US692467A - Fabric. - Google Patents
Fabric. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US692467A US692467A US6226401A US1901062264A US692467A US 692467 A US692467 A US 692467A US 6226401 A US6226401 A US 6226401A US 1901062264 A US1901062264 A US 1901062264A US 692467 A US692467 A US 692467A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- threads
- bath
- hot
- piece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/13—Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/184—Nonwoven scrim
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/646—Parallel strand or fiber material is naturally occurring [e.g., cotton, wool, etc.]
Definitions
- cut invention have the appearance of light fabrics-such as tulle, gauze, muslins, crape, &c.; but they diifer from them by their com-- position and mode of manufacture.
- the liquid employed forms .a thick and hot bath, which is introduced into a receptacle closing hermetically by means-of a screw-cover.
- the receptacle-:is' ' provided at its lower part with holes or drawing-apertures, through which the liquid escapes in the form'of very fine threads.
- the flow is determined by air-pressure, preferably hot, pressed upon the liquid by means of apump placed in communication with the leaving thereceptacle the hot liquid, which flows in the form of threads, is acted upon by the external cold air, which immediately hardens it. It then assumes a consistence in proportion as evaporation is e'ifected.
- the dimensions of the receptacle, as also the number of the draw-holes therein, will vary according to requirements. The diameter of the latter will vary according to the size desired to be given to the threads.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus.
- Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the apparatus working the fabric in the dimension of length.
- Fig.3 is a plan view of the same working the fabric in the dimension of width.
- the fabric is produced on a light. frame a, supported by carriage b, which rolls on rails c. On frame a are fine threads 2', spread in the direction of its width and in spaces of one or five centimeters, according to the nature of the fabric which has to be obtained.
- vessel d containing the, viscous liquid,is supported by a carriage e, rolling on rails j, which the fabric to be increased at will.
- the framing can be jointed, so as to form a parallelogram, thus when the layers are depositeden abling the form to be changed by making lozenge shaped meshes of greater or less length in imitation of the meshes tulle or other open-work fabric.
- a fabric is obtained which is light, flexible, glossy, and may be finer than those ob-. tained by the aid of textile materials employed in'manufactures.
- the fabric is removed with- ;out difiicnlty, the adhesion on the threads of the framing being'obviated by a fatty body with which they are slightly covered.
- the process can also be applied to the decoto filace the piece of material to be decorated or nished on a framing and to distribute the liquid upon the, said material, as above ex-.
- the bat-h employed is principallycom posed of, vegetable substances soluble in hot or boiling water, producing a thick mucilage, which becomes a stifl jelly on cooling. These subso stances should have after evaporation when they have been converted into fabrics both strengthiand flexibility. They are chosen from mucilages extracted from various lichens, such. as lichenin, from the gelatinous principles which exist in the fleshy parts olvarious plants, in' fruits, and certain roots denominated pectine, in extract of carrageenyin cerasin, or principle of gums insolu-' his in :cold water, in the extracts of J afna,
- the following bath may be employed at the temperature of 70: A solution in hot water is prepared of well-washed gelose, containing live to six per cent. of the latter. To this is added from three to four per cent. of borax, one and a-half per cent. of gluten disubmitted to a simple washing.
- the dyeing is obtained by adding to the viscous bath soluble coloring materials or ground non-soluble powders. Dyeing may also be done in the piece.
- the piece desired to be dyed is wound uponan open-work cylinder. It is placed bet een two very light cloths previously coated ith a spirit varnish. Then it is plunged for several hours in water. It is submitted to this washing-with a view to expel from the fabric the soluble bodies which might injure its solidity or interfere with the dyeing process.
- the piece is unwound upon a suitable surface, keeping it until completely dried between the two open-work cloths between which ithas been placed.
- This new fabric maybe employed in millinery for trimming hats and other ornaments for robes, doc.
- a fabric consisting of a plurality of threads of a viscous liquid secured together solely by the natural viscousness of the material beforo drying, and combined with another layer of fabric, substantially as described.
