US659447A - Preparation of carbid of calcium. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT QEFicE;

MARC PIERRE EMMANUEL L ETANG, or PARIS, FRANCE.

,PREPARATION OF CARBiD or CALClUiVi.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659,447, daiifit i w s 9, 1900-.

Application filed December 13, 1897- Serial No. 661,714- (No specimensd To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARC PIERRE EMMAN- UEL LETANG, of Paris, Republic of France,

have invented a Preparation of Carbid of Calcium, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to a preparation of carbid of calcium for the generation of acetylene; and it consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification. 4

This invention has been patented to me in Great Britain by Letters Patent No. 21,572, dated September 29, 1896; in France, dated May 12,1896, No, 257,016; in Italy, dated September 1, 1896, N 0. 2,406; in Germany, dated September 27, 1896, No. 94,639, and in Belgium, dated December 18, 1895, No. 118,919.

This invention relates to a u'ewor improved preparation of carbid'of calcium destined to facilitate the use and the handling of this chemical in all its tions and. more particularly for the manufacture of acetylene gas. ,1

' Common carbid of calcium has the defect of being very sensitive to the action of dampness or of steam. Moreover, it leaves as a residuum a layer of damp and solid lime which cannot pass through the openings of the carbid -suppo rting receptacles of the acetylene-producing apparatus, These two defects result in keeping up the evolution of the gas long after the carbid ceases to be in direct contact with the water.

The object of my invention is to somepare the carbid that these defects are overcome. In securing this end it will be necessary to provide the calcic carbid with coat.- ing which shall render it less sensitive to moisture and also have capacity of dissolving the limo produced in the generation of the acetylene gas due to the'decomposition which takes place in the carbid. The coating may be designed to secure either or both of these ends, as desired. The solvent of the lime should be capable of either readily dissolving it or at least rendering it liquid suflicicnt-ly to promote its automatic elimination from the carbid by gravity.

practical applicaj he .so of which is to In carrying out my invention I prefer to proceed in the following manner: I cover the pieces of carbid with a protective coating or paint consisting chiefly of glucose, to which I add petroleum and carbonate of lime in powder. The following is the formula for the paint, which I prefer to use: glucose,fifty five parts; petroleum, five parts; carbonate of lime in powder, forty parts. This formula may be modified not only as regards the relative proportions ofthe ingredients, but also as regards their nature. Thus instead of glucose to dissolve the lime I may use any other chemical capable of dissolving, or liquefying lime-for instance, sugar in either a crude orrefined state or the residuum from the manufacture of sugar and from'distilleries, lactose, honey,molassesgnannite, maltose, dextrine, and the like, as well as mixtures and combinations of with othei'substances. In short, all saccharii a substances, such as saccharate and sucrai On the other hand, for petroleum, preserve the carbid from the action of steam or moisture, I may si-ostitn'te Vaseline,- terebinth, heavy oils of tar, turpentine, varnish made with shellac, with caoutchouc, with rosin, with india-r'ubher or with gutta-percha, or the like. In short, every other chemical capable of formiug an impermeable coating. The powdered carbonate 'of lime, which is of secondar importance in the mixture, may be replaced by chalk, talc, sulfur, If desired, it may be omitted. This coating may be applied to the calcic carbid in any manner found most convenient. For instance, each piece may be dipped in or washed with the compound coating, or where the" pieces are small they may be joined or pressed sugar together, or

fine sand, and the like. I

into a conglomerate mass with the compound coating or may be coated after being made into such conglomerate mass.

Instead of covering the ca-rbid with the paint or coating it may be merely mixed (after petroleum has been added thereto) with i one or more of the above substances which are capable of dissolving or liquefying the lime. These substances may be merely dissolved in water. I

' "sium salt. tion in its application to pure carbid of cal 4 outlet awns-a providdy'theniivlril the-danger ceases the bidhssoon as formed;

soluble lime fr'ely flows through the meshes 51 oi' gil' i as e 1; co-storage it p1 Q5 my degree the genera My improvements are applicable to calcic carhid even where thesame contains other substances, such as magnesium or a magne Hence I do notlimit the invencium,

It-is to ,glucose may be'niiied' with-other substan'ces,l

- f 'such as poiyde rc'tcrystallized sugarv or other to equivalent substance, aud em ployed with or "withontace'tic or other acid havingthe property of preventing the sugarbecoming'ln-ittle.

,- These-ingredients inavbe. used as follows:,

.;=sq\;smy, ms of g1uQQSQtwenty-four parts of 5,15 crystallized sugar,one'part of acetic acid, and fiveparts of petroleum; To this maybe add ed thePorvdered carbonate of lime, if necesmy 3 but this maybe lomitted in View 'oflthe" use of themfi'fiall-ized sugar and acetic-acid; j

which; acts asra binder; Other proportions may he employed if desired.

