. The escapement, as illustrated in Figs. IV and V, will be explained in connection with these diagrams. The parts represented in Fig. IV of the drawings are illustrated in the normal position. This position corresponds to the normal position or position IIO ment of the dog-carrying frame will cause the frame to be moved against the tension of its spring l8, and the fixed and movable dogs will be moved in an upward or lateral direction. The effect of this movement is to release the movable dog 47 from contact with the teeth (Z of the star-wheel and at the same time to bring the rigid dog 45 into contact with said tooth d before it has a chance to move in the direction of the arrows to in Figs. IV and V. When the loose dog 47 is released in the manner described, the tension of the spring 48 will cause said dog to be moved around its pivot and to be forced into contact with the abutment 56. This contact of the dog $7 with the abutment 56 will cause both of the dogs to be moved in a lateral direction opposite to that in which they weremoved by the fingers 55 of the frame 54. This lateral movement of the dogs with the dog-frame 53 causes the movable dog L7 to be interposed in the path of the next adjacent tooth e of the star-wheel. This movement of the loose feed-dog will take place at about the time when the key 10 is fully depressed. This full depression of the key corresponds to the position of the type-bar represented in Fig. VII of the drawings, or, in other words, a full depression of a type-key will cause the type-bar to be moved to the printing position and will cause at about this moment the release of the loose dog in the manner described. Before the type-bar has had time to rebound to any considerable extent from contact with the paper on the platen, or before it has had time to pass out of the type-bar guide 94, the universal bar will be moved back toward the normal position sufficiently far to withdraw the frame 5%, and the fingers 55 thereon, a sufficient distance to permit a slight movement of the dog-carrier on its pivotal center. This movement of the dog-carrier toward the normal position is effective to release the tooth'd of the star-wheel from the rigid dog 45, thereby permittingthe star-wheel to rotate inthe direction of the arrow 50, Figs. IV and V, one step, or, in other words, until the tooth c has attained the position of the tooth d in Figs. IV and V. The extent of movement of the typeba-r back from the paper on the plat-en may be varied by an adjustment of the abutments 50 on the dog-carrier, but is approximately indicated by the diagram shown in Fig. VIII of the drawings. During the movement of the star-wheel from the position indicated in Fig. V to a position where the tooth will attain the same position as the tooth (Z in Fig. IV of the drawings the loose dog 4'7 will be conveyed back against the tension of its spring to the position represented in Fig. IV, it being understood that the tension of the main spring of the carriage is sufficient to overcome the tension of the spring 48 in order to bring about this longitudinal movement of the loose dog. The loose dog 47 is limited in this backward or feed movement by a pin 95 and when arrested by this pin in the manner described will prevent further rotation of the star-wheel until the escapement is again operated by a type-bar in the manner described. Upon reference to Figs. 1V and V of the drawings it will be seen that the rigid dog 45 is cut away upon one side thereof, as indicated at 96, for

the free passage of the teeth of the star-wheel when the rigid dog is moved laterally in a downward direction or when the tooth e moves to the position of the tooth d in Figs. IV and V. Upon reference to Fig. I of the drawings it will be seen that the space between the upper face of the rigid pawl 96 and the lower face of the loose dog is insulficieut to permit a tooth of the star-wheel from escaping between the two dogs when said dogs are in the same vertical plane. For this reason it will be impossible for the star-wheel to move more than the distance between two teeth without vibrating the dog-carrier laterally.

From what has been said it will be understood that a feed of the carriage takes place and necessarily takes place the instant an imprint has been made and that it will be impossible to pile up letters upon the paper, because of the fact that the escapement is operated and the carriage fed before a typebar is withdrawn from the type-bar guide.

lVhile I have described with considerable detail one form or embodiment oftmy invention, I would have it understood that various changes in construction may be made without departing from the spirit of myinvention. Thus, for instance, while I have referred specifically to the employment of a star-wheel or circular rack which oodperates with a plurality of feed-dogs, it should be understood that a plurality of racks and a single feeddog may be employed instead. Then, again, it is obvious that the parts may be variously disposed in order to adapt the invention to various types of type-writing machines in which the subject-matter of the invention may be embodied.

I have likewise referred to the vertical and horizontal disposition of the various parts of the structure; but it should be understood that such reference is made for the purpose of clearer description and that there is no in tention to confine myself to such disposition of the parts. So far as I am aware I am the first to employ the throw or longitudinal movement of a feed element to bring about the lateral movement thereof, and such I desire to claim broadly.

