US684785A

US684785A - Electric-arc lamp.

Info

Publication number: US684785A
Application number: US5153199A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jean Bouillet
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1899-12-20
Filing date: 1899-12-20
Publication date: 1901-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 1918-10-22

Description

No. 684,785. Patented Oct. 22, I901. J. BOUILLET.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Applicntionjled. Dec. 20, 1899. Renewed Mar. 16, 1901.)

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet I.

FIG. I

W ay

Jam-Mays Patented Oct. 22, I901. J. BOUILLET.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

'(Applicltion'flled Dec.'20, 1899. Renewed Mar. 18, 1901.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

FIG. 2-

m: NDRRIS 12m cc, PHDYO-L1THO,WASHINGYON. u. c.

No. 684.785. Patented Oct. 22, [90L J. BOUILLET.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(Application filed. Doc. 20, 1899. Benawed Mn. 16, 1901.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

fzornq/u.

No. 684,785. Patented Oct. 22, IBM.

J. BOUILLET.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Applicltiun-flled Doc. 20, .1899. Renewed Mar. 16, 1901.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.) 4

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No. 684,785. Patented 001. 22, l90l. J. BOUILLET.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed Dec. 20, 1899. Renewed Mar. 16, 1901.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN BOUILLET, OF LEVALLOIS-PERRET, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 684,785, dated October 22, 1901. Application filed December 20, 1899. Renewed March 16, 1901- Serial No. 51,531. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN BOUILLET, electrician, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Levallois-Perret, (Seine,) France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Electric Lighting or Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to an improved electric apparatus applicable as an ordinary arclamp, as a refiectingceiling-lamp, oras a heating-stove in which there is no delicate and complicated mechanism liable to get out of order. I preferably arrange the carbons horizontally, which allows the same to be readily and easily inserted in place, assuring illumination without the possibility of the carbons jamming and a regular and faultless action.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 3 represent fully a specimen of construction of my electric apparatus employed as an ordinary arc-lamp. Fig. 1 is an elevation view of the lamp, taken according to the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, the section being made through the line B B of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation view of the lamp, taken according to the direction of the arrow 0, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of my apparatus applied as a reflecting ceiling-lamp. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the arrangement of this apparatus applied as a heating-stove.

The regulating mechanism remaining the same in the three applications, I will describe it with reference to Figs. 1 to 3.

The mechanism comprises, essentially, a frame formed by two horizontal plates 01, and I), connected by columns or rods c,which carry the various parts of the device, consisting of the carbon-carriers, the illuminating arrangement, and the regulating mechanism. Each carbon-carrier consists of a vertical roller 61, mounted in a bracket fixed at the lower exand which can receive at its upper extremity a movement of rotation. The other horizontal roller 9 is mounted freely on an elastic rod '1}, carried by the lower plate b, and which tends to make the two horizontal rollers constantly approach one another. The carbons are carried by the vertical and horizontal rollers, which are grooved for this purpose and are perfectly supported and guided, and if the rods h are rotated at the same rate of speed and in reverse direction to one another it can be understood that these rollers simultaneously moving the two carbons the same will approach one another in a simple mannor in proportion to their use. The rotation of the rods h is governed by the regulating mechanism, which .will hereinafter be explained.

The illuminating arrangement comprises a bobbin j, connected to an insulated terminal screw 7t, and a-horizontal lever Z, pivoted at 0 to a fixed support of the frame. This lever carries at one of its ends an armature for the bobbin and at its other end is articulated to the rod e, carrying the corresponding roller 01. This rod 6 is mounted freely in the lower plate I) of the frame and can receive an upand-down movement, while the other rod 6, carrying the opposite vertical roller, is rigidly fixed to the said plate. By this arrangement when the current passes through the bobbin j the armature of the same is attracted and in consequence lifts the rod e and the corresponding vertical roller cl, which has the result of slightly tilting one of the carbons in a vertical plane to its line of support and displacing the extremities of the carbons, so that the electric arc can be formed.

