US6883756B2 - Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6883756B2 US6883756B2 US10/442,812 US44281203A US6883756B2 US 6883756 B2 US6883756 B2 US 6883756B2 US 44281203 A US44281203 A US 44281203A US 6883756 B2 US6883756 B2 US 6883756B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chute
- drogue
- bridle
- parachute system
- hydraulic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 title claims 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D17/00—Parachutes
- B64D17/40—Packs
- B64D17/52—Opening, e.g. manual
- B64D17/54—Opening, e.g. manual automatic
- B64D17/58—Opening, e.g. manual automatic responsive to time-delay mechanism
Definitions
- the present invention relates to release systems for parachutes systems including a drogue or pilot chute. More particularly it relates to a parachute release system for proper sequencing and timing of chute deployment.
- Drogue systems are known and used to stabilize loads under a small chute before deployment of a larger main chute. Such systems are typically used for cargo drops or tandem skydiving. Drogues ensure the system is stable and falling at the proper speed for deployment of the main chute. For tandem skydiving, the parachutist deploys the drogue chute first. Once the pair has stabilized and reached the proper altitude, the parachutist manually releases the drogue which then pulls out the main chute. For cargo drops, the drogue chute typically is released upon discharge of the cargo from the deploying aircraft by static line and then a short time delay is created by using a ‘double bag system’. This is basically where the pilot chute immediately deploys the main but is connected to the slider through a hole in the top of the parachute.
- the present invention includes hydraulic link in the drogue bridle between the drogue chute and the main chute of a parachute system. Tension on the drogue bridle causes a piston in the hydraulic link to move within the cylinder. The rate of movement is controlled by the fluid return path between chambers of the cylinder. According to an aspect of the invention, the return path is adjustable or preset during manufacture to control the rate of movement of the piston. At the end of the piston stroke, the rod end retracts to trip a web release, i.e. a 3-ring release. The web release and hydraulic timer or manual pull provides a “tension bridge” and a slack portion termed the “slack loop” is provided about the tension bridge.
- This slack loop is connected to the main pin of the parachute container. Under tension, force is transmitted from the drogue down the bridal through the web release into the container. When the tension bridge is severed (web release tripped), tension now routes through the slack loop, thus extracting the main pin and opening the main container and deploying the parachute.
- the web release is a sacrificial link, i.e. a loop of spectra line, which is severed by the end motion of the hydraulic timer.
- the main can not deploy before the drogue as the main pin can only be extracted by drogue bridal tension (this prevents the most common forms of malfunction).
- the force on the drogue is typically ⁇ fraction (1/2 ) ⁇ the suspended system weight. With increasing weight prior art systems have the same or less force to pull the main pin, but as suspended weight increases so does the pin pull force.
- available force on the drogue bridal has been measured by us on various systems at ten (10) to forty-eight (48) times more than required to extract the pin, making the system quite fail safe.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a parachute system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of an hydraulic link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a parachute system 10 including a drogue or pilot chute 20 and a main chute 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the parachute system 10 of the present invention is designed for use with dropping cargo. However, it may also be used for manned parachute systems, either individual or tandem systems (in the version to be used in a manned tandem situation the hydraulic timer is replaced by a pull cord to be actuated manually by the parachutist, the tension bridge/slack loop mechanism remains). Additionally, the drogue and main chutes may be of any known type, including round or ram air canopies.
- the parachute system 10 of the present invention provides a delay between deployment of a drogue chute and the main chute.
- the delay allows the load to stabilize under the drogue chute before the main chute is deployed.
- the delay is provided by a unique bridle system for the drogue chute.
- the bridle system includes an upper bridle 21 connected to the drogue 20 , a lower bridle 23 connected to the main chute 30 , and a delay link between the upper 21 and lower bridles 23 providing a ‘tension bridge’ 22 incorporating a web release 41 and a hydraulic timer 40 (unmanned) or pull cable (manned).
- a ‘Slack Loop’ 24 , 25 is formed by the bridged portion of the bridal which is connected to the main pin 31 for deploying the main parachute.
- the release 41 includes any web release known in the art i.e. a 3-ring release.
- the release 41 may include a sacrificial link and a cutter (not shown).
- the hydraulic link 40 includes a body 110 and a piston 120 .
- the body 110 includes a release portion 111 , a cylinder portion 114 , and two end portions 112 , 113 .
- the release portion 111 and two end portions 112 , 113 seal the cylinder portion 114 to create a chamber 115 which is filled with fluid.
- Appropriate seals are used to property seal the body 110 and the piston 120 .
