US671811A - Ammonia-still. - Google Patents

Description

No. 67|,8I|-.r Patented Apr. 9, |90I. S. THUHSTENSENn AMMUNIA STILL. (Application led Aug. 2, 1900.

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q Unten STATES PATENT OtticaC SOREN THURSTENSEN, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY VOGT MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

AMMONIA-STILL..

SEEGI'JFIGATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 671,81 1, dated April 9, 1901.

Original application tiled February 19 1900l Serial No. `5,827. Divided and this application ledAugust 2, 1900. Serial No. 25,610. (No model.) t

To all whom it ntfzy concern/r Be it known that I, SOREN THURsTENsEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Louis ville, in the countyot` Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ammonia-Stills, of which the following is aspeciiication, the same being a division ot'v my application, Serial No. 5,827, tiled February 19, 1900. Io This invention relates to what are known or termed absorbing ice-machines, in which the operation is carried on in three principal stages, comprising the generation of gas by heat, the liquefaction of the gas by the withdrawal, of heat, and the expansion ot' the liquid to a gaseous state absorbing`heat from the surrounding objects and the `reabsorption of' the gas by the weak liquid,such machines employing usually in the operation aqna-am zo inonia as the refrigerating agent. The production of the gas in this class of icemachines is had by pumpingthe ammonia or refrigerating agentinto a generator or still and there subjecting't to heat until theatnmonia is driven off in the form of gas under varying pressure of pounds per square inch, according to the temperature of the coolingwater in the condenser.`

The inventiontrelates` particularly to the construction and operation of the generator or still for ice-inachinestand the connection and operat ion thereof with the analyzer from which the liquid ammonia or refrigerating agent is discharged into the generator or still and through which the ammonia-gas as it is generated passes for application and use.

The objects of the invention are to improve the construction ot' the generator or still so as to produce a better result and a more per- 40' fect circulation for the action of the heat- `transmitting pipe on the aqua or liquid ammonia, thereby insuring an increased production and a better quality ot' gas; to furnish a longer travel and consequent cont-act of the ammonia liquid over the gas-generating pipes in the generator or still; to dispense as far as practicable with all joints in the construction of the generator or` still; to dispense with coils having joints inside of the generator or still by employing straight-line pipes extend- 4having its body and ends in one piece.

ing through the generator or still and having the joints on the outside with the pipes sub- Imerged in the ammonia liquid within the t body ot' the generator orstill for the passage of steam to produce heat and generate the gas, 5 5 and to improvel the construction, arrangement, and operation of the generator or still generally and its coacting relationandkoperation with the analyzer.

The invention consists in the features of 6o construction and the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings illustrating my invention, Figure l is a side elevation of the generator or still with the analyzer mounted thereon; Fig. 2, an elevation of one'end of the generator or still; Fig. 3, an elevation of the opposite end of the generator or still to that shown l in Figf, with the steam-pipes in section; 7o

Fig. 4, a central horizontal section ot` thegen'- erator 0r still; Fig. 5, a central Avertical section of one end of the generator or still,vvith the steam-heating pipesin elevation and with the analyzer in section and broken in two; Fig. 6, a cross-section ot the generator or` still, taken at the receiving end for the ammonia liquid;u Fig. 7, a cross-section ot' the generator or still, taken at the opposite end to Fig.

6; Fig. S, a plan view of one of the large pans 8o employed in the analyzer; Fig. 9, a plan view of one of the smallpans employed in the analyzer; Fig.` 10, a sectional elevation ofthe lower large pan of the analyzer, showing the manner of connecting the pan with the upper end or hopper portion ot' the discharge-pipe for the liquid to pass from the pan into the supply--pipe and enter the generator; and Fig. 1l a` sectional elevation of a modified form of small pan having the peripheral rim `9o removed.

In carrying out my invention I construct a generator or still in the form ot` a cylinder The generator or still, as shown, is supported upon -feet or standards A', for which purpose the cylinder of the generator or still Ais provided on each side, at the ends, with ears or iianges a, Fig. 1, which coact with ears or tianges a on the feet or standards, so that by the use of loo 40y TWall or division plate B to that havingv the 2 v f v 671,811

erator or still cylinder, at one end thereof, has

a series of rests or supports A2, A3, and A4 on which to mount the exchanger, rectifier, and

analyzer, none of which are shown except the analyzer, as they form no part of the present invention, being embodied in my said application Serial No. 5,827. The body ofthe generator or still cylinder in the construction shown has therein an arm'holeor opening a2, closed by a plate or cover 0,3, Fig. 5, for admissionfto vthe interiorV of the vgenerator or still for cleaning or-other purposes.