Reference will be made in the claims to feeding or feed elements, and by such termsI wish to be understood to designate any feed element or elements employed in atypewriting machine whether said element or elements be in the nature of a feed-dog, a rotary star-wheel, such as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, or a feed rack or racks of the character commonly employed in typewriting machines.

It will be observed that the escapement shown is such that it may be readily removed as a whole from the machine without dismounting other portions of the machine.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement member operatively connected with the carriage, a second escapement member cooperating with the first-mentioned escapement member, key-operated mechanism for actuating said second member, a clutch controlling the connection of the escapement with the carriage, releasing mechanism connected with said clutch to release the carriage, said mechanism being carried by the framing of the machine and provided with an operating member, and

hand-operated means carried by the carriage I and provided with a part which during its movement with the carriage remains in operative relation to a part of the releasing I mechanism.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of escapement mechanism, a universal bar normally out of contact with said mechanism so that said bar will have an independent movement before it engages and operates the escapement mechanism, a type-carrier arranged tooperate the universal bar, means for operating such type-carrier at first independently of the universal bar and then in unison with said bar.

3. An escapement mechanism comprising a ieed-rack, a movable dog-carrier, aiixed dog and a loose dog mounted on said carrier and arranged to engage the rack and to move I ransversely thereof, a spring connected with the loose dog and havinga tendency to throw it longitudinally of the rack when said dog is disengaged from the rack by the transverse movement of the dog-carrier, and astationary deflecting abutment against which the loose dog is thrown by the spring when said dog is released from the rack, said abutment acting to move the dog-carrier transversely in the opposite direction to its first movement so as to bring the loose dog in operative relation to the rack, and the fixed dog out of engagement therewith.

4. An escapement mechanism comprising a feed-rack, a dog-carrier movable transversely of the rack, a fixed dog on said carrier, a loose dog arranged on said carrier and movable relatively thereto lengthwise of the rack, means connected with the loose dog and having a tendency to throw it lengthwise of the rack when said loose dog is disengaged from the rack by a transverse movement of the dog-carrier, and a stationary deflecting abutment against which the loose dog is thrown by the longitudinal movement occurring automatically upon the release of said loose dog, said abutment acting to move the dogcarrier in the opposite direction to the movement which releases the loose dog, so as to again bring the loose dog in operative relation to the rack, and the fixed dog out of engagement therewith.

5. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement member operatively connected with the carriage, a second escapement member cooperating with the first-mentioned.escapement member, keyoperated mechanism for operating said second member, a clutch controlling the connection of the escapement with the carriage, releasing mechanism connected with ,said clutch to release the carriage, said mechanism being carried by the framing of the machine and provided with an operating member or link, and hand-operated means carried by the carriage and provided with an operating-rod extending parallel to the direction of the feed and in sliding engagement with the said link.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a member of an escapement operatively connected to said carriage, a second escapement member cooperating with the first-mentioned escapement member, key-operated mechanism for operating said second-named member, spring-pressed clutch mechanism for normally maintaining an operative connection between the escapement and the carriage and hand-operated means carried by the carriage and by the framing of the machine for disconnecting the clutch mechanism to release said carriage from the escapement.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a member of an escapement operatively connected to said carriage, a second escapement member cooperating with the first-mentioned escapement member, key-operated mechanism for operating said second-named member, spring-pressed clutch mechanism for normally maintaining an operative connection between the escapement and the carriage, hand-operated means carried by the carriage for disconnecting the clutch mechanism to release said carriage from the escapement and key-operated mechanism carried by the framing of the machine which key-operated mechanism is operatively connected to the clutch mechanism to disconnect the same and thereby free the carriage from the escapement.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rackcarried by said carriage, a pinion meshing with the rack, escapement mechanism operatively connected to the pinion, disengageable clutch mechanism interposed between the pinion and escapement, hand-operated mechanism carried by the carriage for disconnecting the clutch mechanism without effecting a disengagement of the rack and pinion or the members of the escapement, a tabulating-key and intermediate mechanism between said tabulating-key and clutch mechanism.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said carriage, a pinion meshing with the rack, escapement mechanism operatively connected to the pinion, disengageable clutch mechanism interposed between the pinion and escapement, a tabnlating-key, a movable tabulating-stop,intermediateconnections between said stop and the tabulating-key and intermediate connections between the tabulatingkey and clutch mechanism, whereby an operation of the tabulating-key will interpose a stop in the path of a cooperating stop on the carriage and will disconnect the clutch mechanism to release the carriage.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said carriage, a pinion meshing with the rack, escapement mechanism operatively connected to the pinion, disengageable clutch mechanism interposed between the pinion and escapement, hand-operated mechanism for disconnecting the clutch mechanism without effecting a disengagement of the rack and pinion or the members of the escapement, a tabulating-key, a movable tabulating-stop, intermediate connections between said stop and the tabulating-key and intermediate connections between the tabulating-key and clutch mechanism,whereby an operation of the tabulating-key will interpose the stop in the path of acooperating stop on the carriage and will disconnect the clutch mechanism to release the carriage.

