US702720A - Machine for husking corn. - Google Patents

Description

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MACHINE F03 HUSKING CORN.

(Application filed May 22, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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w. H. GERHARD.` wlAcHmlzv Fon HusKlNs conn.'

(Application led May 22, 1900.)

(N0 Model.)

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, MACHIN FOR HUSKING CORN.

(Application led May 22, 1900.)

a sums-sheet 3.

nu Model.)

mus Perils co Puomuwo. WASHINGTON, Q. l

UNITED STATES WILLIAM II. GERNAND, OF ALVIN, ILLINOIS.

MACHINE FOR HusKlNG- CORN.

SPECIFICATION forming par: of Letters Patent No. 702,720, daten-June 17, 1902. Application iiled May Z2, 1900.` Serial No. 17,530. (lITo model.)l i

Improvements in Machines for Husking Corn;

and I dodeclare the following to' be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and `use the same, reference being had tothe accompany-- ing drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to machines for husking corn; and it has for its object'toprovide such a machine in which by an improved construction and arrangement of parts the husks will be stripped from the ears of corn andthe ears detached from the cornstalks and deposited in a wagon-body or other receiver as the husking-machine is moved through the corn-field..v 1

It has, further, for its object to provide-'an improved construction and arrangementl of the stripping-rolls.l l f V It has, further, for its object to provide one of the rolls with shifting grippers, which have the function of being moved' forward inthe rotation of the roll in which they are attached, i

so as to grip the husks at theb'uttofthefear and hold the husks until the ear isdetached and then to be retracted, whereby the 'husks are more effectively removed and less power required to eifect the husking and injuryto the grains of corn on the ear prevented; also, to provide simple means for insuring'they delivery of the severed ears into thedelivery chute or trough from which the ears" are de'- livered intothe wagon-body or other receiver ;VV also, to provide a construction b v whichtwo rows may be operated "upon in the forward movement of the husking-machine, the rows being operated upon in succession or alternation as the machine advances; also, to provide simple and efficient means for adjusting the height atV which the husking mechanism shall operate, and also to generally provide a construction and arrangement in' which -the machine will be simplified by having as few parts as possible for efliciently performing the work.

To the accomplishment vof, the foregoing and -such other objects as may hereinafter appear the invention consists inthe construction and in the combination of parts hereinafter particularlST described and then sought i to be clearly defined by the claims,reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

forming a part hereof, and yin which-- Figure lis a side elevation of the machine;

Fig. 2, a planof the sameshowing the man- I ner of' connectingit with the wagon-body. Fig. 3 is a side elevation illustrating the elevating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a sideelevation of a modiedrform. Fig. 5 is a cross-section,

enlarged, on the line'55 of Fig. 6; and Fig.

6 is a plan of Fig. 5 with a part of the frame broken away to show the iiuted roller with its shifting grippers.I

In the drawings the numeral l designates a frame, which preferably is made of angle-iron and in which is journaled the axle 2 of a drive wheel 3, said axle having sprocketwheels 4, from which chains 5 pass to smaller sprockets 6 on shafts 7, each of which shafts carries a bevel-gear 8, meshing witha bevelpinion'Q, mounted on'the end `of a longitudinally-tinted roll 10, which roll stands 'iii 'an inclined-position and constitutes one of the husking-rolls. The Vhnsking-roll l0 and its companion parallel rolls l1 and 12 are jour- V m naled in suitable bearings supported from the guides which direct ythe cornstalks into line to be received between Vthe rolls as the machine advances. These guides, which are designatedby the numeralsl and 14, are preferably'made of angle-iron, the guide lfhaving the horizontal 'lportionof the iron at its bottomiand the guide llhaving its horizontal portion at the top, the two guides being spaced apart, asindi'cated ingFig. 2, Afor the passage ofthe cornstalks. The roll 11,Which has a smoothsurface, is jokurnaled in sliding boxes 15, itting in brackets '16, extending from the guide 13, each box 15 being under, theinfluence of a spring 17, so that the roller `llwill exert a yielding pressure on theicorn'stalk,

