US684727A - Saw-filing machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 684,727. Patented Oct. I5, |90I. A. C. SAXTDN.

SAW FILING MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 19, 1900.)

5 Sheets-Sheet I.

(N0 Model.)

TH: Nonms Pneus oo. wom-umu., WASHINGTON. D. c.

1 Patented Oct. I5, I90I. A. C. SAXTON.

SAW FILING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

(Application led Apr. 19, 1900.)4

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESSES:

@jy I Lik M A ,[NVE TOR;

1H: Nonms PET-:na cov ammo., Wmme-ron. v. c.

No. 684,727. Patented Oct. l5, |90I. A. C.v SAXTON.

SAW FILING MACHINE (Application med Api. 19, 190m (No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet' 3.

WITNESSES: TOR

@g/M- M' me uonm PETER; co. Pmnuwo.. wAsmNoroN, n. c.

No. 684,727. vPaIenIeII oct. I5, vIsIoI.

A. c. sAxToN.

sAw FILING MACHINE..

(Application filed Apr. 19, 1900.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets--Sheet 4.

me ohms Ferreras co. pHoro-mnu, wAsmnmcN, n. c.v

No. 684,727. Patented ont. l5, |901.

A. c. SAXTON.

SAW FILING MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr, 19, 1900.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

wz warns News co. I'NooLrrHo.. wAsHmsTcN. n. c.

,iUrTan STATES ATE AUGUSTUS C. SAXTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

SAW-FILING MACHINE.

srncrricAiiiN forming 'part of Letters Patent no. 684,727, dated october 15, reci.

i Application' filed April 19j 190D. Serial No. 13,430. (No model.)

T ttl-Z wt'om, t may' concern.:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS C. SAXTON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State d of New York, (having my post-office address at No. 262 Washington street, in said Brooklyn,) have invented a new and Improved Saw- Filing Machine, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which--V "Figure lis a rear elevation of themachine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation as seen from the right. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is a plan View of the machine. Fig. 5 is a front elevation showing certain details of construction and operation. Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the more important parts of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the saw clamping or vise mechanism. Fig. Sis a front view, partly in section, of ainodiiied construction of the saw-carriage, its slideway, and coacting parts. Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the parts illustrated in Fig. S. Fig. l() is a sectional side view of a part of the oscillating frame which carries the le. Fig. 1l is a front plan view of that which is shown in Fig. l0. Fig. l2 illustrates a detail, mostlyin verticalsection, of certain parts of the feeding mechanism.

In this machine I accomplish the filing of saws in a manner closely resembling handliling; but my machine being provided with devices forsecuring all desirable adjustments the accuracy of the filing is superior to that possible by hand, and, in addition to this, the mechanism and its operation are such that the teeth of thel saw are maintained of the same length, in the same plane, and have the same pitch, and each is as near as possible identical with every other, and the speed at which the machine operates is such that a saw may be filed in a small fraction of the time required for iiling by hand.

A is the table of the machine, supported upon legs B or in any other preferred manner. Ifseparate legs are employed, I prefer to brace them by cross-braces C.

D is the main shaft, upon which are fast and loose pulleys E E', respectively.

F is the driving-belt. Gr is a beveled pinion keyed to the shaft D, and His a beveled Vhanger J.

gear with which thel pinion intermeshes. The gear H is supported upona shaft I, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) which is supported in a bracket or (See Figs. 2 and G.) The shaftD is held in a bracket K at one side of the ma# chine and in another one, L, at the other side. They are supported on the under side of the table. (See Figs. l and 3.)

Mis a face-cam attached to the shaft I, and N is a face-plate provided with a wrist-pin O. The edge of this plate N is likewise a cam, as shown best in Fig. 6.