The regulating mechanism consists of a bobbin m, having a movable core n, articulated to one end of a horizontal pivoted pawllever 19, at the other end of which is a spring g, which tends to maintain the core in the lifted position. A ratchet-wheel r, carried by a bracket mounted on the frame, has on each end of its axle a conical toothed wheel 8, which transmits the movement of the ratchet-wheel to two beveled wheels t, arranged at the upper extremities of the rods h, carrying the horizontal rollers f. The bobbin is fed with the current by a wire from the illuminating-bobbin. This current after hav- IOO ing traversed the bobbin m passes to a piece 16, mounted on the pivoted pawl-lever p and insulated therefrom, and from there by the intermediary of a balanced contact 1) to a terminal 00, fixed. on the upper plate of the apparatus.

The apparatus works as follows: At the moment of illuminatingthat is to say, at the moment where the interrupter which governs the lamp is opened-the current, entering by the insulated terminal h, traverses the illuminating-bobbin j, the insulated carbon-can rier h, the carbon y, and the carbon .2, which were in contact, and then passes to the second terminal a: through the carbon carriers which are not insulated. At the going out of the bobbin j a derivation of the current passes, as hereinbefore described, to the regulating-bobbin m, traverses said bobbin, and by the intermediary of a contact-piece returns to the second terminal 9;. The current which passes through the illuminating-bobbin attracts the armature of the horizontal lever Z and causes the tilting of one of the carbons, as hereinbefore explained, with an insignificant effort, and consequently the separating of the ends of the two carbonsif they are in contact, and renders thus the jamming quite impossible. The are is then formed and there cannot be any uncertainty. As the distance between the carbons augments on account of their wear the electric resistance augments, and the intensity of the derivation-current which traverses the regulattug-bobbin augments sufficiently to make said bobbin attract the core 7t, and this produces a rotation of the ratchet-wheel r by means of the pawl-lever p. This rotation is transmitted by the pinions s i to the rollers f, which will force the carbons to approach one another. In proportion as the core 91 is attracted the balanced lever o continues to rest by its own weight on the contact-piece it and the circuit remains closed until the adjustable projection 12' of said lever arrives to the upper plate Ct. At this moment the contact-piece u abandons the levero and the circuit is broken. The action of the bobbin m on the core 01 ceasing instantaneously, this core is lifted up by the medium of the spring q, connected to the lever p,,and the system is in the same position as before, so that if the carbons are yet too far apart the same phenomena will recommence till said carbons are suitably approached one from the other. This regulating mechanism is perfectly sensible and requires. a very small effort to be operated. The gearing transmission and the rigid rods assure also the indefinite working of the mechanism with a perfect precision and without being liable of getting out of order. The springq is adjustable. By it is found the intensity of the current traversing the bobbin on. This current actuates the step-by-step mechanism by which the carbons are moved toward each other and must be sufficient to operate the mechanism.

ceases In the illuminating arrangement, the effort to be overcome by the bobbin for the separation of the carbons being very small, said bobbin will need a much smaller quantity of wire than the illuminating-bobbins of the present lamps.

In the application of the invention as a reflecting ceiling-lamp or as a stove, Figs. 4 and 5, the carbons are placed on the upper plate of the apparatus. It is sut'iicient in this case to prolong the carbon-carrying rods upward. The carbon-carrying rods h, on which are fixed the conical wheels 6 and which receive at their upper extremity the horizontal rollers f, turn in sockets mounted on the lower plate I) of the frame.

In the case of the coiling-lamp, Fig. it, the body of the mechanism rests, by means of its lower plate I), on the horizontal flange of an angle-iron 1, fixed on the interior face of an inverted reflector or shade 2, which is suspended from the ceiling by means of chains 3 or the like. By this means all the light of the arc is projected on the ceiling, which re fleets it, lighting the room in a uniform manher, the lamp causing no shadow.

