US699273A

US699273A - Deep-boring apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US699273A
Application number: US2956800A
Authority: US
Inventors: Waclaw Wolski
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Filing date: 1900-09-10
Publication date: 1902-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 1919-05-06
Also published as: DE135322C

Description

Patented May 6, i902.

W. WULSKI.

DEEP BDRING APPARATUS.

(Application led Sept. 10, 1900.)

(No Model.)

a Q WWW@ j UNITED STATES',

i PATENT j' OFFICE.

VVACLAW 'WOLSKL OF SCHODNICA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

DEEP-BORING APPARATUS.

sr ncInIcArrIoN formingpart of Letters Patent No. 699,273, dated May e, 1902.

pplicetlon filed September 10, 1900. Serial No. 29,668. (No model.) l

To (LZZ whom, it rrr/ay concern.- Be it known that I, WACLAW WoLsKI, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Schodnica, in the Province of Ga- 5 licia, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Deep-Boring Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,`

and more especially to that type in which the water used to wash the spoils outof the borezo hole is utilized to drive the toolbut not in l the ordinary manner. The novelty in the operation ofthe device consists in operating the tool by water shock, the same principle being used in the -wellknown hydraulic ram as a means for lifting water. Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a hole with the boring apparatus therein in section.`

tary sectional views illustrating` a modified construction and an arrangement of` the valves shown in Figs. 1 and 2, showing elastic valves.

In this apparatus the working parts are at the end of the bore andattached to the boretubes m, through which the water for driv-` ing the tool and flushing out the bore-holes is driven in the usual manner by a suitable pumpnvtnotshowm) the structure of the operating parts at theends of the tube fm, however, being of a different nature and operatplained hereinafter. `Continuing from the Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the preferred construction of apparatus; and Figs. 3 and 4 are fragmenvalve and piston.

air-chamber a is the hollow elementor tube l1, preferably made heavier than the tubes m and on the end of which is secured the driving-cylinder c. -This cylinder c is closed at its end by a guide-plug o, here shown as screwed into the end of the cylinder and provided with a central opening for the piston-rod f.

In the cylinder i3 the hollow pistond, whose head is provided with water by-pass ports h in its upper end, the lower end of said piston being continued as the hollow piston-rod j",

preferably, though not necessarily, formed in one piece with the piston, and which projects through the screw-plugo at the bottom ofthe cylinder c. Into the end of the hollow piston-rod f is screwed the hollow cuttingtool g, provided with .watenoutlets g', said tool resting on the sole of the bore-hole of such a size as to cut a hole larger in `diameter than the cylinder and of any desired cutting contour. Between the piston andthe screw-plug o and around the piston-rod is a coil-spring e, the` -bracket il', in which is guided the stem of the valve t', normallyv held retracted by a coilspring k around its spindle and held between the bracket and nuts Z. This valve controls `the by-pass ports h', formed in the pistonhead, and the force required toclose it is regulated by means of turning the nuts Z to increase o`r decrease the tension of the spring.

The operation'is as follows: The water is sent by the pump (not shown) down the hollow bore rod or tube` m, passes through the valve-ports h', interior of the piston cl,pis ton-rod f, openings4 g'in the tool, and `ascends on the exterior of the bore-tool, cylinder, and bore-rod, carrying with it the sludge, thus clearing the bore-hole of debris. The down column 0E water attains an increasing velocity, and the inertia will then increase suficiently to force down the valvet' against the l stress ot' its spring k to automatically` close the by-pass h', thus suddenly cutting ott the ilow of water, and the inertia of the moving column will then be exerted ou the closed The piston and tool will then be automatically forced down, "overcoming the stress of the lifting-springr e to drive the tool g against thsole ofthe bore- IOS ' hole. As in the case of. impact imparted to the same rate of velocity that sound travels in water-that is, about fourteen hundred and fifty meters per second. .In the air-chamber, between the surface of the air and water, reilection from the air-chamber takes place The condensation is transformed here instantly into rarefactiou, the elect of which is transmitted downward with the same ve'- locity, thus gradually canceling by interference the condensation which hitherto existed, andwhen it has reached the bottom of the column produces there a sudden rarefaction of the salue strength. At the same time the valve opens by reason of the stress of its spring k, and the water again flows through the opening 71,', and the tool is returned to normal position by its spring e. The water column in the hollow rod b is again put in motion with au acceleration corresponding to its mass and to the pressure of the water in the air-chamber. After the lapse of a few moments the velocity of the water has again increased to such an extent that it will close vthe valve 'i to repeat the operations just described. In this way the boring-tool is caused to impart a succession of vigorous blows against the sole of the bore-hole at short intei-vals of time, the total effect of these strokes corresponding to the mechanical work accomplished by the pump. The number of strokes in the above apparatus can be easily regulated, as well as the force of each stroke. The pressure produced by the water is proportion-al to the velocity of the impact, and as this is identical with the velocity suicient to close the valve hence the pressure of the jar of the water can be regulated by regulatiug the amount of force required to seat the valve, which will be accomplished by regulating the tension of the spring k by means of nuts Z. The 'duration of the stroke can, ou the other hand, be regulated by regulating the length of the water column between the air-chamber and valvethat is, increasing or decreasing it. The duration of pressure will last for the length of time required for the elastic wave to travel the length of this column and back. A

