US678451A - Dust-collector. - Google Patents

Description

W. E. ALLIN'GTON. DUST COLLECTOR.

(Application file d Jam 18, 1897.)

Patented .lu|y.l6, ISUI.

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No. 678,451; Patented July "5, I90i. W. E. ALLlNGTON.

DUST COLLECTOR.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1897.) I

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. (Nu Model.)

No. 678,45l. Patented July l6, mm. W. E. ALLINGTON.

DUST COLLECTOR.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1897.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES FFICE.

ATENT WILLIAM E. ALLINGTON, OF EAST SAGINAIV, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE ALLINGTON & CURTIS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

DUST-COLLECTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Zatent NO. 678,451, dated. July 16, 1901. Application filed January 18,1897. Serial No. 619,557. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM E. ALLING- TON, of East Saginaw, Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust-Collectors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of dust- I collectors in which a rotary or gyrating motion is imparted to the dust-laden air-current and in which the vertical action results in the massing of the dust particles in a thin layer on the inner surface of the walls of the separating-case, thence being delivered through a suitable dischargeopeni ng into a re- I5 ceptacle prepared therefor, while the air from which the dust particles have been separated escapes into the atmosphere. The dust-collectors of this class have usually been constructed with tangential inlet openings orv 2o pipes attached at the periphery of the separating-case,through which the dustladen air-cu rrent is propelled by an exhaust-fan. 'It sometimes occurs that the velocityof the air-current developed from the fan is very great, and the dust particles carried on said current are line and difficult to separate from the air when compressed to a considerable extent above atmospheric pressure. WVhen these high-velocity currents are delivered through a tan- 3o gential inlet at the periphery of a dust-collecting chamber of the class above referred to, a very rapid rotary motion isset up within the case, which develops a very strong centrifugal force, which not only unduly compresses the layer of air adjacent to the inner surface of the walls of the separating-case, but which acts so strongly upon the suspended dust particles thatit is difficult, if not impracticable,to deliver them diagonally against this force to the dust-discharge opening located near the axis of rotation.

To overcome the difficulty above outlined of the conical part broken off. Fig. 3 shows a top plan view, with the internal portion of the outlet-pipe and circular depending apron which deflects the incoming current in a circular direction shown in dotted lines. Fig. 4 shows a modification of the inlet-pipe and apron arrangement shown in Fig. 2, and Fig.

5 shows a top plan View of the same.

In the drawings I have shown a machine constructed. with a lower conical portion A, with a small opening 13 at the apex for the discharge of the collected dust. At the base or upper portion of this cone is attached a cylindrical portion A. The upper end of this cylindrical portion of the device, with the exception of a central circular opening 0, is closed by a solid head or cover D. Inserted in the circular opening C and extending for a considerable distance within the cylindrical shell A is a pipe 0. About midway of the length of this pipe 0, which is usually called the tubular guard, and surrounding the said tubular guard is secured the cone E, which flares downward, so that the periphery of the base is in close proximity to the walls of the cylindrical portion of the machine, leaving an annular space, through which the delivery of'the air and dust particles to the separating-chamber below takes place, which annular space is narrow or wide,accord- 8o ing to the requirements of the peculiar class of material to be handled. Surrounding the upper portion of the tubular guard O, which part extends above the cone E, is a circular depending apron F, which is secured at its upper edge to the head D of the cylinder, and the lower edge of which is some distance above the surface of the cone E. A suitable inlet-pipe G for the dust-laden air is extended through the peripheral wall of the dust-col- 9o lector near the head and connected to the interior space inclosed by the depending apron F in the manner shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. The dimensions of this inlet-pipe,

as well as that of the space contained within 5 the depending apron F, are regulated with reference to the material and air-currents to be controlled. The greater the reduction in the velocity required the greater must be the diameter of the depending apron as well as of the cylindrical portion of the dust-separator.

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the depending apron F and inlet G are superposed with reference to the head D, covering the top of the machine, and instead of being exactly circular, as the apron F, Figs. 1 and 2, the inlet F is spiral, the outer circular wall graduallyapproaching the tubular guard or outlet-opening of the dust-collector as it passes around the same. This construction gives a rather stronger downward trend to the ingoing air-currents, which, it is obvious, may be modified by changes in the proportions. The opening through the head D of the dust-collector in this construction is the same size and shape as the spiral inlet-spout F, the lower edge of which is secured in the opening. The solid bottom of the inlet-pipe G is extended in both constructions to the position shown by the dotted lines G. In operation the d ust-laden air-current is propelled by means of an exhaust-fan or blower through the discharge-pipe into the inlet-spout G, which is preferably rectangular where it enters the wall of the dust-separator, as shown in the drawings.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the ingoing current impinges against the inner surface of the depending apron F and is deflected by the curved walls of this apron into a circular direction. The rotary motion of the air-currents set up by this depending apron is very rapid, but being as near the axis of the dust-collector as is possible in view of the central outlet 0 for the purified air and having to pass from the axis toward the periphery of the dust-collecting chamber, where the area is constantly increasing. By reason of the slip of the air particles upon themselves in communicating their motion to the layer of air adjacent to the peripheral wall of the machine the velocity of the currents adjacent to said wall is very much reduced, and the pressure due to centrifugal force is therefore also very much reduced,-

and the dust particles, which are massed by the centrifugal force on the inner Wall of the separating-case, travel around said case and in a spiral direction with a downward trend to the dust-outlet B in the axis of the machine, exactly as they do'in machines of this class having a plain tangential inlet, except that the velocity of the spiral currents is very much reduced. The office of the downwardflaring cone E is to prevent the incoming dust-laden air-current from traveling directly down into the main separating-chamber. The upper surface is made with a sharp pitch, so that the dust particles will not readily find lodgment on this surface, and its base is made nearly as large in diameter as the separating-case itself to compel the entire volume of revolving dust-laden air to pass very closely to the peripheral wall of the separating-case before entering the same, this point being also at the greatest distance from the central purified-air outlet through the tubular guard G. The purified-air currents pass in spiral lines from the peripheral wall of the separating-case toward its axis, and as they pass into the zone immediately below the central outlet 0 and tubular guard 0 they escape through this tubular guard the same as from other dust-collectors of this class.

The operation of the collector illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 is the same as that shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except that the spiral arrangement of the peripheral wall on the inlet F tends to give the ingoing current a stronger trend downward, which tends to further reduce the velocity of the revolutions of the aircurrents adjacent to the outer walls of the dust-collector.

I claim-- In a dust-collector, the combination with a separating-chamber of diminishing diameter toward its lower end and having a dust-exit at said lower end, of a tubular guard extending centrally through the upper end of said chamber and constituting the purified -air exit, a receiving-chamber arranged adjacent to and surrounding the upper end of said tubular guard, said receiving-chamber being located at the point of maximum diameter of, and being of much smaller diameter and capacitythan, the separating-chamber, and having an unobstructed interior and being open at its bottom, a tangential inlet-spout for delivering the dust-laden air-current into said receiving-chamber, and a cone secured to and surrounding the lower end of said tubular guard below the open bottom of said receiving-chamber, and having its periphery extending closely adjacent the wall of the separating-chamber so as to leave a narrow annular passage therebetween, whereby the dustladen air-current is uniformly and directly delivered in an unobstructed flow from said receiving-chamber through the central portion of the enlarged upper part of the separating-chamber to the cone, and is deflected by said cone toward the periphery of the easing, substantially as described.

WVILLIAM E. ALLINGTON.

\Vi tnesses:

L. F. MCCREA, A. J. PRATT.

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