US662652A - Type composing and distributing machine. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 662,652 Patented Nov. 27,- I900. E. F. LINKE.

TYPE COMPUSING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 9, 19006 686 Modal.) 3 Sh6ets--Sheet Fig.1

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No. 662,652. Patented Nov. v 27, I900. E. F. LINKE.

TYPE GUMPOSING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 9, 1900,

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No. 662,652. Patented Nov. '27, I900.

E. F. LINKE.-

TYPE COMPOSING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE.

' (Application filed Apr. 9, 1900.: (No Model.) 3 Sheets8hept 3.

l U vybmsse/s: Inv 671/2507" /6/ZM4M/ EmzLL ELM/he Ustrran Starts ATENT 'rtibe ENH'L F. LINKE, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSlGNOR TO THE THORNE TYPE SETTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE COMPOSING AND DlSTRIBUTlNG MACl-HNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,652, dated November 27, 1900.

Application filed A ril 9, 1900.

To all whom it nuty concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL F. LINKE, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Hartford, county of Hartford, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type Oomposing and Distributing Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in type composing and distributing machines, particularly those in which thecomposed lines of type are to be justified by hand.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide means whereby the spaces, quads, and hyphens required for the hand justifying op erations may in the distributing operation be segregated from the rest of the matter and then diverted from the respective receiving or segregating channels into a series of handcases arranged in a convenient relation to the hand of the justifying operator.

Another object is to provide means whereby the spaces, quads, and hyphens which are th us required for hand justification and which are also required to be played out by the operator in the regular course of composition may in the distributing operation be divided between the regular composing-channels of the machine and the justifiers cases and may he thus divided in approximately the proportion required by each.

This invention is herein shown in an embodiment which is adapted for use in connection with a combined type setting and distributing machine of the general construe tion shown and described in United States Letters Patent Nos. 372,186 and 372,187, of October 25, 1887.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side view, and Fig. 2 is a plan view, in reduced scale, in section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, showing enough of the general machine and of my improved devices to enable their relation and cooperation to be understood. Fig. 3 is a plan View, in a larger scale, showing a segment of the composing-cylinder and the receivingchannels with the chutes leading therefrom to the hand-,justifiefis cases. Fig. 4 is a side view in sect-ion taken substantially along the line 4 4: of Fig. 3, showing the arrangement whereby the desired spaces after being Serial No. 12,188. (No medeLl I distributed from the type-channels of the distributing-cylinder into the segregating-channels of the composingcylinder are diverted therefrom to the justifiers cases.

In machines of this ciass the distributingcylinder 10 is mounted to rotate above and concentrically with the stationary com posingcylinder 11 and is provided with type-channels 12, arranged lougitudinallyof the cylinder and equallyspaced around the periphery thereof. The lower or composing cylinder 11 is provided with similar channels 13, arranged riphery. The lines of type to be distributed are placed in the upper channels 12 of the cylinder 10, and the latter is caused to rotate by an intermittent step-bystep movement, which bringseach channel of the upper cylinder successively into coincidence with the channels of the lower cylinder. The upper ends of the type-channels of the lower cylinder 11 are provided with selecting-wards set in differing combinations in the different channels, and the different type are nicked in coincidence with this system of Wards, so that the wards of each channel will receive only those type which are nicked in coincidence therewith. The intermissions in the rotation of the upper cylinder occurjust when the channels in the two cylinders are coincident, thereby allowing the type which have arrived at their proper channels to drop therein past the wards.

The location and arrangement of the channels and their wards of the composing-cylinder 11 are best shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, the channels therein shown being indicated by the numerals 36 to 52, inclusive. The character and other type which are set only from the keyboard and are therefore not liable to be reversed in manipulation are contained in channels warded upon one side, as illustrated by the channels 49, 50, 51, and 52; but the spaces and some of the other type which are handled by the operator in the operation of justifying are, however, liable to be inverted or reversed, so that when the matter is again distributed the type thus reversed would lie with their nicks upon the side of the channel opposite to that ordinarily containing the selecting-wards. Therefore in orin a corresponding relation around its pe-- der to insure proper distribution of these spaces and the characters which are thus liable to be reversed in handling they are each provided with two receiving-channels in the composing-cylinder, warded upon opposite sides, as in the case of the channels 41 and the channels 44and 45, thereby insuring the distribution of these spaces even when reversed.

The channels 44 and for the wide quads are herein shown to be provided with the supporting- wards 31 and 32 in the side of the channel opposite to the regular combination of selecting-Wards, the corresponding wide quads 33 being provided with a corresponding nick 34, made to clear the wards 31 and 32. These channels are employed in connection with the selecting-wards of these channels for supporting both sides of the type which immediately follow these quadsin the distributing operation on account of the increased distance which they fall due to the greater width of these quads. Similar receiving-channels having reversely-arranged selecting-Wards for insuring the distribution of accidentally reversed or inverted spaces form the subject-matter of a prior patent, No. 473,405, and are therefore not herein broadly claimed, being, however, utilized in cooperation with the devices of this invention to produce the results now sought.

