US682555A - Drill. - Google Patents

Description

Patented sept. lo, 190|. H. KIMMAN.

DRILL. l

(Application led Mar. 29, 1900.)

4 -Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Modal.)

A Patented Sept. I0, |901. H. J. KIMMAN.

DRILL. Application med mr. 29, 1900.)

4Sh eets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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No. 682,555. Patented sept. lo, `mm.

H. J. K-IMMAN.

DRILL. (Applicacionmea mr. 29, 1900.) v (No Model.) 4Sheets-Sheet 3.

ffy LIM/Wan,

UNITED 4STATES PATENT Fries.

HENRY J. IIIMMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF-ONE-l-IALF TO EDWARD N. IIURLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

DRILL.

sPEcIFrcATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,555, dated september 1o, 1901.

' Application ined March 29. 1900. seria No. 10,651. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

.p Be it known vthat I, HENRY J. KIMMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Drills, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to that class-of rotary drills adapted to be operated by motivefluid, such as'compressed air, in which there are two or more cylinders arranged to. rotate around a fixed point, and thereby operate or rotate a tool-shank, which in turn is adapted to contain a proper tool, all of which will mor fully hereinafter appear.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, economical, and efficient rotary drill; and the invention consists in the features, combinations, and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In other inventions design ed for perfecting the same or similar purposes the casing has been used as a live-air chamber, vwhereas in my invention it is used as an exhaust-receiver. Again, in the prior art the air is admitted directly into the liveair chamber, whereas in the present invention it is carried through a separate channel from the suppl y pipe through a passage in the stationary or fixed crank-shaft into a passage leading from the waste portion of the `valve and, according to the position of said valve, admitted into or exhausted from the operating-cylinders. It will also be seen that in this invention the objection which has been met with in similar appliances of the exhaust blowing through the gear mechanism is overcome, the

mechanisms being so arranged that the .eX- haust is admitted into the main casing, which itself is hermetically sealed from the mechanism in the lower portion-namely, the reducing-gear and the tool-shank. The exhaust passes out through a separate pipe, as shown in the drawings.

The principal object aimed at inthe construction of this tool is to obtain a high-speed engine'v adapted to consume las litt-le motive fluid as possible. This result is obtained by employinga stationary eccentric, which is set at the required point-s in the throw of the crank-shaft to obtain the necessary cut-off are rotated to move at an exceedingly rapid rate, the air not having to travel through tortuous passages as it passes in or out. In

other engines of this character the opposite is'the case, especially with engines in which the cylinders are oscillated, as then the valvemotion is slowest when the piston isat the center or end of its stroke. l

In the accompanying drawings, Ifigure l isy av vertical sectional elevation of a rotatable drill constructed" in accordance with my improvements andtaken on line 1 of Fig. 2;`

and Figs. 2, 3, and et are sectional plan views taken on lines 2, 3, and 4, respectively, of Fig. 'l' looking in thedirectiOn of the arrows. In constructing a machine in accordance with my improvements I make a casingA of the desired size, shape, and strength tohold the operative and other parts in position.

This casing is preferably circular in contour when looked at in plan view and can beof any desired shape, though preferably'rectanl gular when viewed in vertical sectional elevation. adapted to contain the operative and other partsin position for use, andv I have sc constructed it asnot only to vhold these parts in position for-use,but also to protect them from dirt, dust, die., while at `the same time'providing an inner chamber, which is in reality an exhaust, out of which the exhaust-pipe A leads. This casing is also provided with an inlet Aleadingfrom the same source of motive fluid, preferably compressed air, and connects with a passage c', which is the inletpassage leading to the center ot' the casing,

as hereinafter described. Intermediate the inlet-opening and the inlet-passage is located a throttle-valve B of any desired form, though I prefer to make one which is seated in the' valve-opening and held therein by means of a helical spring b,.which has its stem projecting outwardly and adapted to be operated by l j' The casing, as above described, is

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means of the lever B. The arrangement, as shown in Fig. l, is such that the Valve is at all times kept closed and is only opened when extraneous pressure is used for such purpose.

Rot-atably mounted in suitable position in the casing is a tool-shank C of any desired construction and arrangement and adapted to hold a drill o, though any other desired tool, such as a tap or reamer, can be used. To rotate this tool-shank, a plurality of fluidpressure cylinders D, D', and D2 are preferably provided, all formed in one integral cylinder-casting and arranged in radial relation to each other, the axes of which are at an angle of one hundred and twenty degrees to each other. This cylindercasting is rotatably mounted at its upper portion on the lower end of the crank-shaft E and at its lower portion in the diaphragm F, which separates the exhaust-chamber from the mechanism below the same. Each and all of the fluid-pressure cylinders are provided with reciprocating pistons CZ, d', and d2, connected, by means of the pitman d3, to the wristpin e of the crank shaft, each forming, as it were, a single-acting engine.

