US661985A - Process of dyeing. - Google Patents
Process of dyeing. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US661985A US661985A US2306800A US1900023068A US661985A US 661985 A US661985 A US 661985A US 2306800 A US2306800 A US 2306800A US 1900023068 A US1900023068 A US 1900023068A US 661985 A US661985 A US 661985A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- acid
- dyeing
- ammonium
- boiling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940044197 ammonium sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- QXYMVUZOGFVPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N picramic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O QXYMVUZOGFVPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WEEOFHJAGVFCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-chlorobenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1NCl WEEOFHJAGVFCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPVGTPBMTFTMRT-NSKUCRDLSA-L fast yellow Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(N)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 FPVGTPBMTFTMRT-NSKUCRDLSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019233 fast yellow AB Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
Definitions
- T0 (tZZ whom it may concern:
- the new mordanting-bath which I propose, prepared from potassium bichromate and ammonium-sulfate, is neutral in the beginning, but becomes slowly acid on boiling, a part of the ammonium-sulfate decomposing and ammonia being given off.
- the latter escapes or reduces the small quantities of chromic acid, which at the same time have been set free. Further nitrogen, water, and lower oxides of chromium are formed, which latter immediately become fixed upon the wool fiber. It is evident that in the way described the mordant is but slowly, and therefore most evenly, deposited on the fiber. Moreover, if a sufficient quantity of ammo- 11in m-sulfate is added the bath may be almost completely exhausted.
- My new method permits the addition of a number of mordant coloring-matters directly to the mordanting-bat-h Without the formation of a lake occurring in the bath immediately.
- the coloring-matter only is at first absorbed by the wool.
- the trace ofchromic acid liberated isimmediatelytaken up by the fiber, which possesses a very great affinity for it and combines with the coloring-matter upon the fiber.
- the reaction continues in the same manner and is assisted by the dye-bath becoming more and more acid until both the coloring-matter and the chromic acid are Withdrawn from the bath and united upon the wool.
- the preparation of the dyebath may be essentially facilitated by keeping standard solutions containing the dyestufif and all the necessary ingredients in the proportions required. Such standard solutions could be prepared by the color-manufacturers and brought upon the market.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Description
UNrrn STATES EMIL HAUSSMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE ACTIEN- GESELLSCHAFT FUR ANILIN FABRIKATION, OF SAME PLACE.
PROCESS OF DYEING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 661,985, dated November 20, 1900.
Application filed July 10, 1900. Serial No. 23,068. (No specimens.)
T0 (tZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EMIL HAUSSMANN, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dyeing Processes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it. appertains to make and use the same.
It is well known that colors fast to milling may be produced on W001 fiber by the formation of lakes. For this purpose the Woolen goods are mordanted with chromium compounds and subsequently boiled in a solution of the dyestuff. The characteristical feature of the mordanting process consists in impregnating the material to be mordant-ed with a boiling solution of potassium or sodium bichromate with certain assistants, which serve to decompose the bichromate and simultaneously to reduce the chromic acid thus formed. Suitable additions are tartar, oxalic acid, lactic acid, or lignorosin, in combination with sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid alone or hero-sulfuric acid or certain other additions sometimes employed set free the chromic acid without reducing it. Hence the reduction can only take place by afiecting the wool fiber. I have now made the unexpected discoverythatbysubstitutingfortheabove-mentioned assistants neutral ammonium saltsfor instance, ammonium-sulfatea mordanting-bath of most valuable properties is obtained.
The new mordanting-bath which I propose, prepared from potassium bichromate and ammonium-sulfate, is neutral in the beginning, but becomes slowly acid on boiling, a part of the ammonium-sulfate decomposing and ammonia being given off. The latter escapes or reduces the small quantities of chromic acid, which at the same time have been set free. Further nitrogen, water, and lower oxides of chromium are formed, which latter immediately become fixed upon the wool fiber. It is evident that in the way described the mordant is but slowly, and therefore most evenly, deposited on the fiber. Moreover, if a sufficient quantity of ammo- 11in m-sulfate is added the bath may be almost completely exhausted.