In Fig. 2 the valve controlling the water is not secured to the piston, and consequently does not reciprocate with it. The cuttingytool g2 is made solid, and a solid piston-rod]E2 and piston d are secured to it. The bottom of the cylinder-casing n is closed by a guideplug o2, provided with water-outlets 03 and a central bore,in which is guided the piston-rod This piston-rod f2 is provided with a collar f3, between which and the screw-plug o2 and around the piston-rod f2 is a coil-spring e2 to retract the cutting-tool. In the casing n is the cylinder c', projecting from'the conical valve-seat that forms its upper end and provided with waterpassages h2. A bracket i? is rigidly connected to thecasing fn. A spring 7a2 and nuts Z2 are for the same purpose as described in reference to Fig. 1. The valve Z3 is a conical ring-valve and' controls the ports h2 in the conical seat. The operation is onkthe same principle as that of Fig. 1. The water column is setjn motion by the outflow through the ports h2, casing n, water-passages os in the plug o2, and upward between the exterior-pot' the boring-tool and cylinder andthe walls of the bore-hole. When the velocity of the water is suicient to cause it to overcome the resistance of the valve/Z3, this valve is forced on' its seat. The inertia of the moving mass will drive the water through the center of the valve against the end of the bore-tool in the same manner as described with reference to Fig. l. Instead of the valve shown in Fig. 1 I may use one consisting of an elastic plate o4, Fig. 3, made of rubber, elastic steel, or similar material.

Fig. et shows a ring-valvep of elastic ma- I terial that can replace the valve 113, Fig. 2.

Having now described this invention, what I claim as new therein, Vand desire to secure by Letters Patent., is-

l. In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a cylinder, a reci procable tool, a by-pass, means for sending water to saidl cylinder and bypass, a valve controlling the by-pass automatically closed by the force of lthe moving water, whereby the inertia of the column of water is imparted to the tool, substantially as described.

2. In a boring apparatus, a cylinder, a reciprocable tool, a by-pass, hollow bore-rods to send water to said cylinder and by-pass, a Yvalve controlling the by-pass automatically closed by the forceof the moving water to cause the inertia of the moving column of water to drive the tool and a suitably-located air-chamber to prevent the force of impact of the water from being translated to the borerods, substantially as described.

3. In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a cylinder, a reciprocable tool, a by-pass, hollow bore-rods to send water to said cylinder and by-pass, a valve controlling the by-pass, automatically closed by the moving vwater to cause said water to act by inertia on the tool, means for determining the length of time that the water .effectively acts on the tool and means for determining the number of blows per unit of time, substantially as'described.v

et.' In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a cylinder, a spring-retracted reciprocable tool, a by-pass, hollow bore-rods to send water to said cylinder and by-pass, a valve controlling the by-pass automatically closed by the force of the moving water to cause the inertia of the moving column of water to drive the tool and au air-chamber located above the cylin- 'roc IIC

der on the end of the bore-rod to prevent the f seems low bore-rod to send water to said cylinder.

and by-pass, a valve controlling the by-pass automatically closed by the force of the mov-` ing water to cause the inertia of lthe moving column of water to drive the tool, an airchamber and a` weighted element forming part of the bore-rod, substantially as described.

In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a cylinder, a reciprocable tool, a by-pass,a valve controlling the by-pass, a hollow bore-rod, and an air-chamber and a heavy hollow element between the end of the bore-rod and cylinder to prevent shock being translated to the bore-rod and to determine the number of impacts per unit of time, substantially as described. 7. In a Water-actuated boring apparatus, a reciprocable spring-retracted tool, a casing, a cylinder having an upper conical end secured t the casin g and provided with by-pass ports, a yieldingly-held valve `controlling the bypass ports and havinga central passage over the cylinder leading` tothe tool, and means for preventing the translation of shock tothe rod, substantially as described. l

8. In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a

I hollow bore-rod, an airchamber, the end of the bore-rod projecting into one end of said chamber to form an air-trap, a casing, an element connecting one end of the casing and `air-chamber that determines the duration of the shock imparted by the water, a cylinder in said casing having a Haring end, by-pass ports in said flaring end, a spring-retracted piston in said cylinder, a tool carried by the piston and a ring-valve controlling the bypass ports automatically closed by the lnoving water to direct the inertia of the moving column through the valve against the piston, substantially as described. y

9. In a water-actuated boring apparatus, a hollow bore-rod, an air-chamber, the end of the bore-rod projecting into the upper end of said chamber to form an air-trap, an openended cylinder, an enlarged conical end to said cylinder, by-pass ports in said conical portion, a casing surrounding the cylinder, a plug in the end of the casing provided with openings to admit water to the sole of the bore-hole, a piston in said cylinder, a tool secured to said piston, a collar f3, a spring between the collar and plug and a springlretracted ring-valve controlling the by-pass ports automatically operated by the water to direct the moving column against the piston to drive the tool, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presi ence of two subscribing witnesses.

VACLAW W'OLSKI.