US6651187B2 - System and method for determining fault path behavior - Google Patents
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- US6651187B2 US6651187B2 US09/683,752 US68375202A US6651187B2 US 6651187 B2 US6651187 B2 US 6651187B2 US 68375202 A US68375202 A US 68375202A US 6651187 B2 US6651187 B2 US 6651187B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3668—Software testing
- G06F11/3672—Test management
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- the present invention relates to data processing systems, and more particularly to systems and methods for developing and debugging software programs implemented by such systems.
- debugging it is typically necessary to continually evaluate and test the program to ensure that it will operate properly under a variety of operational conditions.
- performance information may include timing information relating to execution time of various parts of the program being tested as well as information relating to the program's ability to operate correctly in response to a wide variety of conditions and errors.
- performance information is obtained by monitoring program execution under situations that simulate, as nearly as practical, the actual operating environment in which the software is intended to run. The data gathered during this monitoring (commonly referred to as “tracing”) is then analyzed to locate the corresponding places in the code that may be causing or contributing to any identified problems.
- a software program in operation, should appropriately respond to erroneous inputs or other types of fault sequences such that the error condition is overcome in a timely manner. That is, the program is developed to include various fault paths which are followed in response to various error conditions.
- debugging such functionality within a test program, it is desirable to view the operation or behavior of the fault paths when subjected to the error conditions. It can then be determined, through analysis, whether the test program is reacting properly and timely.
- error conditions or sequences are tested by inducing the condition (through external means or otherwise) during operation of the software. For example, in a peer-to-peer system between two networked devices, erroneous signals or messages may be sent to a device under test. However, actually generating each of the conditions to be tested is extremely time intensive, if possible at all. Alternatively, the condition may be “tested” during program development by examining the software code itself or test running portions of code to determine end-user operation.
- conventional techniques commonly used to debug reactive systems include numerous deficiencies in that such techniques are generally 1) static, and not dynamic, 2) hard-coded, and not variable, and 3) not probabilistic.
- a developer debugging a reactive system will make a change in the code running a system at one end of a communications link, which change could force an invalid or out-of-context message to be sent at a certain point in a scenario.
- This approach is useful for observing the behavior of the system receiving the message, but it is only useful in observing single-shot behavior.
- conventional debugging techniques enable developers to see what the system does when it receives a bad message one time.
- static techniques fail to enable the developer to see what will happen in multiple executions of the event path.
- the present invention overcomes the problems noted above, and provides additional advantages, by providing a system and method for determining fault path behavior in a computer software system.
- An error or event the occurrence of which is to be tested, is assigned a probability value and an array of elements populated by pseudo-random numbers.
- the current array value is compared against the probability value. If the current array value is greater than or equal than the probability value, the error or event is simulated within the software. Otherwise, the event is not simulated and the software is left to operate conventionally.
- the array is incremented upon each occurrence of the system under test.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of one type of computer system for use with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a method for injecting simulated events into a software component.
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating a more detailed embodiment of the circular event buffer configuration step of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 1 there is shown a simplified block diagram of one type of computer system 100 usable with the present invention.
- transceivers 102 and 104 are remotely connected over a computer network 106 .
- transceivers 102 and 104 may comprise any type of computer network device capable of both receiving and transmitting information over the network. Examples of such devices may include modems, routers, etc.
- Transceivers 102 and 104 typically operate by sending information to each other in the form of data frames or packets, each including a portion of a complete message. Errors between these devices may be caused by packet losses during transmission, out of sequence packets, received frames having bad CRC values, etc.
- FIG. 2 there is shown a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a method for injecting M possible simulated events into a software component in accordance with the present invention, where M is an integer value indicative of the number of events under test.
- a memory associated with the software component is configured to include M circular event buffers, one for each simulated event under test.
- the event buffers are each configured to include an indexed array populated with N pseudo random numbers less than 100 as well as an event probability value theoretically representative of the probability that the particular event will occur during any one iteration of the software component.
- the event probability value is input by the developer for the purposes of unpredictably injecting the event, and may not actually correlate to any real world probabilities.
- step 202 an iteration of the software component under test is begun.
- step 204 an instruction inserted at an appropriate location within the component's code is executed wherein it is determined whether the number located at the current index location in the event array is greater than or equal to the event's probability value. If the current array value is not greater than or equal to the event probability value, operation of the software component continues unmolested (i.e., no simulated event is injected) in step 206 .
- step 208 the software component determines whether an event has naturally occurred. If not, component follows a non-event path in step 210 . However, if an event is identified, an event path is followed in step 212 .
- step 208 determines that the current array value is greater than or equal to the event probability value.
- instructions inserted within the component's code are executed at step 214 which force the component to believe that the event in question has occurred. That is, the component is instructed that it has conducted the determination of step 208 and the result indicates that event has occurred. Accordingly, the component is forced to follow the event path in step 212 .
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_RX_ERROR_FRAME wherein the reception of an errored (bad crc) frame is simulated
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_TX_ERROR_FRAME wherein a frame with an error is transmitted to the receiver
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_UNEXP_MSG wherein a valid but unexpected message is sent
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_INVALID_MSG wherein an invalid message (not one of the defined types) is sent
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_OT_SUPPORTED wherein a mode select reception is simulated for an unsupported mode
- HS_DEBUG_EVT_NO_TX_SGMT wherein the case at the transmitter wherein the receiver indicates it does not wish to receive subsequent transmit frames of a multi-frame segmented message is simulated, even though these frames are already queued for transmit
- the instructions at step 212 could indicate to the component under test that a out of sequence message has been received. Accordingly, the component would be directed to its out of sequence event path, which would theoretically respond to such message appropriately. The event path or fault path of the receiving component would then be reviewed and analyzed to determine whether it was appropriate and timely in light of the injected circumstances.
- the index of the event array is incremented in step 216 so that, during the next iteration of the software component, the event once again may or may not be injected.
- the injection of an event or fault is unpredictable, requiring that the software component operate without the foregone knowledge that an event will be injected.
- analysis of unpredictable fault or event path behavior is a more accurate reflection on the manner in which a software component will respond to such an event in actual operation.
- a memory associated with the software component is configured to include M circular event buffers, one for each simulated event under test.
- the event buffers are each configured to include an indexed array having a length N as well as an event probability value indicative of the likelihood that an event or fault will be injected during a particular iteration of the component.
- a user input of an event probability value is received into the event buffer.
- any event probability value over 50 indicates a greater than 50% likelihood that an event will be injected.
- a user-selected seed is received into a pseudo-random number generator.
- the pseudo-random number generator utilizing the received seed, operates to populate the arrays created in step 300 .
- the user-selected seed may include the time or date on which the test was run, however, any suitable seed value may be used to generate the pseudo-random numbers.
- the developer can reproduce any event sequences generated as a result of the above-described invention. By receiving user information relating to event probabilities as well as pseudo-random number seeds, the present invention enables developers to more specifically tailor their analysis of specific events.
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