US662481A

US662481A - Manufacture of mantles.

Info

Publication number: US662481A
Application number: US222400A
Authority: US
Inventors: Oscar Wiederhold
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1900-01-20
Filing date: 1900-01-20
Publication date: 1900-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 1917-11-27

Description

rricE.

IVIANUFACTU RE OF IVIANTLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

ee2,4s1, dated November 27, 1900.

Application filed January 20, 1900- Serial No.2,224. (No specimens.)

. To ctZZ whom it may concern:

' definitely and in detail one process of manufactoring my said mantles Without thereby limiting myself to the process described and with the further understanding that the word mantle is to be construed as meaning any incandescible body capable of being brought to a state of incandescence by a flame of high temperature, such as the Bunsen flame. Let it be assumed that I desire to produce six hundred mantles of No. 80 Clark thread. I then proceed as follows: I take one kilogram of nitrate of thorium in pulverulent condition andadd thereto one per cent. of nitrate of cerium and dissolve the said nitrates in two kilograms of water. I saturate ordinary thread mantle-webbings with this solution and dry the same and sew up the head of the mantle. If I desire to make a soft mantle, I put the said mantle on a form, preferably a glass form, and apply thereto with a brush a solution consisting of gasolene and five per cent. of parafiin and three per cent. chemicallypure lampblaok or other carbon. In case it is desired tomake a so-called hard mantle I take the mantle after the head has been sewed and the cellulose burned out in the usual manner and shape the said mantle over a Bunsen flame. The mantle thus produced is dipped into a solution of flexible collodion, which contains a three-per-cent. proportion of carbon, preferably chemically-p11 re lampblack. The mantle produced by the process, whether hard or soft, is grayish approaching black in hue. This mantle when burned ofl in the usual manner attains a much softer state than the ordinary thoria mantle, and

consequently has a greater candle-power. I

am also of the opinion that the thoria is left in its original condition-that is to say, it does not take up a sufficient quantity of additional oxygen to cause objectionable shrinkage or to detract from its incandescent properties. My theory of the process is this: It

is well known that thoria when at a high temperature has an extraordinary affinity for oxygen, and when a thoria mantle is burned oif the oxygen attacks the thoria, which, becoming less oxidized, shrinks, and the mantle is thereby distorted, and at the same time the incandescing'properties of the thoria are diminished. Carbon when used with the thoria, as described, seems to have a greater affinity for oxygen than the thorium compound has, and consequen tly the carbon is attacked by the oxygen, and not the thorium, with the excellent results above mentioned.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. As a new and useful article of manufacture, a mantle comprising in its structure a refractory oxid having an affinity for oxygen,

and a substance associated therewith capable of combining with oxygen to prevent further oxidation of the oxid, whereby, shrinkage of the mantle is prevented, substantially as described.

2. As a new and useful article of manufacture, a mantle comprising in its structure a refractory oxid and free carbon for preventing further oxidation of the oxid.

3. As a new and useful article of manufacture a mantle composed of thoria and free carbon.

4. As a new and useful article of manufacture an incandescible mantle composed of a suitable support, a refractory oxid and a highly-reducible material, substantially as described to prevent injurious oxidation of the mantle during the burning-off process.

5. As a new and useful article of manufacture, a flexible mantle composed of a flexible support, a refractory oxid anda material containing loosely-bound carbon having great affinity for oxygen, the said mantle being nonshrinkable by burning off.

6. As a new and useful article of manufacture, a flexible mantle composed of a flexiblecollodion support, a refractory oxid and free carbon. i

7. A new and useful composition of matter for impregnating mantles consisting of a refractory oxid and a carbonaceous material containing I loosely-bound carbon capable of protecting the oxid from injurious oxidation.

OSCAR WIEDERHOLD. Witnesses:

GEO. E. MORSE, OTTO v. SoHRENK.