P is a lever, pivoted at Q to the table of the machine, the lower end of which is slotted, as at R, within which slot playsv the wrlstpin O. The upper end of this lever P is connected by links S S (see Figs. 4 and 5) to the crosshead T, forming part of the file-supporting frame. This frame is composed of two parts, the cross-head T, above referred to, which is supported by and slides upon two parallel and substantially horizontal rods or bars U U, (see Fig. 4,) which are suitably supported upon the frame of the machine by bearings V V, dmc., and the other part of the {ile-carrying somewhat upon one 'of the bars U, so that when moving in one direction the file may be brought into operative contact with the teeth of the saw, but on the backward movement it will be lifted from such contact. The mechanism whereby this oscillation is effected is in part as follows: Y is a spring the central portion of which is held by any suitable device, such as a lug or pair of screws Z, (see Fig. 4,) and the ends engage with lugs, screws, or the like ct Ct, formed upon or attached to arms b b, which form part of the oscillating frame WV. The action of this spring therefore is always to rock the frame W, which "frame (shown at W) is arranged to oscillate carries the tile, upwardly, tending to lift the over. The sockets d and the clampinglscrews ICO e maybe so formed as to hold the f1le irrespective of the shape of its ends. The sockets d are shown in detail in Figs. 10 and 1I, in which the front end of one of the supporting-arms is shown, as before, at c. In this arm is drilled a hole g, through which loosely passes the threaded extremity or spindle 7L of 'one of the sockets d. The sockets (see Fig. 1l) are pieces of steel having V-shaped recesses 1l milled out of their front ends, of the proper shape to receive the ends of the tile f, and they are made of two diameters, the spindle h, already referred to, being smaller than the body part d, thus producing a shoulder j, (see Fig. 11,) against which preferably but `not necessarily rests a washer lo, which tits against the side of the 4arm c. m is a nut threaded to the spindle h, whereby the sockets are rigidly held to the arms c after they have been properly adjusted. This matter of the adjustment of the tile-holding sockets is ot importance in machines of this sort, and it is something which, so far as I am aware, has been neglected by prior inventors in this art. The means for acquiring the stated adjustment may be variously constructed. I therefore do not limit myself in any respect tothe special construction which I am about to describe. The form shown by me, however, has proven very effective in use, and it is as follows: As already stated, the threaded spindle h is considerably smaller than the hole g in the arm c through which it passes, and I provide three set-screws n n n, which may for convenience have milled heads or be otherwise operated. They pass through correspondingly-threaded holes in the arm c in such manner as to bear upon the spindle 7i at three points substantially equidistant on its circumference, as illustrated in Fig. 10. By this means I adjust the sockets to onel side or the other of the holes through the arms c, and when once adjusted then by screwing up the nut m they are rigidly held in their adjusted position. It will be seen that by thismethod what m'ay be called the primary end of the Iile-in other words, that which first engages with the teeth of the saw-may be set slightly higher than the opposite end, which engages last with the saw, and also it may be set forwardly or rearwardly, as may be necessary. In this way my machine simulates exactly the operation of hand-filing, because a skilled saw-{iler enters the frontend of his tile between the teeth to be sharpened, and as he moves the le forwardly he does so with a gradually-increasing pressure upon it, so that the file, as it were, slides down into the teeth and exerts substantially equal pressure and effects substantially an equal degree of eutting during its entire stroke. If this adjustment was not made in a saw-tiling machine, the bite of. the file would be almost entirely at the commencement of the tiling operation, which would be very apt to rip the teeth from the file or rip the teeth from the saw or distort them or cut t-he metal of the saw-blades so excessively that an upsetting or burring operation would be apt to result, leaving a ragged, uneven, and distorted tooth instead of a sharp, keen, properly-shaped one.

