US688393A - Electric furnace. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. I0, |90I. B. C. CONTARDO. ELECTRIC FunNAcE.

(Application lsd Har. 22. 1901.-)

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' Patented Dec. lo, |9o|. n. c. coylTAnno.

ELECTRIC FU'RNACE.

(Application led mr. 22, 1901.)

(No Model.)

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N0. 688,393. Ptented Dec. I0, |901. H. C. CDNTARDD.

-ELECTRIC FURN'ACE.

(Application led Mar. 22, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

NITED STATES PATENT Guinee.

RAMN CHAVARRA CONTARDO, OF SEVRES, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 688,393, dated December 10, 1901. Application filed March 22, 1901. Serial No. 52,417. (No model.)

. lowing is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in electric furnaces.

In working electric furnaces which heat by radiation from the arc or arcs difficulties are encountered, chief among them being, first, that of insuring the regular advance of the charge in thin strata in proportion as fusion is effected by the are without allowing air to gain access to the furnace and without the aid of internal mechanism that would be rapidly spoiled by the intense heat, and, secondly,

the difficulties inherent to the operation of emptying the molten products.

The object of my invention is to obviate these inconveniences and to provide an oscillating furnace similarin general arrangement to4 a Bessemer converter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional side elevation of a furnace in its normal position. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a side elevation in its discharging position, and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a modified form.

The body A of the furnace is mounted on two trunnions B B in bearings C C on any convenient frame D D, so that the axis of oscilla-tion of A is nearly horizontal. The furnace maybe turned around in its bearings by any suitable means-for example, as shown in the drawings, by a crank E, pinion F, and toothed segments G, secured to the vessel A. The supports D D may be suitably secured together,and the whole structure may take the form of a truck running on the ground or on rails, if desired. The axis of oscillation is placed at such aheight above the ground-level that the furnace can be tipped from its normal position, Fig. l, to the discharging position, Fig. 3, leaving enough room for placing acrueible, molds, dre., under the furnace, if required.

The casing of the furnace carries any suitable refractory lining, Which in case of need may be cooled by a circulating stream of cold water or air, as shown, circulating through a ing-glands I I, cooled by means of water circnlating through a pipe C of any suitable kind and having any convenient arrangement for receiving current. The electrodes and cooled stufiing-glands are supported and arranged so that all entrance of air is prevented, although the electrodes are able to be advanced and withdrawn freely, and the trunnions can rotate around the electrodes. The connections with the source of current form no part of this invention, and therefore are not described.

The form of the furnace-body A is such that in the normal working position, Fig. l, that portion a b of the bed lying directly underneath the areI and extending a certain distance front and rear is approximately horizontal, while the rear-.Ward extension of same, l) c, forms an inclined plane or slope as far as the neck of the furnace, capable of being closed by any suitable means, such as a plug or a door di, as shown in the drawings. The two side Walls are preferably almost vertical, and the bed and rooff may be more or less dat, as in the drawings, though the latter may also be of suitable shape to reflect the heat onto the charge on the bed a Z9. The front wall g is preferably somewhat concave when viewed from the inside and has on the saine level as the electrodes ora little higher a pouring-hole 7L, which can be closed with a plug h' and serves as a peep-hole.

The charge is introduced through the neck and maybe distributed over the whole of the bed and as far as under the are by tilting the rear of the furnace when necessary to the requisite angle necessitated by the size and shape ofthe grains composing the charge. If, as very often happens, the charge becomes pasty before fusing, and thus preveutsthe descent of the portions more remote from the arc, the furnace is tipped until they descend, whereupon it is returned to its former position. The work of charging and proceeding in the IOS same manner is continued until the molten mass reaches nearly up tothe electrodes; but the risk of contact with these must be strictly precluded, as the heating effect must be by radiation only. Fig. 3, and pouring is effected. l/Vhile the fusion is being carried on, the front Wall g, the closed top f, and the tap-hole 72, which are near and exposed to the arc, are raised to a temperature often exceeding Ithat of the molten material. This latter on the furnace being tipped runs over these superheated surfaces and on arriving at the tap-hole, which is also superheated, pours out Without undergoing any recooling, and the furnace empties without difficulty. Then pouring is finished, the furnace isreturned to its original position, and the same series ofoperations may be recoinmenced.

In certain cases it may be of advantage to be able to charge the furnace from both ends. The horizontal portion a b of the bed, Fig. 4, is then provided With sloping extensions l) c and ct c' at either end-that is to say, the two halves of the furnace are symmetrical and similar on each side of the axis of oscillation to the left half of the furnace. (Shown in Fig. l.) In such event the charging-orifices may also serve as tap-holes.

What I claim isl. In an electric furnace, and in combination a heating-chamber, trunnions carried by same, stuffing-glands in such trunnions, a supporting-frame for the trunnions, horizontally-fixed longitudinally-adjustable electrodes passing through the glands into the chamber and means for oscillating the chamber on its trunnions.

2. In an electric furnace, and in combination, a heating-chamber, a bed for the charge, electrodes above such bed, said chamber having an inclined portiolrconnecting with such rlhe furnace is then tipped,l

bed at one end, and With a charging-opening at the other, means for closing such opening, and means for oscillating the chamber.

3. In an electric furnace and in combination, a heating-chamber, means for oscillating the same, a bed for the charge, two substantially vertical side Walls to said furnace, an end wall having a tap-hole therein, means for closing such hole, a closed roof above such bed, and electrodes passing through the side Walls and projecting above such bed and below the roof and in proximity to the taphole, whereby While the charge on the bed is being heated by radiation alone the roof, end, and tap-hole are also raised to a high temperature so that upon tilting the furnace the charge Will flow over the highly-heated end and roof to prevent cooling of the charge, substantially as described.

4. In an electric furnace, and in combina tion, aheating-chamber, trunnions carried by same, stufiing-glands in such trunnions, a supporting-frame for the trunnions, electrodes passing through the glands into the chamber, a bed for the charge, substantially horizontally arranged, and above which the electrodes are situated, said chamber having an inclined portion connecting with the bed at one end and with a charging-opening at the other, means for closing such opening, a tap-hole at the opposite end of the bed, means for closing same, a segment carried by the chamber and a pinion engaging with same for oscillating it.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RAMN citivtinttl corriunio.

Vitnesses:

GORDON D. STEWARD, MICHEL T. CHIERRY.

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