= Where it is desired s mply to secure the sol-- ubility otrthe lime,- the'petrolenm or its equivalent is-omittedr; i M hile'I prefer to make the coating complet'e as-a mixture and apply all at once;'it-isnesrrthelssevident that the carbid may be dipped in the petroleum first and subsequently coated with the solventforthelimeit fi mu H ner itrmay jbe shlpped withont danger of decoiriposition'-fi'om Imoistu or of the generationrof dangerou-s-acetylene gas in the ship-,

3-5: acetylene-' gas generating machines it preventssgontin'ued"=generatiou"of gas after the gaswalv .hasbeen closed and contact with water pre ventfcdmnd thus overcomes the great the preseiice 'ot' considerable moisture in the damp lime in'clcisi n'g thecarbid, which in time generates gas by decomposing the carbid when r d-gas is b ng'con'sumed and when no In 'case a. safety-valve is lower amusin ill results, WYithlmy inveng tiori-Ltliisis-o'hi iatedisince' the damp lime is dissolvedby the'glucoseand leaves the car- In this "manner the i bnnmta ero" age'of the carbid-holder and antoiii minates itself from the re-v a g qu il saw n Shi m r jylene-generating machines 7 the same are runat intervals.

- Gar-bid treated intlieman'ner and lamps," where herein set out alcium. i The petroleum v carbid doesnot prevent Jbut largely; prevents nseqnently aside from as anifmpoitar'itfunctionin acetso that the generation of such gas is more uni form] y produced and sudden variation in flame, constant candle power, and more-univ I ,c l l torrh pressure? be understood that, if desired, the;

in g'those-f nd for sec l i gthes'e resultswould be within the spirit oftn'y invention.

In this application '1 "(id not-g latin the from the' carbidprepared as herein set forth, as that forms'the subject-matterof mygdi- Marchlll, 1900.

'by Letters Patent, isv a l. As a new' article of manufacture a prepared carbidjof calcium consisting of ca'rbid.

posed'ofglucose'orits equivalen't'capable of l. l. I dissolving, or liquefying the lime when pro- 'When'calcic carbid is treated inthis man-' duced from the decomposition of the carbid.

1 pared cal-bid of fcalciumlconsisting oicarbid of calcium jhaving a protective coating come lent and an inert powder such'as carbonate the lime when produced, from thedecolnposition of the carbid. r

of calcium having a protective coating comtvhen produced from the decomposition-of the carbidzi l i A 4:. As a new article of manufacture aprepared carbid of calciunzconsistlnguof carbid petroleum or P ssu sobviated.. This in small lamps is a great ad vantage, since itsecu res a more steady known prior to my invention. JHefn'cc l donot. conhn e myself to the special means of securs'herein set out, asany means.

method or process of generating acetyle'negas.

visional application, Serial No. 9,179,", filed What I claim as new, and desire to secure of calcium having a protectisiecoatin'g com-' -2. As a new article, of manutactureapreposed of amixture of, glucose or its cqniva of lime" capable of dissolving r liqnefying 3. As a new'article of manufacture apre, pared carbid of calcium consisting of carbid l posed of a mifiture of glucose or its equivalent; 1 and petroleum orits equivalent capable one tar-ding the action ofmoisture and dissolving,

' v or liquefyling the lime of calcium having a, protective coating composed of a mixture of glucose or its equivalent,

' its equivalent'andan inert powdersuch ascarbonate of lime capable of -re tarding the action of moisture, andldissolvin g the decompositionv of the carbide 1 particles or powder ,of-carbid of calcium, and

' or-liquefyingv-the lime when produced from le,

- :20 5- A a t l of m n f e a P ep r carbid of calcium consisting of small pieces,

asnbstance such asfgl ucose which in the presed togetherto form opegmass.

6." As an article of manufacture arbi'd'of ca cium consisting of small pieces, particles orzpowder vof carbid of calcium, a

substance suchgluce sfel which in "the presence of moisture is'fa'sol ventfor lime-cement! aprepared I ence of moisture is 'a solvent for li-me and a bindercemented together to' form one mass.-

f 7. As an article of manufacture a prepared carbid of calcium consisting of smallpieces,

particles er powder of carbid of calcium, a substance such as glucose 8. As a new article of manufacture a cal-bid ofcalciumconsisting of a mixture of an ex cessof carbid pilea lcigm with a. substance which is nsolvent for lime in the presence of 0f calcium consisting of a mixture moisture, and a substance more or l ess'imper'- vion'stom'oi'stur'e.

cess ofivcarbid of calcium,with asubstance which is'a: solvent for lime in the presence of. moisture, a substancemore or less 11nper-" vious to moisture, and an inert binder. In testimony oflwhi'ch invention Ihere-unto 'set my hand.

= Witnesses: a 3 JED ARD' P. MACLEAN,

.FINLEY P. MCGUIRE;

9, Ass new article of manufactu re'a carbid of an ex- MARC PIERRE-EMMANUEL LETANG'.