Another important feature wherein my sockets differ from any heretofore known, so far as I am aware, is the method of connecting the files to the sockets. Under myinvention I provide for each socket a loosely-fitting sleeve or collar o, which is adapted to slide freely back and forth over the sockets, and in this collar I thread a set-nut p, (preferably having a milled head.) As already stated, the files are soshaped at their ends that they properly it the V-shaped recess in the end of the socket. In adjusting the file within the sockets I first loosen the set-screws 1J' and slide the collars, respectively, to the right and left back against the washers 7e. Then the file is simply dropped into place, and it automaticall y assumes exactly the proper position. The sleeves are then iu a moment moved back again to near the inner ends of the respective sockets, and upon setting up the screws 29 the file will be immediately held in proper position. v

To return now to the devices which effect the oscillation ofthe tile-supporting frame W. That which gives it its upward movement has already been described. The mechanism which depresses it during its filing stroke is as follows, reference being had particularly to Figs. 2, 3, and 5: q isa rock-shaft supported in bearings rr. s is an arm keyed to the shaft q, upon which is an antifricti'on-roller t, which engages with the face of the cam N. u (see Figs. 2 and 5) is a plate-spring fastened at one end to the base of the machine, and at the other end it bears against the hub of the arm s in such manner as to depress the arm Fand maintain permanent contact between the roller t and theface of the cam N. o is another arm keyed to the shaft q, which engages at its end with a connecting-rod w, (see Fig. 5,) which in turn connects with a pivoted bellcrank l, pivoted at 2 to the under side of the table of the machine. The free end of the bell-crank is provided with a roller 3 for a purpose hereinafter to be explained, and near' its end it engages with a set-screw 4, set in the rectangular end of a sliding bar 5, which passes upwardlythrough the table of the machine and through a supporting-block 6 and carries a roller 7 on its upper end. This roller engages with the upper edge of the cross-bar part of the mechanism whereby eXactness in operation is secured, none of which, however, need be specially referred to, excepting 9 of the oscillating frame W, so that as the IOO seiner to state that by setting the screw 4t higher or lower in the rectangular end of the bar 5 the downward pressure of the iile upon the teeth ofthe saw may be exactly adjusted. As heretofore stated, the free end of the bell-crank 1 carries on its end a roller 3, which as this end of the crank rises and falls engages with a cam-shaped block on the lower end of a lever 11, which is pivoted at 12 to some rigid part of the machine, and at the upper end of this lever 11 there is a transversely-arranged set-screw 13. (See especially Fig. 7, also Figs. 3, 4, and 5.) This set-screw engages with the free end of one jaw 15 of the saw-clamping vise. This jaw is pivoted at 16 to the slideway for the saw-carriage, which will be hereinafter explained. The opposite jaw 17 ofthe vise is rigidly connected to the slideway or other suitable support by screws, as shown. The timing of the apparatus is such that during the forward propulsion or feed of the saw carriage and blade the lever11 does not exert pressure upon the movable jaw 15; but just prior to the descent of the tile, as heretofore explained, (by reason of the oscillation of the frame which carries it) and its engagement with the teeth of the saw the bar 11 is rocked upon its axis 12 and the jaw 15 closed upon the sawblade,whereby it is heldimmediately adjacent to the teeth to be tiled between the rigid jaw 17 and the slightly-movable one 15. There are various adjustments employed by me in connection with this lever 11--that is to say, the cam-block 10 is connected to its lower end by a screw, as shown, (see Fig. 5,) which works in a slot in the lower end of the bar 11, so that the block maybe shifted vertically, whereby the thrust received from the roller 3 may be markedly differentiated, in this manner compensating for sawblades having considerable variance in thickness. The more minute adjustment I secure by means of the set-screw 13 at or near the upper end of the bar 11, which immediately engages with the free end of the movable jaw 15. By screwing this in or out one or more revolutions or a fraction of one revolution I can secure the most minute adjustment and properly grip the finest saw-blade.

