US681372A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

No. 68l,372. Patented Aug. 27, l90l.

A. PETERSEN.

LOCK.

Application fled Jan. 5. 1901,)

(No Model.)

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No. 68l,372.

LOCK. I gApplication filed Janv 2. 1901.3

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT GEETCE.

AXEL PETERSEN, OF HELLERUP, DENMARK.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 681,372, dated August 27, 1901.

Application filed January 2, 1901. Serial No. 41,773. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL PETERSEN, commercial clerk, of Hellerup, near Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention refers to improvements in looks of the kind in which the lock is opened and closed by simply inserting into or withdrawing the key from the keyhole.

The invention is seen in two forms of execution on the accompanying drawings. Thus Figures 1 to 5 show a constructional form for a spring-latch, while Figs. 6 to 9 showa eon- 1structional form for a lock for safes or the ike.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the spring-latch with open lock-case. Figs. 3 to 5 represent details of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 6 shows a lock for a safe with open lock-case. Fig. 7 is a section on the line A B of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, a detail of Fig. 6 3 Fig. 9, a modification of the lock shown in Fig. 6.

Description of the spring-latch, (illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5.)a shows the case with one wall removed in order that the lock mechanism may be seen. 6 is a spindle with two necks arranged to turn in the bearings c and d. The spindleb is provided with a semicylindrical or in another Way suitably-shaped head 6, which when the spindle is turned may gear with and fill a notch f of a gudgeon' g, fixed to the door-frame or the like, Fig. 2, whereby the door or desk will be closed. When the spindle is turned about one hundred and eighty degrees back from the abovementioned position, an arm h, fixed turnably upon the front wall of the lock-case and ac tuated by a spring 2', is arranged to bear against a plane surface on the head 6, whereby the spindle b is prevented from turning in either direction. On the spindle b is further mounted a kind of gear-wheel In, Figs. 3 and 5, having projections and cuts corresponding to similar ones upon the key Z. When, therefore, the key, that has a zigzag cross-section, is pushed into the look through the keyhole m, the Wheel 70 will be turned in the direction indicated by the arrow q, Fig. 3. The Wheel 70 r is mounted loosely upon the spindle b, but is provided with two pinsn and 0, of which the former, n, by striking against the bearing d, limits the turning of the wheel in one direction, while the latter, 0, may strike against a lug s of a disk p, fixed rigidly upon the spindle b. A spiral spring 0" tries to turn the spindle b, so that the lug s, by pushing against the pin 0, turns the wheel is until the pin 72. strikes against the bearing d. The head e is thereby brought to gear with the notch f, and the lock is now closed, Fig. 2. A further turn of the spindle beyond this position, Fig. 2, is also hindered by a projection), in the bottom of the look-case, and which, like the pin 0, bears against the lug s.

The wheel is is now by means of the pinsn and o kept in such a position that the rack of the key Z may gear exactly with the projections and notches of the wheel kwhen the key is inserted in order to open the lock.

When the key 1 is insertedinto the keyhole m, the Wheel is is turned and the pin 0, by pushing against the lug s, carries along the spindle 1) until the head 6 is turned out of the notch f in the gudgeon g. The gudgeon being now set free is pressed out by the arm h, actuated by the spring 01, and the arm h assumes the position shown in Fig. 1, whereby the spindle is prevented from turning until the arm it has again been pushed back. The key may now be withdrawn from the keyhole m, as the wheel 70 is arranged to turn freely upon the spindle 6 until the pin it strikes against the bearing d. The circumstance that the wheel 70 is no longer held in a certain position is of no consequence, the lock being a spring-lock which is supposed to be closed simply by pushing the gudgeon g into the lock. hen this takes place, the gudgeon g pushes back the arm h and the moment in which the notch f is on a level with the head 6 the spindle b is set free and, actuated by the spring r,turns around until the head 6 fills the notch f. The turning of the spindle b is limited by the lug s striking against the projection t. As mentioned above, the wheel is is now held in the right position by the pins 11. andofor opening the lock byinserting the key.

In order to prevent the look from being picked by forcing into the keyhole a key having approximately the same projections and notches as the real'one, the bearing cl is arbolt 3 is then pushed fully out, actuated by ranged in such a manner that it may be somewhat shifted in the direction indicated by the arrow u, Fig. 3. The bearing d may, for instance, be fixed on a small slide w, arranged to move in a swallowtailed notch 12. By means of a spiral spring curled around a pin y, fixed on the bearing cl, the said pin being capable of sliding in a hole in a bracket 1 e on the lock-case, the bearing and the spindle b will under normal circumstances be held in the proper position as regards the;

wheel 7c; but when this wheel is actuated by a false key, which will necessarily produce a strong lateral pressure upon the said wheel,

will bear against the bracket 2.

into the keyhole by blows. done, the pin 0 will be broken off and the false key will enter the keyhole while the wheel is is turned. As, however, the wheel in is mounted loosely on the spindle I), this} one will not turn and the lock remains shut. When the false key is withdrawn, the bearj ing dis pushed back by the springm into the I f be further impeded and rendered, so to speak,

normal position shown on the drawings.