The arrangement shown and described above is such that the casing is always stationary and the cylinders or cylinder-frame rotates about a fixed point. It is desirable, therefore, that while the cylinders are rotating the motive Iiuid be permitted to enter into the fluid-pressure or operating cylinder between the piston and the cylinder-head at the rear, so as to operate the same and permit the exhaust of motive fluid therefrom at the proper time. In order to accomplish this result, the cylinder-frame, as shown particularly in Figs. l and 2, is provided with valvechambers G, G, and G2, the axis of which is arranged in line with the axis of the fluidpressure cylinder, one for each. The cylinder-frame is also provided with an inlet-passage g, leading from the axial opening E in the crank-shaft, which forms a continuation of the main inlet-passage to each valve-charn ber, so that as a piston-valve g reciprocates in each of such chambers the annular recess g2, formed thereby, connects the inlet-opening of the cylinder-frame with the passage g3 in the rear of the cylinder and fluid under pressure (see Fig. l) passes in through the inlet A2, inlet-passage ct, passage E of the crankshaft, passage g in the cylinder frame, through the annular passage g2, and down through the passage g3 between the piston and the cylinder-head to force the piston for- When the piston-valve is in another position-that is, the position farthest to the left of that shown in Fig. l-the passage g3 is connected with the exhaust-chamber a of the casing, so as to permit the motive fluid to exhaust from the cylinders in succession into the exhaust-chamber and pass out to the open air through the exhaust-opening A.

To give the reciprocating piston valve proper motion and at the proper time, an ec-` centric-hub H is formed on the upper portion ot' the engine-casing and surrounding the crank-shaft, around which the eccentricstraps h are passed, and each of which is connected to the proper piston-valve, as shown particularly in Fig. 2. The eccentric being stationary and the cylinder-frame rotatable, it will be seen thatthe proper motion is given to the reciprocating valves at the desired time either to admit motive fluid into the fluid pressure cylinders or to permit it to be exhausted therefrom.

A particular advantage derived from the construction of an engine or rotatable drill made in accordance with these improvements is that the relative travel of the eccentric is quickest when the motion of the piston is slowest, so that I obtain a very quick portopening and equally quick release, thereby enabling the cylinders as they rotate to move at an exceedingly rapid rate, as the compressed air does not have to travel through tortuous passages, but is admitted and exi hausted directly. It will also be seen that there is no waste fluid in the ports.

In order to connect the cylinderswith the tool-shank and rotate such tool-shank by the rotary movement of the cylinder-frame, the lower journal of the cylinder-frame is provided With a pinion l, meshing with intermediate gears t' and t', in turn meshing or engaging with the teeth of an internal annular gear I', arranged on the upper end of t-he toolshank. By this arrangement it will be seen that as the cylinder-frame rotates the proper rotation and speed are given to the tool-shank.

I claiml. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a cylinderframe provided with a plurality of fluid-pressure cylinders having a fixed relation to each other arranged to rotate around a common central point and with a valve-chamber open at both ends, arranged in line with each of the fluid-pressure cylinders, a reciprocating valve in each of the valve-chambers, and a fixed eccentric connected with each and all reciprocating valves, whereby as the cylinder-frame is rotated the Valves are given their proper mo tion, substantially as described.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a casing, a crank-shaft the body portion of which is fixed therein to prevent its rotation, an inlet-passage formed partly in the casing and axially through the body of the crank-shaft, a cylinder-frame rotatably mounted upon the crank-shaft and provided with a plurality of pressure-cylinders and a valve-chamber in line with each Huid-pressure cylinder and with an inlet-passage for each valve-chamber leading from the axial opening in the crank-shaft, a reciprocating valve in each of the valve-chambers, a fixed eccentric surrounding the crank-shaft, and means connecting the fixed eccentric fog 'with the reciprocating valves, whereby ,as the cylinder is rotated the valves are given a proper motion to permit the introduction and exhaust of fluid-pressure into and out of the fluid-pressure chambers, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a cylinder-frame provided with a plurality of duid-pressure cylinders having a fixed relation to each other arranged to rotate around a common central point, a valve-chamber open at both ends arranged in line with each of the fluid-pressure cylinders, a reciprocating valve in each of the valvechambers, a crank-shaft, the body portion of vWhich is securedin the casing against rotation and provided with a fluid-inlet passage extending axially through a portion of the same, a fixed eccentrick Varound the crankshaft away from contact with the live-Huid pressure, and eccentric-straps around the xed eccentric, each connected With a respecltive piston-valve, substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a casing, a crank-shaft fixed therein against rotation, an inlet fluid-pasy sage formed partly in the casing and axially in the crank-shaft, a cylinder-frame provided with a plurality of fluid-pressure cylinders having a fixed relation to each other rotatably mounted upon the fixed crank-shaft, a piston Within each Huid-pressure cylinder, a pitm an-rod for each piston connecting it with the fixed crank-shaft, a valve-chamber open at both ends arranged adjacent to and in line with cach fluid-pressure cylinder, a pistonvalve for each valve-chamber, a fixed' eccentric around the crank-shaft and Huid-inlet passage operatively connected with the piston-valves, a fluid-passage connecting each valve-chamber with its respective pressurea cylinder when the valve is in position to open the fluid-inlet passage and connecting with the open end of the valve-chamber when the valve is in position to close the Huid-inlet passage, substantially as described, v

HENRY J. KIMMAN.

Witnessesf F. S. GATON, THOMAS B. MGGREGOB.

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