In the case of an electric stove, Fig. 5, a circular piece of refractorymaterial 4 rests upon the upper plate (t in any suitable manner and is provided with two holes for the passage of the carbons. On its upper border a metallic covering 5 is arranged, provided with indentations or corrugations, on which the utensils to be heated are placed. The lower part of the stove is provided with a hollow metallic base I), which serves as a stand. In this construction I can arrange the rheostat mechanism directly on this base. I can also arrange the resistance in the refractory circular part i. It is suiiicient to provide the latter with a carbon block, for example, in the interior of which is embedded an iron wire. By the passage of the current the refractory block is warmed and forms thus a heat-recuperator. Further, I can juxtapose a certain number of my apparatus and fix the whole in the same frame in order to form a heater of longitudinal shape.

In its various applications my electric apparatus can work with continuous current or alternate current by the mere changement of the regulating-bobbin. If the current be alternate, the carbons having the same diameter and the two series of rollers being alike, the two carbons will simultaneously advance at the same speed, and so the focus of light will be stationary. If the current be continuous and the positive carbon be thicker, the rollers which move it will act upon it with a greater circumferential contact than the rollers which move the negative carbon, so the advance of the carbons will be proportioned to the wear and a stationary focus of light will be maintained.

The placing of the carbons is extremely simple and the proper position of said carbons is assured without the necessity of a center= ing device by means of the arrangement itself of the carbon-carriers.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In an arc-lamp having horizontal carbons, each carbon being supported by a Vertical roller and guided between a pair of horizontal rollers, the combination of an arc striking means consisting of a vertically-movable rod carrying one of the vertical rollers, and actuated by a magnet in the arc-circuit to tilt one of the carbons and establish the arc, with means for feeding the carbons consisting of rods rotating the horizontal rollers, geared together and actuated by a step-by-step mechanism controlled by a magnet in a shunt-circuit about the are, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an arc-lamp, having horizontal carbons, each carbon being supported by a vertical roller, and guided between a pair of hori zontal rollers,the combination of an arc-striking means, consisting of a vertical movable rod carrying one of the vertical rollers, and actuated by one of the magnets in the arccircuit, to tilt one of the carbons and establish the arc, with means for feeding the arccarbons, consisting of the bobbin m, through which passes the shunt-current about the bobbin j, the carbons, and the arc, and which attracts the armature it, when the carbons are too far apart, and the resistance is sufficiently increased, and by means of intermediate mechanism, causes the ratchetwvheel r, to partially rotate, transmitting its motion by the wheels 5, and t, to the rod it, on the lower end of which are mounted the rollers which guide and support the carbons, and forcing the carbons to approach each other, step by step, as required, to maintain a stationary focus of light, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth. v

3. In an arc-lamp, arranged as a reflecting ceiling-lamp, having horizontal carbons,each

carbon being supported by a vertical roller and guided between apair of horizontal rollers, the combination of an arc-striking means consisting of a vertical movable rod carrying one of the vertical rollers and actuated by a magnet in the arc-circuit, to tilt one of the carbons and establish the arc, and means for feeding the arc-carbons consisting of rods rotating the horizontal rollers, geared together and actuated by a step-by-step mechanism controlled by a magnet in a shunt-circuit about the arc, with an inverted reflector sus pended from the ceiling, and the angle-iron 1, fixed on the interior face of said reflector and carrying the frame by which the mechanism of said lamp is supported, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an arc-lamp arranged for a stove,hav ing horizontal carbons, each carbon being supported by a vertical roller, and guided between a pair of horizontal rollers, the combination of an arc-striking means consisting of a vertically-movable rod carrying one of the vertical rollers, and actuated by a magnet in the arc-circuit, to tilt one of the carbons and establish the arc, and means for feeding the arc-carbons consisting of rods ac tuating the horizontal rollers, geared together and actuated by a step-by-step mechanism controlled by a magnet in the shunt -circuit about the arc, with a hollow metallic base on which rests the mechanism and which supports the stove, a circular piece of refractory material pierced and arranged with two opposite holes for the passage of carbons, and a metallic covering upon the upper edge of said .refractory piece, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 5th day of December, 1899.

JEAN BOUILLET. Witnesses:

GUsTAvE Lnrhvan, ANTOINE LAVOIX.