The interior of the generator or still is dii vided by a central longitudinal vertical wall orlpartition 1B into two chambers or compartments DaudE, Fig. 7'. The wall or partition is'not the full depth of the interior of thegenerator or still, but extends from theV bottom upward, leaving an open space between the top `of the wall or partition and the top of the interior of the generator or still, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 'and 7.1' The receivingend of the.

generator or still basa funnel or hoppervC,

Fig. 5, intowhich the ammonia liquid isdelivered fromthe analyzer. The fu nnel or hopperhas avdischrflilg@y tube or spout C', Whichl isenteredpin'to a dovetail .slot b in the wall or partition; 'so as to hold the'funnel or hopper-ina,tixedrelationv to the analyzer. p The Alower e'nd of the discharge tube or spout C' vha'sin its outer .wallan yopening or-mouth o,

whichleads directly into onejch'amlferfor rco'inpartinentrD of vthe generator `or.still, ink which compartment is located lseries of` stieampipesF, extending inv a straightv line 7through the .chamber or com partnieutffrom 'endtcndthereof; Theopposite end of the funnel anddischarge-spout attached thereto is enlarged sopas to form a casing orlwall B',

having-a verticalgpassage 1)'terminating at its upper end Witha mouth oropening b2 in comm unicationfwith the chamber or compartment -D,`aud at the lower end of the 'Vertical passage on the opposite sideto the mouth or opening?)2 in the wall or shell B', is a mouth oropeningbleading directly into the other chamber or compartment E of thegene'rator` or still, in w-hich'chamb'er or compartment. is

located a seriesof steam-pipes G, extending instraight lines through the ch'amberyfrom end to end thereof. The am monia discharged into the funnel or hopper is dischargedl through the tube or'spoutG and the month or opening c into-the chamber or compartmentD and rises in such chamber or coinpartment until it flows into the mouth orv Y opening b2 and through the passageb, pass;

ing out through the mouth oropening binto the -chamber or compartment E. It Will thus be seen that the ammonia liquid enters the compartment D at one endand l'lows and rises in such compartment to the opposite end for discharge into the chamber or com- 'for eachv pipe.

vpartment `E at the opposite end toits point of tor or still cylinder, thus forming a tight joint around each steam-pipe against the escape of am inonia or ammonia-gas. As shown, each stuing-boX e is A carried `by a plaie f, through which bolts g pass for attaching the stufling-box in place on the end of the generator or still cylinder, so as to insure the proper packing of the `stuftng around the pipe.

The steam-pipes F 'all open into a steaminduction chamber H, to Whichsteam is suppliedl by a pipe H, and from which chamber the steam passes into the pipes F, through ports or openings h, as shown invFig. 4, one The steam fiows through tho set of'pipes F into areturn steam-chamber l through ports or openings z', and from the `chamber vI the 4steam enters` the pipes G -ehamberJ through portsorfopeningsj, one

port for each pipe,asshowu .in Fig. Al, and fromtheeductionchamberthe exhauststeam passes outthrough an ednc'tionfpipe J' to the point of discharge. I 7' l` The steam-pipesl traverselthe entire length- .of their respective cha lubersor compartments D and vllQandfthe aqua-ainulonia or-lammonia liquid as it enters the chamber D and rises therein comes in conta'ctywith thehotffpipes F ofthat chamber,'causingainmoniavgas to .be thrown off, and iromthe' 'chamber or com part- .ment'D the liquid-after being `vsubjected to vthe heat of the pipes ofthatchamber or compartment,` flows into thepasS' igG -.b'Fig. 4, froinithe mouth oropening 'Maud 4out from the passage vthrough `thegmouth oropening b3 IOO IIO

