US686091A - Stove. - Google Patents

Description

i NITED STATES AXEL MAURITZ LANNER, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

PATENT SOFFTC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 686,091, dated November 5, 190.1.

Application filed September 27,1900. Serial No. 31,295. (No model.)

To 00H whom' it may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL MAURITZ LAN- NER, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden and Norway, residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to magazine-stoves, and has for its object to provide a construction which will insure a substantially complete `combustion of the fuel and a substantially complete utilization of the heat thus produced, whereby great economy and saving of fuel is attained.

The invention also has for its object to provide means `for effectually'and conveniently controlling or regulating the combustion according to the size of the room or set of rooms tvo be heated and with regard to the variation of the temperature and the draft, so as to secure a uniform and comfortable heat.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section of the improved stove. Figs. 2,3, and 4 are horizontal sections on the broken lines 2 2, 3 3, and 4 4t, Fig. l. Fig. `5 is a side view of the valvechamber, showing the device for holding the valves in any given position. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a part of the fixed bottom plate, showing the support or guide for the plane grate and the stop for limiting its outwardv movement.

The re or combustion chamber and fines are constructed essentially of fire-brick or partly of cast-iron and are inclosed in an outer metal shell or casing a, preferably of blued sheet-steel. The side walls of the firechamber consist of blocks i), of refractory material, the front and back walls consist of inclined grates d and e, of castiron or firebricks, while the bottom consists of a preferably imperforate plane grate or plate ff', of cast-iron, which is adapted to be reciprocated forward and backward in suitable guides g. The said plane grate is made in two parts, the rear part f of which has two forward-directed projections f3, between which the frontpart f is pivoted, said front part being'sustained bysuitable brackets g' on the guides, so as to not drop down until pulled outward sufficiently for clearing the said brackets. VThe fire-chamber is contracted downward onac- `count of the inclined front and rear giates'-, and the rear part f of the plane grate llas about the same width as the distance between `theloweredgesof saidinclined grates. When the front part f' of the plane grate turns down into the ash-pit, the rear partf of said plane grate ser-ves as a bottom for the firechamber and prevents the fuel from falling down into the ash-pit. In order to stop the `outward movement of the plane grate at the proper moment, the said grate is provided with shouldersf2, which are adapted to strike stops g2 on the'guides at the limit of its outward movement,the guides being wide enough to permit of the release of the shoulders when the plane grate is lifted a short distance,

whereby the insertion and removal of the The front inclined grate e is pivoted so as.

to swing inwardly and upwardly upon studs projecting inwardly from the sides of the door-frame or upon a spindle s, having bearing in the frame, said stud or spindle being preferably removable, so as to permit of the removal of said grate even in the event that the side blocks b sag or become warped from heat.

Above the fireplace and in open communication with it is the fuel-magazine m, which extends upwardly to the cover c, the latter having an inlet-opening for charging the magazine with fuel. Said opening is preferably surrounded by a channel, so as to receive a iiange provided `on the under sidej of the lid Z, the channel being filled with sand or similar material for preventing the` escape of vapors. In some instances the magazine may terminate in a side inlet-opening Amade in the casing a. The magazine is preferably placed somewhat eccentrically in the casing, being nearer the front side than the back side, so that a considerable space is left between the magazine andthe back side of the casing. This space is by means of a partition p, terminating short oflor below the cover, divided into two parts or iiues it, communicating above said partition. One of these lines or nptakes is formed between the partition and the magazine, preferably extending around the latter and communicating directly with the fireplace, while the other IOO an opening or short flue h, through which thev fireplace communicates more directly with the outlet-chamber o. In said chamber o are two valves a: z, one for the short horizontal flue 71, and the other for the longer flue t i', so that both flues can be controlled or regulated independently of each other.

In order to properly control the draft, the valves should be constructed so as to stayin every given position. This can be effected by means of a plate-spring pointer q, fastened to theaxis of the valve and pressing against a toothed or radially-rifled ring or sector r,- provided on the outside of the valve chamber. As this spring-pointer follows the movement of the valve, the position of the latter can be easily ascertained at any time.

Beneath the fireplace is the ash-pit, which is separated from the fire-chamber by means of a bottom u, bearing the guides for the plane grate and having an opening for said plane grate in front of the rear inclined grate d. Behind the rear inclined grate is a space formed between it and the partition p, and be- .y neath said space are one or more openings u i v in the bottom u, so that air from the ash-pit -can enter the fire-chamber through said opening or openings and the back grate d or escape through the short flue h, thus providing for the consumption of the carbonio oXid and other combustible products still remaining in the escaping gases. The opening u in the bottom u behind the back grate d maybe more or less closed or opened by shifting the plane grate ff\backward or forward.