Description
No. 692,467. Patented Feb. 4, I902.
J. MUGNIER.
FABRIC.
(Application filed May 28, 1901.)
(No Model.)
WITNESSES: IZVEAH'OR. V W
A TTOHNE Y3 N D, STATES ENT, OFFICE.
JOSEPH MUGNIER, F LYONS, FRANCE;-
FABRIC.
srncmcarxonrormi g part of Letters'Patent 100,092,467, aatearetmtry' 4, 1902.
t uttaotmea May 28,1901. Serial No. 02,264." (K0 was...)
To all whom it may aoncem:
.Be it known that I, Josnrn MUGNIER, a citizen of France, residing at Ly0ns,-; France, have invented certain new anduseful Improvementsin Fabrics, of which thefollows for which I have made application. for patent in Great Britain on May 7, 1901, and in Francei on January 12, 1901, No. 307,000.
receiver by means of a flexible tube. .25
cut invention have the appearance of light fabrics-such as tulle, gauze, muslins, crape, &c.; but they diifer from them by their com-- position and mode of manufacture. The liquid employed forms .a thick and hot bath, which is introduced into a receptacle closing hermetically by means-of a screw-cover. The receptacle-:is' 'provided at its lower part with holes or drawing-apertures, through which the liquid escapes in the form'of very fine threads. The flow is determined by air-pressure, preferably hot, pressed upon the liquid by means of apump placed in communication with the leaving thereceptacle the hot liquid, which flows in the form of threads, is acted upon by the external cold air, which immediately hardens it. It then assumes a consistence in proportion as evaporation is e'ifected. The dimensions of the receptacle, as also the number of the draw-holes therein, will vary according to requirements. The diameter of the latter will vary according to the size desired to be given to the threads. v i
. In order to obtain the fabric, I use an' apparatus which can be arranged-in the manneras represented'in the accompanying d raw ings.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the apparatus working the fabric in the dimension of length. Fig.3 is a plan view of the same working the fabric in the dimension of width.
The fabric is produced on a light. frame a, supported by carriage b, which rolls on rails c. On frame a are fine threads 2', spread in the direction of its width and in spaces of one or five centimeters, according to the nature of the fabric which has to be obtained. The
vessel d, containing the, viscous liquid,is supported by a carriage e, rolling on rails j, which the fabric to be increased at will.
are arranged transversely above the frame" a. It can also pivot on itself in such a mannera's to be placed in the two rectangular positions,
Figs. 2 and'3. Compressed air is furnished 1 been placed transversely to the frame a; ,The' The fabrics forming the object of the pres-.
latter is put in motion inthe direction of the varrow, and the threads are laid down on it parallel in the longitudinal direction: Each time that this'operation is "repeatedthe vessel 01 has to be advanced until the threads have been deposited upon thewhole width which has to be given to the fabric. Thereupon the vessel dis pivotedvso that it is placed parallel to frame a, Fig. '3, and a trans verse to-and-fro motion is imparted to it,- while at the same timethc frame a is madeto advance with each backwartf-and-forward movement so far as to equal the Widthof the width of the fabric, so that the loops h h,w hich are formed by the changes of direction, remain on the outside and can easily be re moved after the operation.
Many layers of threads can-be superposed, thus enabling the thickness and-strength of d The framing can be jointed, so as to form a parallelogram, thus when the layers are depositeden abling the form to be changed by making lozenge shaped meshes of greater or less length in imitation of the meshes tulle or other open-work fabric. When evaporation is complete, a fabric is obtained which is light, flexible, glossy, and may be finer than those ob-. tained by the aid of textile materials employed in'manufactures. The fabric is removed with- ;out difiicnlty, the adhesion on the threads of the framing being'obviated by a fatty body with which they are slightly covered.
