US681259A - Draft-regulating apparatus for furnaces of stationary boilers. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 27, |90I.

i C. POLIG &, J. ZIMMERMANN. DRAFT BEGULATING APPARATUS FUR FURNACES 0F STATIUNABY BGILEBS.

(Aiaylinatinn led June 4, 1900.)

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(No lModel.)

g i UNiTi-:DN STATES" PATENT @ii-rient CHARLES POLIG AND'JOHANN ZIMMERMANN, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUN- GARY, ASSIGNORS TO ACTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR VERWERTHUNG DER OSTERR. UND UNGAR. PATENTE TH. LANGER, OF SAME PLACE.

DRAFT-REGULATING APPARATUS FOR `FURNACESOF STATIONARY `BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 681,259, dated August 27, 1901.

` Application had rune-i, 1900.

` in the Province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented oerp tain new and useful Improvements in Draft- Regulating Apparatus for the Furnaces of Stationary Boilers; and we do hereby declare the4 following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which itapperf; i l tains to make and use the same, reference bet l `ing had to the accompanying drawings, and .i I5

to letters and Iigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. This invention relates to apparatus adapt- ;ed to regulate automatically the draft in the i thethickness of the layer of fuel on the Iirebars `by operating the damper and the fire- `door iap or air valve in a suitable manner,

smokeless ring. i

The mode of `operation of the apparatus according to this invention is as follows: When the fire-door is closed, (after stoking,) the f damper and the tire-door air-flap are opened. The damper immediately begins to close, at first slowly,`but later with greater velocity,and

` before it reaches its `lowest position the airt iiap on the tiredoor is also automatically p closed. These parts are operatedby steampressure, and the work to be done by the refinan :is therefore reduced to a minimum. Such apparatus comprises astealn-cylinder (hereinafter called the working cylinder) whose piston is connected to a pulley that operates the damper, to the piston of a i brake-cylinder,and to a piston-valve that controls the movement otvan air-flap, and a disftributer whichl is vactuated by the re-door l and :is operated by steam-pressure and which whenthe fire-door is closed allows steam to i `flow under the piston of the before-mentioned vworking cylinder to enable the latter to open thedamper and also the air-flap by means of a `piston valve and `an auxiliary cylinder `furnaces of stationary boilers according to` so as to fulfil the necessary conditions for` l N251 Serial No. 19,016. (No model.)

whose piston is operated thereby. When the piston of the working cylinder reaches its highest position, it effects the reversing movement of the distributer, which places the lower end of the said working cylinder into communication with the exhaust, so that the piston can descend, and thereby gradually closes the damper. ment of the piston and the damper is retarded by the piston of a brake-cylinder. Before the piston of the working cylinder reaches its lowest position the steam-supply to the auxiliary cylinder, that holds the air-Hap open, is shut off, thereby causing the air-flap to closequickly under the influence of its own weight and of a spring. The minimum opening of the damper can be adjusted according to the rate of working.

Apparatus according to this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, :in which- Figure l is a front elevation, partlyin section, of such a draft-regulator with the firedoor. Fig. 2 shows in horizontal section the apparatus that transmits the movement of the piston of the working cylinder to the damper and enables the adjustment of the minimum opening of the damper to be effected.

bolt h and carries a disk d, that is provided with a cam portion c for raising thepiston e of the steam-distributer f when the tire-door is opened.

tire-door a on trunnions, one of which carries a short arm 7L, connected to the piston la of an auxiliary cylinder Z by means ot' a chainj running over a pulley The auxiliary cylinder Z contains a spring fm, continually pressing the piston 7c toward the right, and communicates through a pipe n with the .steaminlet and through a pipe o with the exhaust.

The steam-distributer f com prises a cylinder ton e. The space above thediiterential piston p communicates through a pipe q with the middle portion of the working cylinder 1" and through passages s with the space below `the piston e and the space between the two The downward movea is a fire-door which swings on ahinge-v g is an air-Hap mounted to swing on theV containing a differential piston p and the pisparts of the dierential piston p. The distributer-cylinder, which is formed with a passage t, communicating with the exhaust-pipe, is in communication through a pipe u with the lower end of the cylinder fu and through this cylinder with the steam-inlet w. The distributer cylinder also communicates through two passages y at diderent levels with the pipe e, leading to the lower end of the working cylinder r, which contains a piston 1, connected to a pulley 4: by means of a rod 2 and achain 3, the pulleyabeing coupled to a pulley 5, around which there passes a chain 6, leading to the damper. The movement of the piston 1 is transmitted through the rod 2 and double-arm lever 7 to the piston 8 of a brake-cylinder 9, which is filled with liquid,such as oil or glycerin. The piston 8 is formed with a valve 10, which opens on the downstroke of the piston and permits the liquid to pass from the space below the said piston tothe space thereabove, these two chambers being in communication with each other by a passage 11, which communicates with the middle portion of the cylinder by a passage 14. A cock 12, with a wide aperture 13, is located in the passage 11 above the passage 14, and below the passage 14 there is arranged a cock12' with a narrow aperture 15. Both cocks are formed like screws with fine threads, so as to enable the areas of the apertures to be exactly regulated. The end of a one-arm lever 16 engages with the rod of the piston 8 for the purpose of moving apiston 20 (which is located in the cylinder o and is provided with axial passages 19) against the action of a spring 21 by means of an adjustable cam 18, mountedV on an axle 17.

