US66202A - Improvement in cotton-gins - Google Patents

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Inventar:

N. PETERS. PHOTaUTHcGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D CA @uiten tatess @attent @fitta HENRY VALENTINE 4sonfrrniu'roon, or ALBANY,y New YORK.

" Letters Patent No. 66,202, dated June 25, 184,57. A

@the Sdgehult tefnttt tu in tljrst finitas intnit mit mating part; nf the samt.

T() ALL WHOM I'I MAY COQNCERII: i

Be it known4 that I, HENRY VALENTINE Scar'rnneoon, of the city ot' Albany, State of NewYork, have invented certain improvements in the construction of Cotton-Gins; and I declare the following specification, with the drawing forming part thereof, to be a full and complete description ot' my invention.

`Figure 1 represents the gin in profile, with its pulleys and belts in place.

Figure Zis a vertical section of the machine through its length, showing the arrangement of the machinery.

Figure 3 is a tront view of the machine, with the covering to the machinery removed to show it.

Figure LLis a rear view ot' the machine, showing the condensing machinery as attached to it; and

Figures 5, G, 7, 8, and 9 are sectional views of parts ofthe improved machinery.

Similar letters denote thc same parts of the apparatus. i i

".lhenulture of my said invention consists in forming the teeth of a cotton-gin of finished and tapering needle-pointed wires, set obliquely to the radial lines of the grinding cylinder, so as to seize and draw away from the seeds the cotton or lint without injuring the staple.A I also construct' my cylinder of a series of separate rings or segments of rings, so that one portion can be removed it' injured;` and I employ a condenser for receiving the cotton, and allowingthe air from the brushor bloweritopass away, said condenser being formed of a cylinder or cyliders with Va smooth, perforated surface, to which the 'cotton will not adhere, as with the wire-cloth cylinders heretofore employed. i v

In the drawing, A is the frame of the machine, formed in any usual manner. C is the ginning-cylinder; R the guard or range of ribs; B the brush-cylinder or blower, with its brushes IJ as usual. The ginning-cylinder is formed with circular ranges of teeth, and eachtooth is made of wire, with asinooth, finished tapering needle point, so as to take hold of the cotton and draw the same away from the seeds without injuring the staple. The teeth are toibo s et obliquely `to the radii ofthe cylinder, as at r r, tig. 5, or formed with their points curved forward, as at n fa, fig. 5. l To make my cylinder both strong, light, and true, I provide a series of rings,E, having arms, S, tig. .7, titted-to be set upon theshaft G of' the ginning-cylnder, and between these I introduce my ranges of teeth, secured in a curved metal stock or base, D. These .toothed stocks Aare to be formed either. as complete rings, or as sections or segments -of rings, and made by casting type metal, or other suitable metal, aroundthe lower ends of the said wire" teeth. In the sides of these rings o'r segments I `form grooves ,e a, as represented in'igs. G and 8, to receive the flanges t of the rings E and the corresponding anges on thecylinder heads; or ribs might be formed on the bases of the teeth, and the rings E andthe cylinder heads .be made with grooves toreceivethe same. One or both hcads of the cylinder are made movable, Aand set up by av screw or wedge to clamp the segments andrings `firmly together, and produce a perfcct,st1"ong, and light and true ginnin'g-cylinder.

It is manifest that this construction will `produce a light and strong cylinder, and at the Sametime admit of easy and quick repairs in case of injuryto any of the rings carrying the ranges of teeth. In that case, by loosening the nut and drawing back the cylinder head, the rings may he separated, the injured part removed, and a new section introduced, the headrep'laced, and screwed up ready. for service without removing the cylinder from the machine. The vribs in the gins 'now in use are generally formed in reference to their profile, as shown by the dott-cd red lines in fig. 2, commencing at the lower girt of the hopper at e, and extending to the upper girt at G', where their upper ends are fastened. It will be seen that at the upper angle of the space behind this style of rib there is-a place where the lint, carried upwards by the operation of the teeth upon the cotton in the hopper, may collect and pack. This frequently occurs, retarding and often entirely stopping the movement or rolling of the cotton in the hopper, compelling the operator to stop the gin, and clear away the obstruction. The form and Varrangement of ribs in my machine are intended to obviate this diiculty. These ribs are shown in profile at fig, 2, in front view in tig. 3, and in eross-section (of full size) as seen from above in iig. 9. It will be sccn that I give thc middle part of the ribs, from their point g where they become tangentA to the cylinder, a curved form, and carry that c urvc back above the cylinder, and then give tothe ribs a reflex curve upwards and forwards, as shown in the iig-2. The ribs are secured at their bottom ends to the lower girt c et' the hopper, and at their upper ends to the upper girt by means of a brace, G', (see fig. 9,) fastened to the lower surface of the girt, the bra-ce and rib being connected byla narrow neck, P, holding the rib a small space off from the girt. The use 4of this narrow neck is toleave between contiguous ribs a, space, Q, for Vthe estoi passage ofthe lint upwards behind said ribs, issuing atlast from between said ribs and the pointy), figs. 2 and 3, and ire-entering the hopper. By this double curve of the ribsI carry that part which is over the cylinder further back than usual,-thereb"y exposingthe cotton tothe action of a. greater number of teeth than in other gins, consequently enabling the machine to do more work at every revolution of its cylinder. For the purpose of cleansing the lint more perfectly from the. dirt and dust, which cannot be entirely removed by the action of the brushes, and which, in existing machines driven bythe wind of the brushes, pass with the lint to the condensing roll, and become there incorporated with the hat of cotton as it is formed, I provide a space between the mote-board M andthe-back' part of the frame, which is enclosed, making a tight box or dead-air chamber and I cover it with a screen or smooth surface, freely perforated,- (scc V, fig. 2.) The effect of this arrange. ment is that the lint thrown down by th'c brushes upon the mote-board iscarricd along the screen, and, there being no current of air from the dead-air chamber to carry along the 'particles of dust and dirt, they fallthrough the screen into the chamber. However, if preferred, this casing might be dispensed with, the air and dust passing out through the screen V.