The process can also be applied to the decoto filace the piece of material to be decorated or nished on a framing and to distribute the liquid upon the, said material, as above ex-.
plained. Thus a new fabric is obtained, as 5 the threads added by this process to the fab rlc it is desired to decorate transform the latto: by giving it a completely-different appearanee from that which it first bad. This transformation is also increased if various colors to are deposited at the same time, which can be obtained by causing several receptacles suppliedwith dillerently-colored' liquids to work simultaneously. The obtaining oi. designs is thus reduced to the arrangement to be given is relatively to the draw-holes.
The bat-h employed is principallycom posed of, vegetable substances soluble in hot or boiling water, producing a thick mucilage, which becomes a stifl jelly on cooling. These subso stances should have after evaporation when they have been converted into fabrics both strengthiand flexibility. They are chosen from mucilages extracted from various lichens, such. as lichenin, from the gelatinous principles which exist in the fleshy parts olvarious plants, in' fruits, and certain roots denominated pectine, in extract of carrageenyin cerasin, or principle of gums insolu-' his in :cold water, in the extracts of J afna,
3o 'Java,or Ceylon moss, gelatinous principle derived from, various algae, denominated celose by Payen and known in commerce by the names of agar-agar, haithas, J apanesegum, the.
Various efiects naturally result from mixtures and "combinations made by means of the substances above mentioned with respect to flexibility, solidity, appearance of the filaments, and their production. It is essential when these or other similar substances have been converted into jelly by means of hot or boiling water to rework this jelly if it has not the desiredconsistency, to wash it carefully. with cold water to expel from it the part which issoluble in'a cold state, and to then press it in order to leave in it only the water nry for its use. Other substances can also beadded to the bath. Casein and gluten give thickness and facilitate the operation of dyeing- Isinglass, gelatin, and other glues give strengthto the fabric. Glycerin gives it flexibility. Certain salts, suchas-borax, facilitate the transformation of the bath into threads. All-these results and others which cannot'be noted belong to the domain of the practical workman.
The following bath may be employed at the temperature of 70: A solution in hot water is prepared of well-washed gelose, containing live to six per cent. of the latter. To this is added from three to four per cent. of borax, one and a-half per cent. of gluten disubmitted to a simple washing.
with each other.
luted in three times its weight ofalcohol, and one per cent. of gelatin and as much glycerin. The dyeing is obtained by adding to the viscous bath soluble coloring materials or ground non-soluble powders. Dyeing may also be done in the piece. The piece desired to be dyed is wound uponan open-work cylinder. It is placed bet een two very light cloths previously coated ith a spirit varnish. Then it is plunged for several hours in water. It is submitted to this washing-with a view to expel from the fabric the soluble bodies which might injure its solidity or interfere with the dyeing process. The piece;
is then passed, it required, into a bath con taining a mordant, then into the*dye-bath. If the piece is not to receive any color, it is An arrangement which has some importance consists in placing on the cylinder and between the two cloths several pieces of the new fabric one on another and in contact After the drying which follows the operations of washingand dyeing these pieces, whatever may be their number, will become attached to each other, so as to form only a single fabric. Fabric or textile 1 materials forming designs or other substances insoluble in cold water may also be placed in the center of the pieces to be connected to- 'gether, thus enabling various efiects to be produced. By these means the improved fabric after its manufacture can be given what- 5 ever strength, thickness, or appearance it may be desired to obtain.
For the drying the piece is unwound upon a suitable surface, keeping it until completely dried between the two open-work cloths between which ithas been placed.
This new fabric maybe employed in millinery for trimming hats and other ornaments for robes, doc.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1 1. As an article of manufacture, a fabric consisting of a plurality of threads of a viscous liquid secured together solely by the no natural visconsness of the material before drying, substantially as described.
2. A fabric consisting of a plurality of threads of a viscous liquid secured together solely by the natural viscousness of the material beforo drying, and combined with another layer of fabric, substantially as described.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.
JOSEPH MUGNIER.