thus causing' the stalk tofbe held byyielding pressure between the" tinted ro1land the smooth roll 11, and thus prevent undue strain on the parts by reason of the varying thickness ofthe stalks and also causing the stalks to be always grasped by airm but yielding IOO pressure. The other smooth roll 12 is journaled in the brackets 1S, which extend from the guide 14, and it lies over the space between the rolls 10 and 11 and parallel with said rolls, and it serves to press the ears of corn toward the roll 11, so that when the ears are severed from the stalk they will fall over the roll 11 and into the trough located to one side ther'eof to receive the ears, said trough being designated by the numeral 19 and being inclined, as illustrated. The iuted roll 10 is provided in each of its cavities with a sliding gripper 20, the grippers being illustrated as made in concave or semicircular form and being held in their cavities by means of screws 21, passed through slots 22 made in the grippers, so that each gripper may have a transverse sliding movement, each gripper having one edge formed with serrations or teeth 23. It will be observed that under this construction in the rotation of the roll 10 the forward edge of each gripper first comes in contact with the butt-end of the ear of corn and is pressed so as to project the rear or serrated edge of the gripper beyond the periphery of the roll and against the butt-end of the ear of corn, the teeth of the gripper piercing the husks and taking a flrm hold thereon, which it retains until the forward edge of the gripper leaves the point of contact with the ear and stalk and that from such point the rear or toothed edge is retracted, so as to loose its grip upon the husks. By this action the grippers are made to take a rni hold on the husks and draw on the same during the period that the stalk is being drawn down between the rolls and the ear is being pressed sidewise by the overhanging roll 12 during and after the breaking or severing of the ear from the stalk, and thus the hnsks are more thoroughly separated from the ear of corn and the latter discharged to one side entirely free of the husks and without having the grains of corn shelled from the cob. This construction also enables the husking to be effected with the expenditure of less power than otherwise.

For the purpose of moving or feeding the stalks between the guides 13 and 14 as the machine is moved forward an endless belt or chain 23 is employed, said chain being provided with fingers 24 and passing around the sprockets 25 and 2G, mounted upon studs 27 and 28, screwed into the top portion of the angle-iron guide 14, there being also provided a sprocket 29, the stem 30 of which is provided at its lower end with a bevel-gear 31, with which meshes a bevel-gear 32, connected with the end of the roller 10, so that motion will thus be transmitted to the endless feedchain in such manner as to press the stalk inwardly between the guides as the machine is moved forward, the stalks being thus guided and directed to the lower ends of the rolls by which they are grasped and properly fed as the machine moves onward, the lower or forward ends of each of the rolls being made tapering, as illustrated, so as to avoid chokroar/lao ing of the machine by the stalks coming in contact with abrupt edges of the rolls, the endless feed-chain holding and feeding the stalks until the stalks are grasped by the stripping-rolls. As the ears of corn are severed from the stalk those which are severed by the outside set of husking or stripping rolls drop into the inclined spout or trough 19, while those severed by the inner set of stripping-rolls fall into the chute or trough 33 and slide down the same, both troughs at their lower ends discharging into an elevator-trough 34, which at its upper end discharges into the wagon-body 35, the elevator-trough 34 being provided with a chain elevator 36, provided with carrier blades or blocks 37, said chain at its upper end passing. around a sprocket 38 and at its lower end beneath the trough around a sprocket 39, mounted upon a shaft 40, which carries a bevel-gear 41, with which meshes a bevel-gear 42, attached to the lower end of a shaft 43, revolving in suitable brackets 44 and having atits upperend a bevel-gear 45, with which meshes a bevel-gear 46 on one of the shafts 7, by which means motion is transmitted to the chain elevator.

It will be observed that one set of the stripper rolls and guides are located in advance of the other set. The purpose of this is to enable two rows of corn to be husked at the same time in the forward movement of the husking-machine and without both sets of husking-rolls actually husking at the same moment, the arrangement of the two sets, one in advance of the other, enabling them to husk and strip the ears of corn from the rows in alternation, the rolls of one set grasping the stalks in their path while those of the other set are passing from one stalk to the next in its path of travel, and so on in alternation. This enables more than one row to be husked in the forward movement of the machine without imposing upon the machine the work of husking from the two rows at the same moment, which if done would throw too much work upon the machine and require too much power to operate the machine; but by arranging the different sets of stripping-rolls in the manner indicated the result sought is accomplished without imposing too much upon the machine. As illustrated in the drawings, the distance which the forward ends of one set of husking-rolls lie in advance of the other set of husking-rolls is at an angle other than forty-five degrees, and whenever such angle is referred to it is meant to define and is to be understood merely as an illustration of such an angle as will permit the two sets of husking-rolls to operate in alternation, as previously described.