My new method permits the addition of a number of mordant coloring-matters directly to the mordanting-bat-h Without the formation of a lake occurring in the bath immediately. As the bath is neutral in the beginning, the coloring-matter only is at first absorbed by the wool. On boiling the trace ofchromic acid liberated isimmediatelytaken up by the fiber, which possesses a very great affinity for it and combines with the coloring-matter upon the fiber. The reaction continues in the same manner and is assisted by the dye-bath becoming more and more acid until both the coloring-matter and the chromic acid are Withdrawn from the bath and united upon the wool.
My new mordanting process is to be regarded as a technical advantage of great importance for the following reasons:
First. The process is carried out in one single operation, the goods being brought into the boiling-bath, and no subsequent addition of any ingredients whatsoever is required.
Second. The bath is completely exhausted, so that several consecutive dyeing operations may be carried out in the same bath. Mere traces of chromium that may have been retained can be removed, if necessary, by the addition of a small quantity of lactic acid.
Third. In many cases direct shades are obtained, which in the dyeing processes hitherto employed were only obtained by a subsequent treatment with potassium bichromate. Consequently the dyer has it in his power to match directly.
Fourth. Since dyestuffs, as arule, dye very evenly in a neutral bath,the dyeings obtained with the help of my mordanting process are distinguished by their extraordinarily even shades as compared with those produced upon a chrome-mordant. Whereas in the latter case the color-lake is immediately formed jected to my new dyeing process yield shades which are essentially richer and much faster to milling than those produced by the processes hitherto employed.
Sixth. The preparation of the dyebath may be essentially facilitated by keeping standard solutions containing the dyestufif and all the necessary ingredients in the proportions required. Such standard solutions could be prepared by the color-manufacturers and brought upon the market.
To further illustrate my invention, I give the following directions:
I. DISSOIXB in boiling water one pound of potassium bichromate, one pound of ammonium-sulfate, and one pound of anthracenered in a vat of two hundred gallons. Enter with one hundred pounds of slubbing and connect with a pump. Work for two hours until the bath is exhausted. Rinse and dry.
II. Dissolve in boiling water one pound of chrome fast yellow B, one pound of potassium-bichromate, and one pound of ammonium-sulfate in a vat of three hundred gallons. Enter with fifty pounds of worsted yarn at a moderate temperature,lift six times, and raise the temperature slowly to the boil and dye, gently boiling until the bath is exhausted.
III. Dissolve in boiling water 7.5 pounds of the azo-dyestuff paste obtained from diazotized picramic acid and meta-toluylene-dia mine,( respectively equivalent proportions of the dyestuffs obtained from diazotized picramic acid and chloro -phenylenediamine, Cl:NH :NH :l:2: 4 or 1:3: 5,) 1.5 poundsof potassiumbichromate, and 1.5 pounds of ammonium-sulfate in a piece-vat of two hundred gallons, enter with seventy-five pounds of worsted goods at a moderate temperature, and work for fifteen minutes. Raise the temperature slowly to the boil and dye, boiling until the bath is exhausted.
Having now described my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, what I claim as new is- The process for fixing coloring-matter on wool, said process consisting of simultaneously mordant-ing and dyeing woolen goods in a bath containing the dye together with chromates and neutral ammonium salts.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 23d day of June, 1900, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
EMIL HAUSSMANN.
Witnesses:
HENRY HASPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2306800A US661985A (en) | 1900-07-10 | 1900-07-10 | Process of dyeing. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2306800A US661985A (en) | 1900-07-10 | 1900-07-10 | Process of dyeing. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US661985A true US661985A (en) | 1900-11-20 |
Family
ID=2730548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2306800A Expired - Lifetime US661985A (en) | 1900-07-10 | 1900-07-10 | Process of dyeing. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US661985A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2520081A (en) * | 1948-12-07 | 1950-08-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Metachrome dyeing procedure and products dyed therewith |
-
1900
- 1900-07-10 US US2306800A patent/US661985A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2520081A (en) * | 1948-12-07 | 1950-08-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Metachrome dyeing procedure and products dyed therewith |
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