Theregular channels 13 in machines of this class extend from top to bottom of the cylinder 11 Without interruption, so that the character type which do not require to be diverted from the composing-channel for the purposes herein set forth pass in the ordinary way down through their respective channels and are ejected singly from the lower end thereof in the composing operation by means of the keyboard. This is illustrated by the channels 36,37,49, 50,51, and 52 of Fig. 3; but in the present invention each of the channels 38 to 48, inclusive, for segregating the spaces and unassorted type is provided with a switch-block 16,which fits tightly in the channel. The upper surfaces of these switchblocks 16 are inclined, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the type after falling past the wards 14 slide upon these inclined surfaces of the blocks out of the channels into a series of chutes 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23. The upper ends of these chutes are secured to the composing-cylinder adjacent to the switch-blocks 16 and lead therefrom to a series of open cases 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30, respectively, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, these cases being arranged and located in a convenient relation to the hand of the justifying operator. As illustrated in these figures, the location of the cases is adjacent to the keyboard 55, so as toenable the operatorof a one-man composing-machine to justify his own composition.

The chute 17 leads to a pi-box 24 from the pi-distributing channels 38 and 39, which are oppositely warded in accordance with the combination of nicks employed for the miscellaneous, accidental, and other type, which are not used frequently enough to warrant the employment of separate distributingchannels.

In cases when, as herein shown, the receiving-channels are long enough to permit it the switch-blocks may divide their respective segregating-channels into upper and lower compartments, (indicated in Fig. 4 by 44 and 44 1) the upper compartments being employed for receiving the type or spaces for which they are respectively warded, while the lower compartments are employed for sorted characters. which though infrequently employed must nevertheless be played out by the keyboard in the com posing operation. The lower portions of the segregating-channels 36 to 48, inclusive, below the blocks 16 are or may be thus utilized for receiving a corresponding number of infrequent characters, which are thus distributed into the pi-boX 24, as just described,being sorted and transferred therefrom by hand to these channels, from which they are played out by the operator, as required, each of these short channels being provided with an ejector connected with a key in the keyboard in the usual way. The choice of the characters thus distributed into the pi-boX 24 and transferred thence by hand to these short channels is determined by the requirements of each particular machine and may be varied to any desired extent.

The arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is one which adapts machines of this class to be readily controlled by a single operator sitting at the keyboard 55. By means of that keyboard the desired type are played out of the cylinder 11 on to the rotating disk 56, from which they pass through the raceway 57 to the typeway 58, in which the type stand in proper sequence in a continuous line 59,reaching to, or nearly to, the galley 60. When the typeway is approximately full, the operator separates a stick full of type from the left hand of the line, justifies it to the required measure, and transfers it to the column in the galley, taking the required spaces, quads, and hyphens from their respective cases 25 to 30. Having thus emptied the typeway 58 to a convenient distance, he resumes composition by the keyboard, thus alternating the composition and justification of the matter.

In the usual methods of machine composition two sizes of spaces are ordinarily played out by the keyboard in the composing operation. One of these, commonly known as the chief space, which may be a three-em or four-em space, is played in at every space between the words. The other, which may be the en quad, is employed at the beginning of indented paragraphs and other blanks in the composed matter. These spaces are also required for use in the justifying operations. Therefore in the present invention only a portion of them are segregated and diverted to the justifyingcases. This diverse distribution of the same kind of spaces or type may be accomplished by icking the type in many different combinations, as may be required, and providing each combination with a similarly-warded channel located so as to deliver the type when wanted; but 1 where, as in the instances herein illustrated, the same kind of type have to be distributed in but two different places it. is preferably ac complished by the use of two channels reversely warded in the regular combination of each of the type or spaces which are th us to be divided, and in loading the distributingchannels some of these type are inverted or reversed about in the proportion required for each particular purpose. For example, the channels 36 and 46, as shown in Fig. 3, are reversely warded in the combination of the chief space. The reversed channel 46 is adopted as the segregating-channel for this space and is provided with one of the switchblocks 16, by means of which the reversed spaces distributed therein are divertedtherefrom and slide through the chute 21 into the justifier-case 28. On the other hand, the chief spaces that are not reversed are distributed into the regular channel 36, which is not provided with one of the switch-blocks 16, and hence the spaces pass through to the bottom of the channel and are ejected therefrom in the regular way during the composing operations by means of the keyboard. Similarly the en quads, which are reversed, are distributed into the segregating-channel 47, are diverted therefrom by its switch-block 16, and slide along the chute 22 into the justitier-case 29. Obviously, therefore, a suitable proportion of the chief spaces and en quads should be reversed in loading them into the machine to satisfy the requirements of the justifyingsectiou thereof.