The action of the apparatus is the following: When the fire-door ais opened, the projection c on the disk d raises the piston e, which closes the passage y and raises the differential piston p until steam can flow through the passage u below the differential piston p and force the said piston upwardly, so as completely to open the passage u and close the passage When the re-door is open, the damper remains in its lowest position,as steam is prevented from dowing under the piston 1, since the piston @covers the passage y. Now when the fire-door d is closed after stoking the piston e is lowered by the steam-pressure acting upon it and uncovers the passage fy, through which the steam can then flow into the pipe z to the lower end of the working cylinder r, so as to raise the piston 1 and cause the damper to open, the piston 8 of the liquid-brake to descend and the eccentric 18 to force down the piston 20 in the cylinder 12, so that the steam can flow from the pipe w through the passage 19 in the piston 2O and the pipe n into the auxiliary cylinderl, so as to move the piston 7c to the left and open the air-flap g, which remains open as long as the piston lo is under steam-pressure. When the piston 1 uncovers the passage q,(t'. e., after the damper has been raised,)

the steam flows through the pipe q into the distributer f and again forces down the differential piston p into the position shown, thus closing the passage u and opening the passage w, and thereby enabling the steam under the piston 1 to pass out through the pipe z, the passage, and the pipe t. The piston 1 would then descend quickly, and with it the damper, if this were not prevented by the piston 8, which is contained in the brakecylinder 9 and cannot move upwardly faster than is permitted by the liquid flowing through the passage 11 and the narrow aperture 15. The upward movement of the piston 8 is therefore at first very slow, and the speed increases only after the lower edge of the piston 8 has uncovered the passage 14:, which renders a larger area available for the overflow of the liquid, so that the damper can close slowly at irst and afterward` more quickly. Before the piston 1 and the damper have reached their lowest positions the piston 20, pressed upwardly by the spring 21, closes the passagen and shuts off the steamy pressure in the auxiliary cylinder Z, whose piston 7c is then forced to the right by the spring m, so that the air-flap g can close by its own weight. The damper must never close the ue completely, as otherwise the products of combustion would escape through the lire-door into the Stoke-hole. Now it is necessary to alter the minimum opening of the damper during the several periods of working, and to effect this the pulley 6, to which the chain 6, leading to the damper, is secured, is loosely mounted on the pin 22, while the pulley 4 and the disk 23 are keyed to the said pin. The pulley 5 has an annular series of holes 24 and can be coupled to the disk 23 by means of a pin 25. If, for example,the minimum opening of the damper requires to be increased, (which is necessaryl in forced workng,) the pin 25 is withdrawn from the disk 23 and the pulley 6 when the piston 1 is in its lowest position, and the pulley is turned by means of its handle 26, so that the damper is raised, whereupon the disk 23 and the pulley 5 are again coupled together by means of the pin 25. The time required for the descent of the damper can be exactly regulated by means of 'the regulating-screws that constrict the area of the overIiow-passages 11 and 13 of the brake-cylinder 9. The time during which the steam.- supply to the pipe n is interrupted, whereby the closing of the air-[lap g is effected, can be altered at will by suitably adjusting the eccentric 18 on the shaft 17. The eccentric 18 can even be so adjusted that the air-flap does not open at all.

We clai1n- 1. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer set in operation by the furnace-door, a steamcylinder steam-connected to the distributer, a piston in said cylinder arranged to operate a damper, means for braking the steam-piston after steam-supply thereto has been cut IIO o, said distributor arranged to cut off the steam-supply tothe steam-cylinder when its stantially as set forth.

2. In a draft-regulator, a steamdistributer set in operation by the furnace-door, a steamcylinder steam-connected to said distributer y at one end, a second steam connection from the steam-cylinder to the distribu ter arranged to be opened when the steam-piston has accomplished part of its travel, a brake-cylinder,its piston, a/pivoted lever connected at one end to the steam-piston and at the other p y to the brake-piston,and a damper operated by i the steam-piston, substantially as set forth.

3. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer l l" and` differential piston-valve operatively lo- "cated therein to cut off the steam-supply, means operated from the furnace to displace steam .i connection between one end thereof and the steam-distributer at a point below the differential valve, and a steam connection between said cylinder intermediate its above the differential valve and a damper l piston-valve thereincomprising two conthe differential valve, a steam-cylinder, a

ends and the steam-distributer at a point operated by the steam-piston, substantially las set forth.V

` 4. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer comprising a suitable casinga differential znected pistons of different sizes, one of them controlling a steam-inlet port, a pistonin said casing arranged to displace the differential fvalve, a steam by-pass connecting both ends of the casingand abranch passage connectl i Iing the by-pass with the interior ofthe casl -ying intermediate the pistons of the differential valve and arranged to be closed by one 4e `I i der and its 'piston steam-supplied through the of them; in combination with a steam-cylin- R distributer, and a steam connection from said y `steam-cylinder to the differential valve, suby stantially as set forth. 45

5. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer i. .l comprising a suitable casing, a differential piston -valve therein comprising two conw nected pistons lof different sizes, one of them controlling a steam-inlet port, a piston arl ranged to start the opening ofthe diiferential f1 valve, a steam by-pass connecting the top and `bottom of said casing, a steam-chamber, passages connecting it with `the interiorof the k casing above and below one of the pistons of the differential valve, an exhaust, said eX- `haust and `one of the passagesbetween the i Isteam-chamber and interior of the casing "capable of being closed by the differential tially as set forth.

y 6. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer,

l "l valve, and steam inlets and outlets7 substan- 6o l a steam-cylinder supplied therefrom, and provided with a steam-outlet intermediate its ends, a piston and rod, a damper operatively connected to one end of said rod and a brakey cylinder, its.` piston and rod, a pivoted lever connecting the rods of the brake and steam pistons, a steam-cut-off valve, a tappet to operate said valve actuated by the brake piston-rod, substantially as set forth.

7. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer, a steam-piston contained within a steam-circuit from and to the distributer, a piston and rod in the cylinder operatively connected to a damper, a brake-cylinder adapted to contain a liquid, a piston provided with a valve normally closed when braking, its piston-rod, the steam and brake piston-rods opera-tively connected, a by-pass connecting the ends of the brake-cylinder, said by-pass having constricted passages near its ends one smaller than the other, and a passage intermediate the constricted portions to communicate with the interior of the brake-cylinder arranged to be closed by the brake-piston when near the limit of its braking stroke, substantially as set forth.

8. In a draft-regulator, a steam-distributer, a steam-piston contained within a steam-,circuit from and to the distributer, a piston and its rod in the cylinder operatively connected to a damper, a brake-cylinder adapted to contain a liquid, a piston provided with a valve normally closed when braking, its piston-rod,

a pivoted leverA connecting the ends of the steam and brake piston-rods, ahy-pass connecting the ends of the brake-cylinder, means near the ends of the by-pass for constricting and regulating the degree of constricture in said by-pass, the free passage being smaller nearthe end of the braking stroke, a port intermediate the constricted portions of the bypass communicating with the interior of the cylinder arranged to be closed by the braking piston when near the limit of its braking stroke, substantially as set forth.

9. In a draft-regulator, the combination with a furnace-door flap,an actuating device comprising a steam-cylinder, a spring-re tracted piston therein and its piston-rod operatively connected to actuate the furnacedoor flap; of a spring-retained steam-cut-off valve, a steam-distributer connected theiieto and steam-actuated devices supplied from the distributer for actuating the steam-cutoff valve, substantially as set forth.

lO. In a draft-regulator, the combination with a furnace-door, a iiap mounted on trun# nions thereon, a steam-cylinder, a spring-retracted piston and rod therein, said rod op'- eratively connected to the flap; of a springretained steam-cut-off valve, a steam-distributer, a steam-actuated piston arranged to actuate a damper, a braking-piston con-v nected to the steam-actuated piston, a cam, its actuating-lever operated by the brakingpiston to operate the steam-cut-off valve, substantially as set forth.

1l. In a draft-regulator, the combination with a steam-cylinder, its piston and rod and means for supplying steam to said cylinder, a pulley, a flexible connection between the `pulley and rod, a pulley provided with a handle connected to a damper, a spindle fixed IOO IIO

thereto, the irst-mentioned pulley loose on said spindle and means for adj usting and connecting the loose pulley to the one voperating the dam-per, thereby adjusting the degree of closure of the latter, substantially as set forth.

12'. In a draft-regulator, the combination with afurnace-door and a rod, a cam carried thereby; of a steam-distributer comprising a suitable casing, a differential valve therein 1 `our inventionwe have signed our names in consisting of two connected pistons of different sizes, a piston and its rod below the differential valve arranged to be cammed' by the cam on the furnace-door to start the dif- I ferential valve, a steam by-pass connecting chamber and two ports connecting it with the Valve-chamber, an exhaust-portintermediate the pistons of said valve, one of thepistons of the Valve arranged to control the exhaustport, one of the port-s to the Asteam-chamber and the one to the by-pass, and a steam piston and cylinder to actuate a damper operatively included in a steam-circuit from and to the distributer, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GU'sTAV PHILIPPITICH, ALVEsTo S; HOGUE.-

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