The husking mechanism, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, is connected with the wagon-body by means of a rod 47, which is passed through slotted brackets 4S, connected to the frame 1, and into a tube or sleeve 40, secured to the wagon-body, said tube or sleeve being preferably placed to the IOC IIO

wagon-bodyby means of angle-irons50which will t'to the lower edgesy of the `rear-bottom portion of the body. This rod is: prevented from sliding in the tube or sleeve bymeans of pins 51, and the frame lis prevented from moving lengthwise of the rod 47 by means' of one or more pins 52, passed into the'rod at the sideof the brackets 48, this m'ode'o'fc'onnection at the same time permitting` the frame I to be'tilted, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig.. 3,so' that I[he stripping-rolls :and their guides may be adjusted upk or down toac'commodate the mechanism toA theconditions .I of the cornstalks, thus enabling the husking apparatus 'to begin its work near the point wherevthe lowermost earsof corn are on Vthe stalks, in some elds the ears of corn being lower than in others. The'stability of the connection betweenV the frame l and the" wagon-body'is further insured by a slotted bracket 53, connected to a suitablepart of4 the frame l and having the rod 54 passing through it,said rod being secured to the wagonbody in manner similar to the rod 47 and otherwise held in place as previously described for the rod 47. These slotted brackets'also enable the husking apparatus to be connected y to wagon-bodies of different heights.

' The husking apparatusis'raised andv lowered by means of.a lever55, which'is ful-A crumed to the wagon-body at 56 and is connected with the husking apparatus by a rod j 57, which will beheld to the lever and. also to a collar 58, extending from the side of the husking'apparatus by means of pins v59, so that by removing saidpins and sliding'said rod the connection between-the wagon-body and the'huskin'g apparatus may be separated,

-the ends of said rod being .made angular where they fit to the lever and to saidfcollar.

The lever is held to its adj usted position byV its bolt 60 engaging the notched rack 61, se-

Vcu'redft'o the wagon-body. Under the connections described when onelwagon-body .is

filled with husked corn itmay de detached `fromthe huskingapparatus and replaced by another wagon connected vup inthe same manner.

. In Figs. l, 2, and 3 of the drawings the` Vhusking mechanism is illustrated as driven from a power-wheel Sindependent of the wheels 62 and 63 of the'wagon, which powery, wheel may be of a differentdiameter from the .wagon-wheels, and the gearing through which power will be transmitted from the power-wheel to the stripping-rolls and feedchain, will be so proportioned as toigive the proper motion to the parts inthe` advancement of the machine, and it may be here mentioned that the shaft 2of the vpower-wheel 3 may be` provided with a ratchet or clutch mechanism, suchas is in `common use for the purpose of operating the parts onlyin the forward movement of the machine, said parts being thrown out of operationby the ratchet mechanism in any backward movement of the machine, which ratchet mechanism, however,

given of the same. `changes can be made in the details and essential features of my invention still be retained.l

it is not necessary to illustrate, as the 4.same

is commonand wellknownl and forms no partv of the invention. Y

In Fig. 4 of the drawings, however, .I have illustrated one formfofth'e invention, in which is employed a singlefsetiofjstripping-rollsinstead of two sets, as in.Fig. 2. In this modiiied form the construction'A and arrangement and operationv of theistrip'ping-rolls and of in Fig. 2 of the drawings.. In Fig. 4, however, showing the modified form,the frame 64,which the guides and of the feed-chains are the'same as in each of the two sets of thestripping mechanism `or corresponding parts illustrated supports the stripping-rolls, will be bolted'di- Vrect to the side of the wagon-bodyas illustrated, and the power will be transmitted to the lnted roll 10 through a bevel-gear 65, suitably'mounted and meshing with the bevelgear 9 of the roll 10,- said gear 65 deriving its Vmotion from` the wagon-wheell 62 through a chain 66, which passes around a Asprocketwheel 67, attached to the wagon-wheel 62 and around a smaller sprocket-wheel 68, mounted upon the same shaft asthe `bevel-gear` 65, as l,

`illustrated in'Fig. 4. In this modification the earsof corn as they are detached from the stalks are directed to one side by the smooth idler-roll l2 the same as in the other form of the invention and into lthe inclined trough 69,

Ving turned inwardly for that purpose. Motion will be transmitted to the carrier-chain 70 by means of a sprocket 74, engaging the links of the chain and derivingits motion from the chain66, which-engages that sprocket.