Vitnesses:
GASTON JEAUNIAUX, MARIN VACHON.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6226401A US692467A (en) | 1901-05-28 | 1901-05-28 | Fabric. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6226401A US692467A (en) | 1901-05-28 | 1901-05-28 | Fabric. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US692467A true US692467A (en) | 1902-02-04 |
Family
ID=2761006
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US6226401A Expired - Lifetime US692467A (en) | 1901-05-28 | 1901-05-28 | Fabric. |
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US (1) | US692467A (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2473528A (en) * | 1946-08-14 | 1949-06-21 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Unwoven filamentary web and method of producing same |
US2502514A (en) * | 1945-10-02 | 1950-04-04 | Kendall S Ewer | Apparatus for laminating strands to form a circular fabric |
US2508371A (en) * | 1946-02-12 | 1950-05-23 | James M Brady | Reticle |
US2522527A (en) * | 1946-10-09 | 1950-09-19 | Fred W Manning | Spinning gun for the production of filaments and method of making nonwoven fabrics |
US2537323A (en) * | 1944-09-27 | 1951-01-09 | Paul D Wurzburger | Unwoven fabric |
DE895585C (en) * | 1941-08-05 | 1953-11-05 | Lissmann Alkor Werk | Process for the production of a leather or parchment-like material from super polyamides |
US2738298A (en) * | 1953-10-07 | 1956-03-13 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Nonwoven decorative ribbons |
US2797728A (en) * | 1949-11-23 | 1957-07-02 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for producing reticulated fibrous product |
US2825168A (en) * | 1955-02-01 | 1958-03-04 | Ekman & Brundin Fa | Camouflage nets |
US2862541A (en) * | 1954-04-19 | 1958-12-02 | Fmc Corp | Method of and apparatus for making fiber reinforced plastic pipe |
US2919467A (en) * | 1955-11-09 | 1960-01-05 | Plastic Textile Access Ltd | Production of net-like structures |
US3010865A (en) * | 1958-04-29 | 1961-11-28 | American Viscose Corp | Method of making elastomeric webs |
US3091016A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1963-05-28 | Pedley Knowles & Co | Method of connecting rope lengths in a net |
US3091834A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1963-06-04 | Pedley Knowles & Co | Apparatus for use in making rope nets |
US3123512A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Apparatus for making a reinforced plastic net |
-
1901
- 1901-05-28 US US6226401A patent/US692467A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3123512A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Apparatus for making a reinforced plastic net | ||
DE895585C (en) * | 1941-08-05 | 1953-11-05 | Lissmann Alkor Werk | Process for the production of a leather or parchment-like material from super polyamides |
US2537323A (en) * | 1944-09-27 | 1951-01-09 | Paul D Wurzburger | Unwoven fabric |
US2502514A (en) * | 1945-10-02 | 1950-04-04 | Kendall S Ewer | Apparatus for laminating strands to form a circular fabric |
US2508371A (en) * | 1946-02-12 | 1950-05-23 | James M Brady | Reticle |
US2473528A (en) * | 1946-08-14 | 1949-06-21 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Unwoven filamentary web and method of producing same |
US2522527A (en) * | 1946-10-09 | 1950-09-19 | Fred W Manning | Spinning gun for the production of filaments and method of making nonwoven fabrics |
US2797728A (en) * | 1949-11-23 | 1957-07-02 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for producing reticulated fibrous product |
US2738298A (en) * | 1953-10-07 | 1956-03-13 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Nonwoven decorative ribbons |
US2862541A (en) * | 1954-04-19 | 1958-12-02 | Fmc Corp | Method of and apparatus for making fiber reinforced plastic pipe |
US2825168A (en) * | 1955-02-01 | 1958-03-04 | Ekman & Brundin Fa | Camouflage nets |
US2919467A (en) * | 1955-11-09 | 1960-01-05 | Plastic Textile Access Ltd | Production of net-like structures |
US3010865A (en) * | 1958-04-29 | 1961-11-28 | American Viscose Corp | Method of making elastomeric webs |
US3091016A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1963-05-28 | Pedley Knowles & Co | Method of connecting rope lengths in a net |
US3091834A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1963-06-04 | Pedley Knowles & Co | Apparatus for use in making rope nets |
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