It is found that in machine composition the hyphen type are employed almost exclusively at the ends of lines for indicating the separation of the syllables of those words of each line which must overflow into the next line. Inasmuch as the compositor while playing out the type from the keyboard cannot ordinarily p redetermine where these separations of a word are to occur, the hyphens therefore cannot be played out by a key, but are almostim ariably inserted by hand in the justifying operation. Hence it is considered preferable to divert all of the hyphen type from the channel into one of the justifying-cases,as 30. The lowerpart of the hyphen-channel 48 or of anyother convenient channel may, however, be utilized for the few of these hyphen type which are required to be played out by the keyboard, in compound words and similarinfrequentinstances, the type for this purpose being transferred by hand from the case 30; or in special cases in which a greater number of these hyphen type are required to be played out by key a special channel may be provided, warded on the opposite side to that of the channel 48, so that these type will be divided between the channels in a proportitm approximating their relative requirements, as already described in connection With the chiefspace channels 36 and .46 and the en- qu'ad channels 37 and 47.

As hereinbefore stated, the characters and other type which are both composed and distributed by the machine and are nothandled by the fingers of the operator will pass repeatedly through the composing and dis tributing sections of the machine without becoming reversed or inverted, and will therefore never be diverted to the justifying-section of the machine; but thespaces, hyphens, and similar type which are handled by the operator in spacing and justifying the lines of type are liable to be turned back, so as to be thereafter distributed into the oppositelywarded channels of the machine. Hence the constant tendency of the type thus handled would be to revert to the composingsection and to remain there. Therefore thejustit'ying operator should in handling these reversed spaces accustom himself to inserting them in the line in their reversed position. Otherwise these spaces and type will gradually revert to their regularly-warded channels, thus diminishing the spaces available for the justifying-section of the machine. The operator may, however, take advantage of this revertive tendency of the type by reversing or inverting some of those spaces or hyphens which may be distributed in the j ustifiers case in excess of the requirements of that section, thereby diverting to the composing-section of the machine a larger proportion of these type.

The type and spaces employed in machine composition are ordinarily nicked in. symmetrical combinations, so that they may be turned end for end and yet coincide with the selecting wards of their respective channels. Obviously, therefore, the nicks of these type may be brought adjacent to either wall of the respective channels either by turning the type over in its vertical plane without turning it end for end or by turning it end for end in its horizontal plane without turning it over. Hence the use herein of the terms reversec and inverted, both being, however, intended to denominate those movements of the type whereby their nicks are changed from one side to the other of the receiving-channels.

From the foregoing description it will be obvious that this invention is adapted to the distributing and segregating not only of the usual justifying-spaces, but also of the hyphen and any other character type that may be required for justifying or for any other purpose; but in order to avoid confusion of terms in the description of this embodiment of the invention the spaces, quads, hyphens, and other type which are or may be diverted to the hand-cases are herein designated as TCO spaces or justifying-spaces,it being understood, however, that any of the other type,as thus broadly designated herein, may similarly be divided and diverted from the regular channels of the machine.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination with a type-distributing machine and With a stick or typeway for composed lines of type, a segregating-channel for the justifying-spaces, a case therefor, located adjacent to the stick or typeway and means for diverting the said spaces from the segregating-channel to the case.

2. In combination with a t pe-distribu ting machine, a series of channels for segregating and assorting the justifying-spaces, a series of cases for containing the assorted spaces and means for diverting the said spaces from their respective channels and for guiding them to their respective cases.

3. In a type composing and distributing machine, the combination of a series of channels for segregating and assorting the justitying-spaces, a series of cases for containing the assorted spaces, located adjacent to the typeway of the composing-machine and means for diverting the said spaces from their respective channels and guiding them to their respective cases.

4. In a type composing and distributing machine, the combination of a series of channels for selecting and segregating the justifying-spaces from the distributing-matter, a series of hand-cases for containing the assorted spaces, arranged in convenient relation to the typeway of the composing-machine, and a series of switch-blocks and chutes leading from the said channels to their respective cases.

5. In a type composing and distributing machine, the combination of two channels warded upon opposite sides for the distribution of reversed or inverted spaces,with means for diverting from one of the channels the spaces distributed therein.

6. In a type composing and distributing machine, the combination of two channels for the same sort of type or spaces, having their selecting devices upon opposite sides of the channels, With means for diverting from one of the channels the type or spaces distributed therein.

7. In a type composing and distributing machine of the class specified, the combination of two receiving-channels reversely Warded in the same combination, with means for diverting from one of the channels the spaces distributed therein for the purpose specified.

8. In a type composing and distributing machine of the class specified, the combination of two receiving-channels reversely warded in the same combination for receiving reversed or inverted type, ahand-justifying case, located adjacent to the typeway of the composing-machine, and means for diverting from one of the channels to the case the spaces received therein.

Signed at Hartford, Connecticut, this 4th day of April, 1900.

ELWIIL F. LINKE.

Witnesses:

\VM. H. I-IONISS, JOSEPH MERRITT.

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