Description of the lock for safes or the like, 1

(illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9.)-This lock is of a similar construction as the one described above, but the bolt 3 is here provided with a rack 4, gearing into a wheel 5, mounted upon the same spindle as the wheel 70, which is actuated by the key l. The wheel 70 may in the same manner for the same purpose as above have two pins n and 0 when the lock is to be arranged as a spring-latch. If, however, this be not the case, the wheel 70, the disk 19, and the wheel 5 may be made in one piece mounted turnably upon a pin 6, fixed in the lockcase a. Between the pin 6 and the keyhole is arranged another pin 7, upon which a wheel 8 of the same shape as the wheel 7a and with which the key l may gear is turnably mounted. This wheel 8 is connected with a disk 9, that turns together with the wheel 8 and is provided with a projecting sector 10, which when the bolt 3 is pushed out and the lock consequently shut ,catches into a circular notch 11 in the wheel 5. This wheel can consequently not move before the sector is turned out of the notch 11. A spiral spring 12 tends to bring the disk 9 and wheel 8 to the normal position, and a pin 13 upon the right position.

Through this movement one I of the lugs 1 upon the disk 29 will passin be- Z low a bracket 2 upon the upper wall of the 5 lock-case, which bracket is of such a size and j shape that the said lug 1, if the disk be turned, 1 The spindle will then be prevented from turning around i any farther even if the false key be forced If this should be the spring 15, and the wheel 5, whose position is regulated by that of the bolt 3, assumes such a position that the sector 10 gears into the notch 11 under influence of the spring 12, while the pin 13 maintains the disk 9 in the Both wheels '8 and 7c assume such positions that the key may be introduced into the look. When this takes place, the wheel 8, and with it the disk 9, is first turned, the spring 12 being thereby tightened. When the point of the keyl reaches the wheel 7c, the sector 10 has been turned out of gear with the notch 11, and the Wheel 5, together with the Wheel 7c, may consequently now be freely turned, the bolt being simultaneously pulled in and the safe opened. By this arrangement it is rendered impossible that the bolt 3 be pulled in without using a key, and a forcing of the lock by simply actuating the bolt cannot be done, as the wheel 5, which must necessarily be turned when the bolt is moved, is held fast by the sector 10. An attempt to pick the look by turning the wheels 8 and by means of thin pins passed through the keyhole is also rendered very difiicult by the circumstance that not only one but two wheels have to be turned. Thus the wheel 8 after being eventually brought in correct position would immediately turn back again, actuated by the spring 12, if it were released by the burglar in order to begin to turn the wheel 70. This last-mentioned attempt may impossible if the key l be made with notches in both edges and two similarly-furnished pairs of wheels 8 9 and, further, two pairs also similarly-furnished wheels 70 5 be fixed just opposite each other on both sides of the keyhole. The burglar must then by means of pins from the outside through the same keyhole turn three wheels or, if the lock has two bolts, each actuated by one of the wheels 5, four wheels before the lock is open. By the form of construction for a look as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the spindle may also be made to slide sidewise, as described above for the spring-latch, in order to prevent the look from being opened by an inadequately adjusted key.

If the toothed wheel 5 be given the shape shown in Fig. 8-i. e. there be no teeth at all on one part 16 of the wheel 5-this wheel will be out of gear with the rack 4 when the bolt 3 is pushed out. The boltistherefore in that case only held in the pushed-out position by the spring 15, and when the outer end of the bolt be cut obliquely in a suitable manner the lock shown in Fig. 6 may, if supplied with this arrangement, be used as a spring-lock.

In Fig. 9 is shown a modification of the do vice illustrated in Fig. 8. The wheel k is here provided with an arm 17, which when the wheel 70 by means of the key is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow will strike against a projection 18 on the bolt 3 in such 1 the key is withdrawn and the wheel 70 in consequence thereof turned the other way, the bolt 3 will be pushed out by the action of the spring 15. This arrangement is specially suitable for spring-locks.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, I declare that What I claim is 1. In combination in a lock, the lock-case, a spindle b journaled therein, havinga locking-head thereon, a wheel loose on the spindle having teeth to be engaged by a correspondingly-formed key, said wheel having two pins 71 and 0, a bracket fixed to the lockcase to engage the pin it, a lug s fixed to the spindle b and upon which the said pin 0 bears, a spring for turning the spindle in one direction, a movable spring-pressed arm h held by the lock-casing and arranged to obstruct the motion of the head 6 when the lock is open, and the gudgeon g havinganotch f to receive the head c, said spring-pressed arm h being in the path of the gudgeon to be moved aside thereby, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a lock, a spindle, means for turning the said spindle through the action of a key and means for holding the said spindle so that the same may yield upon the insertion of an improperly-formed key, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a lock-casing, a spindle, a locking-head connected therewith, a wheel on said spindle having teeth to receive a key and a yielding bearing for the said spindle, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the lock-case, a spindle therein, a locking-head actuated by the spindle, a yielding bearing for the spindle, a bracket 2 on the lock-case, a lug on the spindle to be moved adjacent to the said bracket when the spindle is displaced and means on the spindle by which it maybe turned by the key, substantially as described.

5. In combination in a lock with the lockcasing, a locking bolt or head, a spindle, a wheel loose thereon arranged to be turned by a key, said wheel having the pinsn and 0, an arm on the spindle to be engaged by one of said pins and a part on the casing to contact with the-other pin, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

V AXEL PETERSEN.

Witnesses:

P. HOFMAN-BANG, ERNEST BOUTARD.

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