US662502A - Process of hardening iron or steel. - Google Patents

Process of hardening iron or steel. Download PDF

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Publication number
US662502A
US662502A US2200500A US1900022005A US662502A US 662502 A US662502 A US 662502A US 2200500 A US2200500 A US 2200500A US 1900022005 A US1900022005 A US 1900022005A US 662502 A US662502 A US 662502A
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Prior art keywords
steel
piece
iron
hardening
water
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US2200500A
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Ludwig Schiecke
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
    • C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching

Definitions

  • My invention relates to a new process of hardening all sorts of steel and iron; and it consists in the employment of certain compositions which during the separate periods of the process affect the piece of steel oriron to be hardened. Iattain this purpose by coating the piece to be hardened with a composition consisting of pounded charcoal, cornflour, slaked lime,and neats footoil. This composition forms a paste which I lay upon and around the piece to be hardened, and I heat the whole until the metal is red-hot. I then immerse the heated piece in Water, which has a small addition of sal-amnioniac, and move it until it is cooled. The surface of the water is covered with oil for the purpose of excluding the air.
  • the bottom of the vessel which contains the water and sal-ammouiac ' is covered with a mud of lime, clay, or chalk, into which I immerse the cooled piece Without having taken it outof the water and let it remain there for at least an hour before taking it out. Thus the piece does not come into contact with the air until perfectly cooled when taken out of the mud.
  • the effect of this process is as follows: The coating of the piece prevents the loss of carbon contained in the steel or iron by excluding the air during the heating process,
  • the chilling of the red-hot piece is tempered by the addition of sal-ammoniac to the Water. As the piece after being cooled in the Water is immediately sunk into the mud at the bottom of the vessel, it does not come into contact with the air, which cannot affect it. Thus a one-sided cooling is made impossible, and consequently the piece does not become crooked, as has been proved by many trials.
  • the result of the process is a tenacious hardness of the material, going considerably deeper than obtainable by the practice in use. A failure can only take place if the described process is not strictly carried out.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Description

TATE
ilnii'rn LUDW'IG SOHIEOKE, OF MAGDEBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO OTTO GENTSOH, OF SAME PLACE.
PROCESS OF HARDENING IRON OR STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,502, dated November 27, 1900.
Application filed June 28. 1900. Serial No. 22,005. (No specimens.)
To a. whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, Lonwicr SOHIEOKE, a subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany, residing at Magdeburg, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented a certain new and useful Process of Hardening Steel or Iron, of which the followingis a specification. 7
My invention relates to a new process of hardening all sorts of steel and iron; and it consists in the employment of certain compositions which during the separate periods of the process affect the piece of steel oriron to be hardened. Iattain this purpose by coating the piece to be hardened with a composition consisting of pounded charcoal, cornflour, slaked lime,and neats footoil. This composition forms a paste which I lay upon and around the piece to be hardened, and I heat the whole until the metal is red-hot. I then immerse the heated piece in Water, which has a small addition of sal-amnioniac, and move it until it is cooled. The surface of the water is covered with oil for the purpose of excluding the air. The bottom of the vessel which contains the water and sal-ammouiac 'is covered with a mud of lime, clay, or chalk, into which I immerse the cooled piece Without having taken it outof the water and let it remain there for at least an hour before taking it out. Thus the piece does not come into contact with the air until perfectly cooled when taken out of the mud.
The effect of this process is as follows: The coating of the piece prevents the loss of carbon contained in the steel or iron by excluding the air during the heating process,
and also on the Way from the fire to the wa ter it prevents, therefore, a change in the quality. The chilling of the red-hot piece is tempered by the addition of sal-ammoniac to the Water. As the piece after being cooled in the Water is immediately sunk into the mud at the bottom of the vessel, it does not come into contact with the air, which cannot affect it. Thus a one-sided cooling is made impossible, and consequently the piece does not become crooked, as has been proved by many trials.
The result of the process is a tenacious hardness of the material, going considerably deeper than obtainable by the practice in use. A failure can only take place if the described process is not strictly carried out.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
The hereinbefore-described process for hardening steel and iron, consisting in the heating of the piece to be hardened Within a coating composed of pounded charcoal, cornflour, slaked lime and neats-foot oil; then cooling the red-hot piece in Water-With an addition of sal-ammoniac and a layer of oil to exclude the air; then sinking the piece into a mud of argillaceous substances contained at the bottom of the vessel until the cooling is complete.
In Witness whereof I have hereunto'set my hand in presence of two witnesses.
LUDWIG SOHIEOKE.
\Vitnesses:
GEORGE H. MURPHY, CARL OSTERMANN.
US2200500A 1900-06-28 1900-06-28 Process of hardening iron or steel. Expired - Lifetime US662502A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2200500A US662502A (en) 1900-06-28 1900-06-28 Process of hardening iron or steel.

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US2200500A US662502A (en) 1900-06-28 1900-06-28 Process of hardening iron or steel.

Publications (1)

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US662502A true US662502A (en) 1900-11-27

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