- the piston 120 includes a rod 121 and a divider 122 .
- the divider 122 is disposed in the cylinder portion 112 of the body 110 .
- the divider 122 separates the chamber 115 into two sub-chambers 116 , 117 .
- the divider 122 and cylinder portion 112 are sealed so that the sole connection between the two sub-chambers 115 , 116 is a fluid path 123 created in the divider 122 .
- a set screw 124 is disposed in the divider 122 such that it extends into the fluid path 123 .
- the set screw 124 allows the cross-sectional area of the fluid path 123 to be adjusted.
- the hydraulic link 40 is disposed in the drogue bridle such that the body 110 and piston 120 are attached to opposite parts of the bridle in the tension bridge.
- the piston 120 moves within the body 110 of the hydraulic link.
- fluid in the chamber 115 passes through the fluid path 123 from the first sub-chamber 116 to the second chamber 117 .
- the conductance of the fluid path 123 and the viscosity of the fluid determine the 5 time it will take for movement of the piston 120 .
- the rate of motion of the piston 120 is not dependent on the degree of tension on the bridle, as fluid can not travel supersonic through an orifice as any additional force over a point will not result in faster fluid flow.
- the set screw 124 can be used to adjust the cross sectional area of the fluid path 123 to control the rate of movement.
- the release portion 111 of the body 110 includes a release slot 130 .
- An engagement end 125 of the piston 120 extends through the release slot when the piston 120 is in an engaged position. When the piston 120 moves to a disengaged position, the engagement end 125 no longer extends through the release slot 130 .
- a loop of string (not shown) on the release 41 is placed in the release slot 130 .
- the piston 120 is moved into the engaged position so that the engagement end 125 extends through the release slot 130 and retains the loop of string to trigger a 3 ring web release within the release slot 130 .
- the parachute system is packed in an ordinary manner. Upon deployment, the drogue chute is initially deployed.
- the parachute system of the present invention is particularly useful for cargo drops both tethered tandem (manned) and unmanned.
- the drogue chute is deployed upon discharge of the cargo from the aircraft in a known manner.
- the hydraulic timer provides a time delay between deployment of the drogue chute and the main chute. During this time delay, the cargo moves out of the burble of the aircraft and stabilizes under the drogue chute.
- the release 41 operates to release the drogue chute and to deploy the main chute automatically.
- a parachutist loaded with cargo exits the aircraft and a drogue chute is deployed in a known manner. Once stable and at the correct altitude the parachutist pulls a cable connected in place of the hydraulic timer to trip the web release 41 on the tension bridge 22 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/442,812 US6883756B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US38291902P | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | |
US10/442,812 US6883756B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20030218100A1 US20030218100A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
US6883756B2 true US6883756B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 |
Family
ID=29584477
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/442,812 Expired - Fee Related US6883756B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2003-05-21 | Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6883756B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003243276A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003099655A2 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090189022A1 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-07-30 | Brs, Incorporated | Drogue parachute drag force actuated programmable controller to generate an event trigger signal |
US20100001140A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Mchugh Charles O | Load Assisted Release System |
CN102358427A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-02-22 | 轻工业钟表研究所 | Air-dropped accessory retarding parachute opening mechanism |
US9308970B1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2016-04-12 | Sri International | Net engagement with parachute slowdown (NEPS) system |
US9540091B1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-01-10 | World View Enterprises Inc. | High altitude balloon systems and methods |
US9561858B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2017-02-07 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Rigidized assisted opening system for high altitude parafoils |
US9694910B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2017-07-04 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Near-space operation systems |
US20170275008A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | The Skylife Company, Inc. | Time delay device for parachute deployment |
US10124875B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2018-11-13 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Continuous multi-chamber super pressure balloon |
US10336432B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2019-07-02 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US20210070454A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-11 | Irvingq Limited | Disconnect assembly |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7416158B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2008-08-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Continuous disreefing apparatus for parachute |
US8006936B1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2011-08-30 | Farr Iii Warren W | Parachute deployment control |
EP2658778B1 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2017-04-12 | Etat français représenté par le Délégué Général pour l'Armement | Securing/releasing device, and related airdrop device |
US10569889B1 (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-02-25 | Kitty Hawk Corporation | Recovery system using vehicle state information |
Citations (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2606729A (en) * | 1949-05-25 | 1952-08-12 | Reconstruction Finance Corp | Delay opening parachute pack and pneumatic releasing assembly therefor |