11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said carriage, a feed-rack, operative connections between said carriage and feed-rack, which connections comprise a disengageable clutch, means for disengaging said clutch, a laterally-vibratingfeed-dog,alongitudinally-movable feed-dog which is likewise capable of vibrating laterally both of said dogs cooperating with the feed-rack and cooperating means for effecting a lateral movement of both dogs bythe longitudinal movement of the longitudinally-movable dog.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said carriage, a feed-rack, operative connections between said carriage and feed-rack, which connections comprise a disengageable clutch, means for disengaging said clutch, a laterallyvibrating feeddog, a longitudinallymovable feed-dog, which is likewise capable of vibrating laterally, both of said dogs cooperating with the feed-rack, cooperating means for elfecting a lateral movement of both dogs by the longitudinal movement of the longitudinally-movable dog, a type-carrier, handoperated mechanism for moving said typecarrier and means controlled by said handoperated mechanism for moving the feeddogs laterally.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said carriage, a feed-rack, operative connections between said racks, which connections comprise a spring-pressed disengageable clutch,

hand-operated means carried by the carriage for disengaging said clutch, a laterally-vibrating feed-dog, a longitudinally-movable feed-dog which is likewise capable of vibrating laterally, both of said dogs cooperating with the feedrack, cooperating means for effecting a lateral movement of both dogs by the longitudinal movement of the longitudinally-movable dog, a type-carrier, hand-operated mechanism for'moving said type-carrier, and means controlled by said hand-operated mechanism for moving the feed-dogs laterally.

14:. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack carried by said.

carriage, a pinion meshing with the rack, escapement mechanism operatively connected to the pinion, disengageable clutch mechanism interposed between the pinion and cscapement, a tabulating device which is operatively connected to the clutch mechanism to disengage the clutch when the tabulator is operated and a brake which is controlled by said tabulator to retard the movement of the carriage when it is freed by the disengagement of the clutch.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a movable bar carried by said carriage, hand-operated means for moving said bar independently of the carriage, escapement mechanism, intermediate clutch mechanismbetween said escapement and the carriage to operatively connect the escapement to the carriage, a connection between the movable bar and the clutch mechanism whereby the clutch mechanism may be moved at will by the hand-operated means, tabulating mechanism and an intervening connection between the tabulating mechan ism and the clutch mechanism whereby the clutch may be operated or disengaged either by the tabulating mechanism or the handoperated means.

16. An escapement mechanism comprising a feed-rack, a vibratory dog-carrier, a fixed feed-dog and aloose feed-dog carried by said carrier, a spring connected to said loose dog and to a stationary part for operating the dog and the dog-carrier and an abutment with which the loose dog is adapted to contact when it is free to be moved by the spring, whereby the dog-carrier will be moved around its pivotal center.

17. An escapement mechanism comprising a feed-raclga vibrating dog-carrier, a fixed feed-dog and a loose feed-dog carried by said carrier, a spring connected to said loose dog and to a stationary part for operating the dog and the dog-carrier, an abutment with which the loose dog is adapted to contact when it is free to be moved by the spring, whereby the dog-carrier will be moved around its pivotal center in one direction, a type-carrier and means operatively connected to the type-carrier for moving the dog-carrier in an opposite direction.

18. An escapement mechanism comprising a feed-rack, a movable dog-carrier, a fixed dog and a loose dog mounted on said carrier and arranged to engage the rack and to move transversely thereof, a spring connected with the loose dog and having a tendency to separate it from the fixed dog in a longitudinal direction when said loose dog is disengaged from the rack by a transverse movement of the dog-carrier, and a stationary deflectingabutment against which the loose dog is thrown by the spring when said dog is refrom the fixed dog in a longitudinal direction, and a stationary deflecting-abutment against which the loose dog is thrown by the spring when said dog is disengaged from the rack, to deflect said dog and the dog-carrier transversely.

20. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a fixed rack carried by said carriage a pinion engaging the rack on the carriage, a splined clutch-section operatively connected to the pinion, hand-operated means carried by the carriage for moving the clutch-section, tabulating mechanism and an intervening connection between said tabulating mechanism and clutch-section, a looselymounted star-wheel, a second clutch-section.

carried by said star-wheel and cooperating 4o lVitnesses:

CHARLES E. SMITH, GEO. E. MORSE.

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