The saw-carriage, the slideway therefor, and the mechanism for feeding it, all of which have heretofore been incidentally referred to, are in detail as follows: Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 4;, and 6, 1S 18 18 1S are four rectangular plates bolted in their horizontal section to the table of the machine, as shown, and between their upwardly-extending iianges they support the slideway 10 for the saw-carriage. I construct this slideway in two forms, one shown in Figs. 8 and 9 and the other shown in the figures generally. I will describe the latter form first. This slideway is composed, generally speakin g, of a metallic channel-bar having a squared trough-like recess extending through it from end to end, within which the saw-carriage slides. It is supported in any suitable inanner, as by screws 20, (see Figs. 2 and 6,) upon the plates 18 referred to. The saw-carriage proper is the same in construction as that referred to in my application for a saw-setting machine now pending in the United States Patent Office as Serial No. 735,579 and need not here be particularly described, excepting to state that the devices which immediately clamp the saw and which vertically adjust it areuor may be the same as shown in said pending application.

The feeding mechanism is as follows: 21 (see Fig. 6) is a crank-arm keyed to .a shaft 22, which is supported upon a bearing 23 at one end and in the slideway 19 at or near the other end. Upon the shaft 22 are keyed two hubs 24, from each of which project upwardly two lugs 25 25, within which are adjustingscrews 26 26, which engage with lugs 27 on the respective arms 28,looselysupported upon the shaft 22, and from the upper ends of these arms 28 (see Figs. 6 and 12) project horizontally the feeding- pawls 29 and 30, respectively, which engage alternately with the feeding-teeth on the upper edge of the sawcarriage in a manner substantially the same as that described in my said pending application. This entire mechanism is actuated by a roller 31 on the lower end of the crankarm 21, (see Fig. 6,) which engages with the face-cam M on the counter-shaft I. There are a number of adjusting devices connected with this feeding mechanism. The more important are as follows: The cam Mis not fast on the shaft I. On the contrary, it is adapted to slightlongitudinal adjustment on said shaft by means of the adj ustin g-screws 34 34E, which pass through the face-plate N and engage with the outer side of the cam M, so it may be adjusted longitudinally on the shaft I, and thus aect the throw of the feeding-pawls, compensating for lost motion incident to wear and al'so enabling marked changes to be made in the feeding mechanism. The liner adjustments'are obtained through the adjustingscrews 26 26, (see Figs. 6 and 12,) which being run to the right or the left and engaging with the lugs 27 on the respective pawl-carrying arms 2S move them to the right or left in very minute degrees, as desired, so that the engagement of the feeding-pawls with the teeth on the saw-carriage may be exactly adj usted and the feed of the saw exactly register with the position and movement of the file. The pawls are held down to their work by means of springs 35 or in any other suitable manner.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I show in end and side views, respectively, a modified construction of the slideway for the saw-carriage the purpose of which is to afford adjustment to compensate for marked differences in the width of saw-blades, since some blades are half an inch wide or thereabout, whereas others are two or more inches in width. Also by this construction my machine is adapte-d to sharpen carpenters or other similar saws. lin this IOO IIO

construction the angle-plates 1S 18, &c., are y downwardly-projecting portions or lugs 39,

which engage with wedges 40, which are supported vupon the table A of the machine. There are four wedges, of course, two at each end of the table, which engage with the respective halves 36 of the movable bottom of 'the slideway'. In this way by introducing or withdrawing the wedges the slideway will be adapted to receive carriages with saw-blades of markedly different widths. The movable bottom 36 is made in two parts and also the series of wedges separate from each other in order that there may be a space (shown best in Fig. 8) at 4l through which wide sawblades may project downwardly, and sometimes when wide carpenters saws are to be sharpened I cut the table A of the machine in two, strapping it together by straps A (two or more of them being employed for the purpose) to give the 'requisite strength. When these wide saws are manipulated upon the machine, the two halves of the saw-carriage are clamped together at the ends beyond the saw-blade, and of course the adjusting-screws described in my previous application (which screws are threaded into the halves of the saw-carriage and regulate the vertical height of the blade) are removed.