and enters the chamberor com partmentE at the bottom and rises lls'ucb Chamber or eompartlnent, subject .to the actionof thehe'at of the .pipes G, causing.ammonia-l'gas to be thrown oifromtheaction of theheat. It will be seen that the aqua-ammonia liquid Atravels thefull length of both chambers or compartments, aswell asrisingin'each, and in this'way is subjectedftothe .action of a large heating-surface, furnished bythe series of steam -pipes in the V two-sections or compartments, :by ,which aniincrease in the amountv of gas produced is secured and the liquidis more efciently. and thoroughlyevaporated. The induction of-steam into the pipes F is at the opposite end tothe induction of the rich liquid into the chamber D,and the IZO l l l 1 l l1 i induction of steam from the chamber l into analyzer K, and the generated ammonia-gas passes from the generator or still up through the analyzer. The analyzer Kis in the form of a cylinder having a cap or cover la and having a base or rim at its lower end for mounting the analyzer on the rest or support A2 for the interior of the analyzer to bein free communication with the interior of the generator or still through an opening K', into which the funnel or hopper C projects, as shown in Fig. 5. The cap or cover lo has entered thereinto a delivery pipe or tube L, having a controlling-valve L in communication with a supply-pipe L2 for the aqua-ammonia or ammonia liquid, and, as shown, between the valve L' and the supply-pipe L2 is a check-valve Z to admit or stop the supply of liquid to the analyzer.

The tube or cylinder of the analyzer K has located in its interior a series of pans M and MQ of which M is of a less diameter than M, and the pans or receptacles M are provided with a central'hole or opening m, so that the liquid deposited in the initial pan or receptacle overflows its top and enters the adjoining larger pan to pass therefrom through the hole or opening min the bottom of such paninto` the adjoining smaller pan to overflow the top `of that pan or receptacle into the next ad-` joining pau or receptacle, and so on until the bottom pan or receptacle is reached, from the opening m in the bottom of which pan or receptacle the liquid discharges into the funnel or hopper C to enter the generator or still, as lalready described. Each pan, as shown, has three outwardly-projecting lugs or prongs fm',

which contact with the wall of' the cylinderi or tube of the analyzer and hold the pan central in place. The space above the initial or first analyzer pan or receptacle proper is provided wth two large pans or receptacles M2 in the arrangement shown for receiving the drip and causing it to flow into the first acting pan or receptacle. The acting pans or receptaclesproper are united one to the other and held in position by a tie-rod rm2, and, as shown, the bottom' pan or receptacle is supported on the top of the funnel or hopper, so`

as to insure the discharge of the ammonia liquid from the pan into the funnel or hopper.

The generated ammonia gas passes up through the opening in the generator or still cylinder, aronnd the funnel or hopper C, and enters the analyzer K and passes up therein through the openings or passages around the several pans or receptacles for iin-al discharge from the top of the analyzer at the out-let n,

`(shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5,) and the aqua-ammonia or ammonia liquid descends in the analyzer from pan to pan, so that the u pwardly-ascend ing gas and the downwardlydescending liquid come in contact,rthereby removing a large proportion of the moisture of the gas.

The operation of the'generator or still will be understood from the foregoing description, but is, briefly, as follows: 'lhe rich or fullcharged aqua-am mouia or ammonia liquid is delivered into the upper end of' the analyzer by the delivery-pipe L to descend therein,

.passing from pan or receptacle to pan or receptacle, and finally entering the funnel or hopper to pass through the tube or spout thereof into the first generating compartment or chamber at one side of the vertical longitudinal wall or partition of the generator or still. The rich liquid thus delivered into the first or initial receiving compartment or chamber of the generator or still is subjected to the heat of the steam tiowing through the pipes in such chamber in the opposite direction to the flowof the liquid in the chamber for the heat to evolve ammonia-gas from the liquid, and after such subjection tothe heat of the first receiving compartment or chamber the liquid Hows into the second or final receiving compartment or chamber and is subjected to the heat of the steam -fiowing through the pipes in such compartment or chamber in the opposite direction to the iiow of the liquid in the chamber evolving of am monia-gas therefrom, leaving only a 4weak liquid. vThe evolved gas passes upward in the analyzer and `out therefrom through adischarging pipe ort ube (notshown) connected with the outlet n to the rectifier, and thence to the condenser-coil. (Also not shown.)` The weak liquid passes from the second or final receiving compartment or chamber of Vthe generator or` still through a discharge-pipe N, to be again` recharged and made rich for the next operation of evolving gas.`