US2972458A (en) * | 1958-04-11 | 1961-02-21 | Steinthal & Co Inc M | Parachute canopy ejection and opening apparatus |
US3278142A (en) * | 1964-09-29 | 1966-10-11 | Clifton W Marshall | Automatically extending pilot chute bridle attachment |
US3393001A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1968-07-16 | Army Usa | Cargo release for parachutes |
US3759469A (en) * | 1972-11-06 | 1973-09-18 | Us Army | Parachute arrangement |
US3776493A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1973-12-04 | Us Navy | Parachute decoupling apparatus |
US3787011A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-01-22 | G & H Techn Inc | Parachute release |
US3801051A (en) * | 1973-01-10 | 1974-04-02 | Us Air Force | Tow plate |
US3829046A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1974-08-13 | Us Navy | Programmable, reversible drag, multi-stage parachute |
US4108402A (en) * | 1977-01-13 | 1978-08-22 | Eleanor J. Bowen | Aircraft emergency letdown system |
US4279392A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-07-21 | Fxc Corporation | Adjustable time-delayed apparatus for opening a parachute |
US4480806A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-11-06 | Stencel Aero Engineering Corporation | Ejection seat stabilization apparatus |
US5058831A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1991-10-22 | Shigeki Takahashi | Emergency escape unit |
US5104066A (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1992-04-14 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Drogue chute speed mode selector |
US5232184A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1993-08-03 | Pioneer Aerospace Corporation | Self-staging parachute apparatus |
US5687931A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1997-11-18 | Irvin Industries Canada Limited | Parachute ground disconnecting devices |
US5899415A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-05-04 | Conway; Robert | Personnel guided aerial delivery device |
US20030197095A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-10-23 | Daniel Preston | Steerable parachute control system and method |
US20040026569A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-02-12 | Daniel Preston | Pneumatic riser release |
US6705572B1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2004-03-16 | Karim S Christopher | Emergency low altitude parachute wherein canopy is deployed and inflated prior to use |
US6805323B2 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-10-19 | Atair Aerospace, Inc. | Pneumatic parachute riser control |
-
2003
- 2003-05-21 WO PCT/US2003/015895 patent/WO2003099655A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-21 US US10/442,812 patent/US6883756B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-21 AU AU2003243276A patent/AU2003243276A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2606729A (en) * | 1949-05-25 | 1952-08-12 | Reconstruction Finance Corp | Delay opening parachute pack and pneumatic releasing assembly therefor |
US2972458A (en) * | 1958-04-11 | 1961-02-21 | Steinthal & Co Inc M | Parachute canopy ejection and opening apparatus |
US3278142A (en) * | 1964-09-29 | 1966-10-11 | Clifton W Marshall | Automatically extending pilot chute bridle attachment |
US3393001A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1968-07-16 | Army Usa | Cargo release for parachutes |
US3787011A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-01-22 | G & H Techn Inc | Parachute release |
US3776493A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1973-12-04 | Us Navy | Parachute decoupling apparatus |
US3759469A (en) * | 1972-11-06 | 1973-09-18 | Us Army | Parachute arrangement |
US3801051A (en) * | 1973-01-10 | 1974-04-02 | Us Air Force | Tow plate |
US3829046A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1974-08-13 | Us Navy | Programmable, reversible drag, multi-stage parachute |
US4108402A (en) * | 1977-01-13 | 1978-08-22 | Eleanor J. Bowen | Aircraft emergency letdown system |
US4279392A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-07-21 | Fxc Corporation | Adjustable time-delayed apparatus for opening a parachute |
US4480806A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-11-06 | Stencel Aero Engineering Corporation | Ejection seat stabilization apparatus |
US5058831A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1991-10-22 | Shigeki Takahashi | Emergency escape unit |
US5104066A (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1992-04-14 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Drogue chute speed mode selector |
US5232184A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1993-08-03 | Pioneer Aerospace Corporation | Self-staging parachute apparatus |
US5687931A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1997-11-18 | Irvin Industries Canada Limited | Parachute ground disconnecting devices |
US5899415A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-05-04 | Conway; Robert | Personnel guided aerial delivery device |
US20030197095A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-10-23 | Daniel Preston | Steerable parachute control system and method |
US6705572B1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2004-03-16 | Karim S Christopher | Emergency low altitude parachute wherein canopy is deployed and inflated prior to use |
US20040026569A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-02-12 | Daniel Preston | Pneumatic riser release |
US6805323B2 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-10-19 | Atair Aerospace, Inc. | Pneumatic parachute riser control |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7584928B2 (en) | 2008-01-24 | 2009-09-08 | Brs, Incorporated | Drogue parachute drag force actuated programmable controller to generate an event trigger signal |
US20090189022A1 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-07-30 | Brs, Incorporated | Drogue parachute drag force actuated programmable controller to generate an event trigger signal |
US20100001140A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Mchugh Charles O | Load Assisted Release System |
US8123171B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2012-02-28 | S.E., Inc. | Load assisted release system |