The operation of the machine has been so far stated in the previous explanation that a brief description only is necessary. A sawblade is clamped within the carriage in the manner set forth in my said pending application, Serial No. 735,579. It is then introduced within the slideway for the carriage and pressed forward until the first tooth is near the file. The machine is then set in motion, during which the lever P and coacting parts effect the transverse reciprocating movement of the file-carrying frame, which during its movement in one direction causes the file to engage with the teeth of the saw, and in the reverse direction the file is lifted from the teeth and goes back idle. As each tooth is filed the feeding mechanism propels the carriage, with the saw-blade, a distance exactly equal to one tooth of the saw. During the operation of the file it engages with the teeth and moves across them in a manner practically the same as that of handwork, excepting that it is much more exact, uniform, and even. The angle at which the iile is placed relative to the saw-blade will determine the angle of the teeth. Sometimes I so arrange the parts that the file moves at right angles to the saw-blade. Sometimes I asma? change the angle so as to iile carpenters saws, rip-saws, or those of cabinet-makers and butchers, each with its appropriate and most preferred form of teeth.

It will be obvious to those who are familiar with this art that various modifications may be made in the details of construction of practically every part shown by me. I therefore do not limit myself to the details in any respect.

I claiml. In a saw-filing machine, a {ile-holding frame embodying a transverselyesliding part and a verticallyoscillating frame pivoted thereto, a spring to elevate the free edge of said frame, and a bar provided with an anti'- friction-roller which engages with the said frame and depresses it during the forward or filing stroke, and means to actuate said bar, for the purposes set forth.

2. In a saw-filing machine the combination of a saw-holding carriage adapted to rigidly hold a straight-edged saw, a slideway for the carriage, feeding-teeth on the upper edges of the carriage, alternately-acting feed-pawls which engage with said teeth, means to adjust the pawls, and a reciprocating file-holding frame adapted to engage the file with the teeth of the saw during movement in one direction but not in the reverse direction, for the purposes set forth.

3. In a saw-filing machine a reciprocating frame for holding a file, having projecting arms, holes in the arms provided with triangularly-spaced set-screws, adjustable sockets for the support of the file, held and adjusted by said set-screws, clamps to hold the file in the sockets, whereby the impact of the file upon the teeth of the saw-blade may be uniform and its cutting action regulated during each stroke of the file, and means to reciprocate the same, for the purposes set forth'.

4. In a saw-filing machine the combination ofaiile-holding frame havingprojectingarms, holes in the arms provided with triangularlyspaced set-screws, sockets 'held and adj usted by said set-screws, open V-shaped recesses in the sockets adapted to receive the ends of the file, and clamps adapted to hold the ends of the file in said recesses, for thcvpurposes set forth.

5. In a sa\viiling machine the combination of a longitudinally-movable carriage for the support of a straight-edged saw, a slideway for the carriage, feeding devices for said carriage embodying teeth on the carriage, a rockshaft, a crank-arm upon the rock-shaft pro'- vided with lugs and set-screws, a pawl-arm loose on said shaft and adapted to engage with said set-screws and a feed-pawl on said lastnamed arm, for the purposes set forth.

6. In a saw-filing machine the combination of a carriage for the support of the saw, embodying two plates between which the sawis clamped, teeth or detents on the upper edge of the plates with which the feeding devices engage, a slideway fixed on the frame of the IOO IIO

machine within which the carriage is received, feeding devices for said carriage embodying a rock-shaft, an adjustable arm upon the rockshaft, afeeding-pawl carried bysaid arm, and au adjustable cam for actuating said rockshaft, for the purposes set forth.

7. In a machine of the class stated the coinbination of a carriage adapted to hold a sawblade, a slideway Within which such carriage moves, an adjustable bottom for the slideway whereby the carriage may be bodily elevated or depressed, and supplemental devices carried by the carriage for the vertical adjustment of the saw-blade within it, for the purposes set forth.

8. In a machine of the class stated the combination of a carriage adapted to hold a saw- AUGUSTUS C. SAXTON.

Witnesses:

PHILL11 s ABBOTT, EDGAR R. MEAD.

Images