' The division of the generator or still into two sets of independent chambers or compartments and passing the rich liquid into each compartment at the bottom to rise upward and flow lengthwise therein to have the iiow against.A the opposite iiow of steam in the heating-pipes insures a complete and perfect subjecting of the rich liquid to the action of the heating-pipes under the best possible 0011- IOO IIO

,so v .fbothseries .of pipes lead y -tion chamber for the other y substantially as described.r

pipes dispenses with joints and coils and vsim# plifes the construction andimproves the opliquid yand revolving ammonia-gas, su'bstan through the solid ends of'the generator or still cylinderl gives a better surface for contact with the rich liquid anda closer t and This'rconstruction and arrangement of the heating-f eration of the generator or still. The delivering of the liquid into the bottom of each chamberv or compartment of the generator or stillinsures a perfect circulation of the liquid on and over the heating-pipes and prevents deterioration of the heating-pipes,las would be the case if the liquid were allowed toiiow thereoninstead of rising upward against the pipe.

I claiml. In an ammonia-still, the combination of a generator or still yhaving two chambersor compartments for the* circulation' of liquid from one chamber or compartment to the other, and longitudinal heating-pipes in each 2. In-an ammonia-still, theco'mbination of a generator or still having alongitudinal par-` tition dividing thechamber of thegenerator2 oristill into two 'chambers or compartmentsp, an opening ononesidefof lthe partition discharging in't'o 'one compartment, 'an opening oni' the opposite side and at theoppositeend of the( partition discharging into the otherv compartment, and a series of 'heati'ngpipes 1in 'eachcompartment forvacting 'onf-ammonia tially-as described.

a generator or still having alongit-udin'al partition dividing itsl interior intotwo chambers f or'comp'artments, an 'opening at one Vside of Y the partitionfleading in to one compartment,- V

an opening on theV opposite side of th'e parti? tionand at th'eopposite end'thereof leading into the other compartment-,a series of steam-l pipes-longitudinali of each,` compartment, a

steam-induction.chamber for one series vof pipes,a return steam-chamber into ywhich and a steam-educseries-of pipes,

` 4.' In an ammonia-still, the combination of a generatoror stillformed-of a cylinderhaving a continuous body and ends, andlongidescribed.

tud'inal steam-pipes passingthrough the solid ends or heads of the cylinder and exterior stung-boxes in thevsolid ends around the pipes for-insuring a tight joint forthe cylinder ends or heads and the steam-pipes, substantially vas described.

` 5. In an ammonia-still, the combination of A`a generator or still having a longitudinal partition dividing the interior into two chambers or compartments, a fun nel or hopper discharging into one chamber or compartment, and an analyzer mounted on the generator or still and communicating atthe bottom with the `funnel or hopper for discharging liquid into the initial receiving compartment or chamber of the generator or still, substantially as 6. In an ammonia-still, the combination of a generator or still having a longitudinal partition dividing the interior into two chambers or compartments, and an analyzer mounted on'th'e generator or still and communicating at thebottom with one chamber or compartment ofthe generator'or still for discharging @liquid thereinto,substantially as described.

7.1 In an `ammonia-still, the combination of fa generator or still having a longitudinal par tition dividing the'interior into twochambers or compartments, andan analyzer communi- Qcatirig at tthef bottom'withthe tW-o chambers yor compartments of the generator or still for idischargingli'q-uidl into oneA chamber or comgpartment and receivingthesupply of gas gen- Vierate'dfrom both chambers or compartments -to pass up through the analyzer,l substantially jasfd-escribed.` q n y i K 8. In an ammonia-still, thecombination of a generator or still havinga longitudinal pary i Y f 1 ltition dividing.itsinteriorintotwochambers Inr anfammonia-still, vthe combination of or compartments, an outer tube or cylinder having free-communication at itslower end Withthe generator or-still,` and a series-of al-` ternating largeand small pans or receptacles -in theatubejor cylinder delivering liquid down- ;Ward vfrom one pan totheother forinal dis- ;'charge into one chamber or compartment of Athe generator or still and admitting generated gas from both chambers or compartments of .the generator or stilllto pass` upward around and between.1 the vpans 4or receptacles in the ftube orcylinder, substantially as described.

soREN 'THURsTE'NsEN Witnesses: I

B. F. KUBAUGH, B. C. REUTER.

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