CN102358427A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-02-22 | 轻工业钟表研究所 | Air-dropped accessory retarding parachute opening mechanism |
US9308970B1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2016-04-12 | Sri International | Net engagement with parachute slowdown (NEPS) system |
US11613364B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2023-03-28 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Near-space operation systems |
US9694910B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2017-07-04 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Near-space operation systems |
US10829229B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2020-11-10 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Near-space operation systems |
US10787268B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2020-09-29 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Rigidized assisted opening system for high altitude parafoils |
US9561858B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2017-02-07 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Rigidized assisted opening system for high altitude parafoils |
US11608181B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2023-03-21 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Rigidized assisted opening system for high altitude parafoils |
US10988227B2 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2021-04-27 | World View Enterprises Inc. | High altitude balloon systems and methods using continuous multi-compartment super pressure balloon |
US9540091B1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-01-10 | World View Enterprises Inc. | High altitude balloon systems and methods |
WO2018009252A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2018-01-11 | The Skylife Company, Inc. | Time delay device for parachute deployment |
US20170275008A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | The Skylife Company, Inc. | Time delay device for parachute deployment |
US10737754B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2020-08-11 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Continuous multi-chamber super pressure balloon |
US10336432B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2019-07-02 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US10829192B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2020-11-10 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US10124875B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2018-11-13 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Continuous multi-chamber super pressure balloon |
US11447226B1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2022-09-20 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US11511843B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2022-11-29 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US11904999B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2024-02-20 | World View Enterprises Inc. | Lighter than air balloon systems and methods |
US20210070454A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-11 | Irvingq Limited | Disconnect assembly |
US11932407B2 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2024-03-19 | Irvingq Limited | Disconnect assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003099655A2 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
WO2003099655A3 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US20030218100A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
AU2003243276A1 (en) | 2003-12-12 |
AU2003243276A8 (en) | 2003-12-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6883756B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for delayed parachute deployment | |
CA2469680C (en) | Steerable parachute control system and method | |
US7416158B2 (en) | Continuous disreefing apparatus for parachute | |
US5232184A (en) | Self-staging parachute apparatus | |
US10407175B2 (en) | Parachute deployment system using decoupled tow and release lines | |
US10167072B2 (en) | Atmospheric balloon descent system | |
US11066175B2 (en) | Cinched parachute | |
US4639229A (en) | Survival kit air deployable apparatus and method | |
US11667389B2 (en) | Release mechanism device, parachute systems and parachute stabilization | |
CA3142219A1 (en) | Release mechanism device, parachute systems and parachute stabilization | |
US3773284A (en) | Controllable multi-stage increasing drag parachute | |
US3408026A (en) | Variable time delay reefing line cutter | |
US3362664A (en) | Parachute control system | |
US3064568A (en) | Stabilized line dispensing device | |
US2919154A (en) | Automatic ground load releasing devices for load carrying parachutes | |
US7419122B2 (en) | Combined skirt-reefing and slider method for controlled parachute opening | |
US5054398A (en) | Process and apparatus for dispersing submunition bodies | |
CN209142392U (en) | One kind is from release type smallclothes goods and materials high-altitude jettison system | |
US20170275008A1 (en) | Time delay device for parachute deployment | |
EP0336910A1 (en) | Pneumatic launching device for rescue parachutes for aerodines and aerostats | |
US2768802A (en) | Destructible link device | |
CA2269431A1 (en) | Separable cord connecting structure of parachute background of the invention | |
GB1320223A (en) | Parachute dployment system incorporating a rocket | |
US3507468A (en) | Apparatus for detecting changes in pressure | |
US11767122B2 (en) | Cargo parachute system intermediate load attachment platform having reduced force release and parachute systems using same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ATAIR AEROSPACE, INC., NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PRESTON, DANIEL J.;REEL/FRAME:016487/0605 Effective date: 20050404 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
SULP | Surcharge for late payment |
Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Free format text: PAYER NUMBER DE-ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: RMPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: LUMINATI AEROSPACE LLC, NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PRECISION FLIGHT SYSTEMS LLC, D/B/A ATAIR AEROSPACE;REEL/FRAME:037213/0546 Effective date: 20151204 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20170426 |