The condenser, so called because by it the loose flock 4or lint delivered from the brush-blower is collected and formed into a compact bat, is constructed as follo ws: In ordinary machines the lint is passed to a hollow cylinder, extending across the machine at some distance behind the brush-cylinder, or blower, and whichcylinder is formed of wire cloth, upon which the lint passes. This kind of covering gives the hat a coarse, uneven appearance, and there is diiculty in separating the cotton from suchwire cloth. To avoid this difficulty I employ one or more condensing rollers or cylinders, formed wit-h a smooth surface perforated with small holes. For this I prefer sheet metal with numerous small holes punched in it, but hard rubber, or other material that possesses sufficient strength, and can be formed with a smooth surface capable of being perforated with numerous small holes without leaving rough edges or projections to catch the cotton or lint 1nay be employed. I have represented two such condensing rollers, 1 and 2, fig. 2, with their doiing or delivery rollers 3 and 4. The rollers 2 and 4 shouldbe set in stationary boxes, while the rollers 1 and 3 are allowed to rise `and accommodate the thickncssnof the bat. The pair of rollers`3 and 4 are of wood, with smooth surfaces about two inches in diameter. The roller 4 runs in stationary boxes, and the condenser roller 1 has a free movement up and down. -fhelrollerruns in arms m, which hang from thc axis of the condensing roller 1, and canpturn thereon as the roller S'rise's or falls. The .objectv of this is that the roller 3 may always maintain the same distance. from the condenser, so that it will never fail to take the lint from No. 1, no matter how far the rolicrs 3 and 4 may be separated by the thickness of the bat between them.l Therollers 1 and 3 are to be pressed downwards by suitable springs a: fastened to the frame of the machine.

I consider'vthe advantages of the combined improvements to be these: first, by theform of the nccdlepointed teeth, and the mode of placing them upon thev cylinder, the points present themselves ii1st,"and,as. the perfectly round, Vsmooth body of the tooth comes forward, there isE a gentle drawing movementupon the cotton, which separates the lint from the seed without injury to the staple; second, the mode of constructing the cylindergives a simple way cf fitting the needle-pointed teeth to its surface, and a prompt, economical way of; repairing damages thereto.; third, by the mode of forming the ribs a greater surface of the cotton roll in the hopper is exposed to the.. operation 4ofthe teeth, and agreater number of teeth are acting at once upon the roll, keepinigup its motion, and separating the lint fromitheseeds without injury tothe staple; fourth, by the mode of securing the upper part of the ribs to the framewithout obstructing the space for the lint to pass back into the hopper, the clogging of the machine andthe delays in operating it are prevented, fifth, by the dead-air chamber and'its perforated screen all dirt and foreign matter are removed before the lint reaches the condenser.; sixth, by forming thevcondenser roller or cylinder with a smooth perforated surfacepii'istead of wire cloth, the bat when it comes from the machine is complete.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A gunning-cylinder, formed with circular ribs 'or projections containing or supporting thc teeth, said ribs or projections being elevated above the other portion of the surface of the ginning-cylinder, 'and thus leaving grooves for the reception of the guards, substantially as specified.

2. I claim forming the ginning-cylinder of a series of rings, between which rings or segments of rings containing teeth are secured, substantially as specified.

3. In combination with a cylinder carrying circular ranges of needle-pointed teeth, I claim the guards R,

formed with openings to their upper ends,'as and for the purposes specified.

I claim attaching.thedelivering or dofi'ing roller upon arms extending from the axis of the perforated condensing roller or cylinder, so that said delivery roller is allowed to rise and accommodate the thickness of the bat, and is kept properly in contact with the condensing cylinder, as set forth.

5. In combina-tion with the condensing roller or rollers formed with smooth perforated surfaces, I claim the screen V and brush-blower B for conveying the cotton to the condenser, as specified.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this 25th day of November, 1864.

I HENRY VALENTINE SCAWlEltUOOl).

Witnesses:

LEMUEL W. SERRELL, Trios. Guo. HAROLD.

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