It willv be understood that theremay be ern-` ployed a ratchet or clutch mechanism in connection with the wagon-wheel 62, so as to have IOO IIO

motion transmitted only in the forward moveg ment of the wagon, which mechanism, khowever, it is not necessary to illustrate, asit is common and forms nopart of ,this invention.

Under the construction andarrangement of parts described la very efficient,cornhusk-` ing machine is made which is composed of comparativelyfew parts Yrequiring but' com- Iparatively little power to operate the machine,

the several features possessing'theadvantages pointedout in the detailed description It is also obvious'that Having ydescribed my ,invention and set forthits merits, .what I claim is- 1. In a husking-machine, a husking-roll having grippers mounted thereon and movable transversely to the tperiphery topermit izo one edge of the gripper to be projectedwhile4 p p the opposite edge'` retreats whereby. as `one f edge engages theear of corn the oppositeedge is projected to engage the'butt-end ofthe year of corn in the rotation of the roll, substantially as described.

2. In ahusking-inachine, ahusking-roll provided with concave slidable grippers adapted in the rotation of the roll to have one edge of the gripper to retreat while the other edge is projected into engagement with the butt-end of the ear of corn in the rotation of the roll, substantially as described.

3. Inahuskingmachine, ahusking-roll provided with grippers slidable transversely of its periphery with one free edge to be projected as the opposite edge retreats to adapt them by engagement of one edge with an ear of corn to have the other edge projected into engagement with the butt-end of the ear in the rotation of the roll, and a yielding roll arranged opposite to the first-named roll and adapted to exert a yielding pressure on the cornstalk in passing between the two rolls, substantially as described.

4. In a husking-machine, a husking-roll adapted in its rotation to have a part thereof engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a yielding roll arranged opposite to the first-named roll and adapted to exert a yielding pressure on the cornstalk in passing between the rolls, and a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to press the ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, substantially as described.

5. In ahusking-machine, ahusking-rollprovided with movable grippers adapted in the rotation of the roll to have one edge projected to engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a yielding roll arranged opposite to said firstnamed roll and adapted to exert a yielding pressure on the cornstalk in passing between the rolls, and a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to press the ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, substantially as described.

G. In a basking-machine, a husking-rcll adapted in its rotation to have a part thereof engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a pressure-roll arranged opposite to the first-named roll, a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to press the ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, guides arranged in advance of said rolls to direct the stalk between the guides to the rolls, and an endless feed operating between said guides to act upon the stalks as they pass between the guides to the rolls, substantially as described.

7. In a hnsking-rnachine, a husking-roll adapted in its rotation to have a part thereof engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a roll arranged opposite to the first-named roll, a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to press the ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, guides arranged in advance of said rolls to direct the stalk between the guides to the rolls, an endless chain or belt provided with fingers operating in the space between the voaveo guides, sprockets around which said endless belt or chain passes, one of said sprockets being arranged back of the forward ends of the rolls, and means for transmitting motion to one of said sprockets for the purpose of actuating the chain or belt, substantially as described.

8. In a hnskingmachine, a husking-roll adapted in its rotation to have a part thereof engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a roll arranged opposite to the rst-named roll, a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to press the ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, guides arranged in advance of said rolls to direct the stalk between the guides, an endless chain or belt provided with fingers operating in the space between the guides, sprockets around which said endless belt or chain passes, one of said sprockets having a bevelgear connected therewith, and a bevel-gear connected with oneof said rolls and meshing with the bevelgear of the sprocket to transmit motion to the endless chain or belt, substantially as described.