The door V is hinged to the door-frame and is provided with an openin g occupying nearly the Whole width and about the upper half of the door, a vertically-sliding shutter c being arranged on the inside of said door for closing said opening more or less, and thus regulating the access of fresh ai'r to the lire. means of springs o', fastened to the shutter and sliding along guides t, provided on the door, or by means of other suitable arrangement, the shutter is adapted to remain in any given position. latter is provided with a knob or handle 7c, having a Wire spiral, between the windings of which air can circulate for cooling the same. This handle also can be used for opening the door when necessary.

It will be seen that the opening of the door is situated in front of the fire and that the whole front side of the latter can be uncovered Without opening the door by pushing For shifting the shutter the down the shutter to its lowest position. Live coals or cinders accidentally dropping from the front grate will be caught by the lower part of the door, and thereby prevented from falling on the floor. In all positions the shutter is totally inclosed within the margins of the door, and thus never mars the appearance of the latter or of the stove. When the door is closed, all air entering into the stove must pass through the opening in the door above the upper edge of the shutter. The air then partly passes directly to the fire through the front inclined grate e and partly descends along said grate and passes through the ashpit along the under side of the plane grate, and finally ascends through the bottom u behind the rear inclined grate. The air taking this latter course will be highly heated by contact with the front inclined and plane grates, and thuswill be placed in the best possible condition to insure a substantially complete combustion of the carbonio oxid and other combustible substances in the escaping gases.

In the ash-pit are two pans j and j', of sheet metal or castings, the one abo ve or within the other for receiving the ashes. The bottom of the upper pan is perforated or consists of a wire sieve, so that the ashes can be riddled from the fuel not completely comsumed and the latter brought into the magazine again.

When the door is open, coal or cinders accidentally falling out will drop upon the plate n, situated under the door-frame, said plate having an upward-directed rim for prevent ing the coals from rolling down to the floor. In order to facilitate the cleaning of said plate, itis made loose, so that it can easily be taken away at any time, the inner margin having one or more projections n', that enter recesses in the lower cast part of the stove.

About the middle of the stove there are on the outside two opposite lugs or handles w for facilitating the lifting or transportation .thereof when necessary.

The principal features of this invention can .be applied to stoves, furnaces, and ranges.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,y the construction and mode of operation of ,my improved stove will'be readily understood.

A stove constructed in accordance with my -invention is free from the inconveniencessuch as smoking, smelling, &c.with which most stoves hitherto used have been encum- .bered,.and it burns everything economic- ICOl IIC)l can be made (or started) without emptying the stove. Y

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A stove, range or furnace having a firechamber, an ash-pit, an outlet-flue, a partition between the ash-pit and outlet-flue and provided with an air-opening, and a grate movable to control said opening, substantially as set forth.

2. A stove, range or furnace having a firechamber, an ash-pit, an outlet-flue, a partition between the ash-pit and outlet-flue and provided with an air-opening, and a reciproeating grate controlling said opening, substantially as set forth.

8. A stove, range or furnace having a firechamber, a grate, a door giving access to the fire-chamber and provided with a shutter, and a swinging grate-section in line with said shutter and between the door and fire-chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. A stove, range or furnace having a firechamber, an ash-pit, an outlet-line at the rear of the fire-chamber, a door at the front of the fire-chamber, a partition between the rear portion of the ash-pit and outlet-Hue and provided with an air-opening, a bottom `frate movable to control said opening, and front and rear grate-sections between the fire-chamber and door and said chamber and the iue,

said front grate-section being movably mounted, substantially as set forth.

5. Astove, range or furnace having a rechamber, an ash-pit, an outlet-fine at the rear of the fire-chamber, a door at the front of the fire-chamber, a partition between the rear portion of the ash-pit and outlet-line and provided with an air-opening, a bottom grate movable to control said opening, and front and rear grate-sections between the fire-chamber and door and said chamber and the iiue, said front grate-section being movably mounted, vertical up and down take fines in communication with the fire-chamber and outletline, and valves in the downtake and outlet fines, substantially as set forth.

6. A stove, range or furnace having a firechamber, an ash-pit, an outletflue at the rear of the lire-chamber, a door at the front of the {ire-chamber, a partition between the rear portion of the ash-pit and outlet-flue and provided with an air-opening, a grate movable to control said opening, a vertical rear partition forming with the stove-body up and down take fines in communication with the re-chamber and outletflue, and valves governing said flues, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two 'subscribing witnesses.

AXEL MAURITZ LANNER.

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