9. In a husking-machine, a husking-roll adapted in its rotation to have a part thereof' engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a roll arranged opposite to the iirst-named roll, a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to pressthe ear of corn to one side as it is detached from the stalk, guides arranged in advance of said rolls to direct the stalk between the guides, an endless traveling feed operating in the space between the guides, a toothed wheel engaging with said traveling feed, a toothed wheel connected with the husking-roll and meshing with the toothed wheel of the endless feed, and a system of gears for transmitting motion from a driving-wheel to the husking-roll, substantially as described.

l0. In a husking-machine, the combination of a husking-roll having its periphery provided with grippers adapted in the rotation of the roll to engage the butt-end of the ear of corn, a yielding roll arranged opposite to the `firstnan1ed roll, said two rolls being spaced apart so as to permit a cornstalk to pass between them, a third roll lying over the line of separation of said two rolls and adapted to bear against and deflect to one side an ear of corn as it is severed from the stalk by the two first named rolls, and a trough arranged to one side of said rolls t0 receive the detached ears of corn and have them pass through the same to a wagon-body or other receiver, substantially as described.

ll. In a husking-machine two sets of husking-rolls arranged opposite to each other, the forward portion of one set of rolls being located at an angle of forty-tive degrees in advance of the forward portion of the other set of rolls, that is, so each set of rolls will operate in alternation on separate rows of stalks as the machine is moved forward, one roll of each set of rolls being provided with grippers ICO mounted thereon to move transversely to the periphery of the roll, a troughfor each set of husking-rolls arranged to receive the detached ears of corn from each set of rolls, and a trough arranged to receive the detached ears of corn from the troughs of the separate sets of rolls and deliver the corn into a wagonbody or other receiver, substantially as described. v v

12. In a husking-machine, two sets of husking-rolls arranged opposite'to eachother/the forward portion of one set of rolls -being located at an angle other than forty-five degrees in gadvance of the forward portion of the other set of rolls, that is, so that each set of rolls will operate in alternation on separate rows of stalks as the machine is moved forward, one roll of each set of rolls being provided with grippers mounted thereon to move transversely to the periphery of the roll, -a system of` power-communicating gears for each set of husking-rolls, and al power- `transmitting wheel common to both sets of power-communicatin g gears, substantially as described.

13. In ahusking-machine, two sets of husking-rolls arranged opposite to each other, the

forward portion of one set of rolls being located at anangle other than forty-five degrees in advance of the forward portion of the other set of rolls, that is, sothat each set of rolls will operate in alternation on separate rows of stalks as the machine is moved forward, one roll of each set of rolls being provided with grippers .mounted thereon to move transversely tothe periphery ofthe roll, a gear-wheel for onen-roll of each set of basking-rolls, shafts provided .with wheels meshing with the wheelsof the husking-rolls, one for each, sprocket-wheels mounted on said shafts, a power-transmitting wheel-shaft provided with sprocket-wheels, and chains connecting said sprocket-wheels with the sprockets of the first-mentioned shafts, substantially as described.

14:. In ahusking-machine, twosets of husking-rolls arranged opposite to each other, the forward portion of one set'of rolls beinglocated atan angle other than forty-ve degrees in advance of the forward portion of Y the other set of rolls, that is, so that each set of rolls will operate in alternation ony separate rows of stalks as the machine is movedforward, one roll of each set of rolls being provided with grippers mounted thereon toi move transversely to the` periphery of the roll, a trough for each set of husking-rolls extending substantially the length of said rolls and arranged to yreceive the detachedears of corn from each set of rolls, a trough arrangedy to receive the detached ears of corn from the troughs of the separate sets of rows, an endless carrier for moving the ears of corn through the last-mentioned trough, mechanism for positively rotating one roll of each set of husking-rolls, and means for transmitting power'fromsaid mechanism to the endless carrier in the delivery-trough, substantially as described.

15. Ina husking-machine, the combination with a wagon, of an independently-wheeled frame carrying husking-rolls, means for separably connecting the husking-rolls-carrying i frame with the wagon, said means comprising slidably-connected` members attachedy to the wagon and to said frame: to adapt the frame to be tilted and to be adjustably connected tothe wagon, a troughfor delivering Vears of corn fromthe husking-rolls tothe frame to be moved in the arc of a circle,fand

means for adjusting said'frame in relation to the wagon-body, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof Iafiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. GERNAND.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM H. CoLLINes,l E. L. RAY.

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