US65939A - Improved machine fob pboduoing blast in gas-oarburettors and other appabatus - Google Patents

Description

EQA. POND & M. S. RICHARDSON. MACHINE FOR REDUCING BLAST IN GAS CARBURETERS AND OTHER APPARATUS.

No. 65,939. Patented June -18. 186?.

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POND AND M. SRICHARDSON, OF RUTLAND, VERMONT.

Lam Patent No. 65,989, dated June 18, 1867.

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TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

I Be it known that we, E. A. POND and M. S. RICHARDSON, of Rutland, in the couutyof Rutland, and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Air-Pumps; and we hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is n. transverse vertical section of a pump constructed in accordance with our invention; and

Figures and 3 are side elevations of the apparatus, the case being in part removed so as to show the interior works.

Our invention relates to apparatus for compressing and freezing air, with special reference to their use as pumps to supply air to gas machines or carburettor-s, or even, in connection with hydrocarbon fluids, as carburetting machines themselves; and it relates more particularly to that class of apparatus in which a continuous current of air is induced by'the revolution within a case partially filled with liquid of a series of convolute tubes or chambers.

The apparatus, under our invention, may he said tobe composed of the following elements, combined as hereinafter described: first, a vessel or case divided into two compartments, communicating with each other at or near the bottom of the vessel; sccond, a hollow shaft or arbor passing through the two compartments, having mounted upon one side of the dividing partition :2 series of convolutc tubes, and provided on the other side with one or more perforations, the said shaft being connected with suitable mechanism for rotating it; third, one ormore suitable valves for the admissionof air, and pipes for the discharge of thecompressed air or gas.

By reference to the accompanying .drawinggthe manner in which our invention is or may be carried into cfi'eet will be readily comprehended.

The case of the pump is a cylinder divided by a partition, a, into two chambers, 13 C, the former containing the tubular arms, and the latter receivihg the mingled air' and liquid discharged from the arms. The tubular arms b are mounted in a convolute manner on a hollow shaft, 0, which has its hearings in the ends of the cylindrical case A, and is rotated by means of suitable gearing. The shaft, at the points wherethe tubes are united with it, is pierced with holes, through which the water and air in the arms enter the interior of the shaft when the machine is in operation, being discharged on the other side of the partition a into the chamber B through the perforations d. At :the point where the shaft passes through the partition it is packed so as to render the joint perfectly air-tight. In the upper part of the chamber 0 is a valve, e, through which the air is supplied to the chamber, or rather the tubular arms, but which at the same time prevents the escape of any vapor or volatile fluid which may accumulate in the chamber. At the bottom of the partition is an aperture, f, through which the liquid discharged from the perforations d, when the shaft and arms revolve, flows back into the chamber 0, so as to preserve the liquid in the two chambers at about the same level, nnlessthe pressure of the compressed air in the compartment B is sufficiently great to depress the liquid in its chamber, thus raising the level-of the liquid in the other chamber. The only points of communication between the two chambers are at f and d, all other parts of the partition a being' air and water-tight. In the upper part of the chamber B is the pipeg, through which the gas or air is conducted off in a continuous stream to anydesired point, and in the l'owerpart of the chamber is the pipe or cup It, through which the liquid is poured into the case. That cup also acts as a gauge, for the levelof the water or other'liquid in the pump cannot be higher than the top of the cup.

The operation of the machine is substantially as follows 2 It is first partialiy filled with the liquid to the extent permitted by the gaugecup, after which a suitable cap or covering is screwed down upon the cup. The

shaft and arms are now put in motion or revolved by simple power, such as spring-power or' weights. During the revolution of the arms their open ends dip into the liquid and take up a portion f r y causing the imprisoned air to be driven along through the cchvolutions of the tubes or chambers, until both the air and liquid reach the hollow shaft 0, through which they flow until they arrive at the perforations d, whence they are discharged into the chamber B. The air rises in the chamber and the liquid falls into the liquid below. The

liquid in the chamber thus forms a cushion or valve to prevent the air from returning to the other chamber,

while the continuous current of fluid issuing from the perforations d prevents'the reflux of the air or gas in that direction. The return of the air to the chamber 0 is thus absolutely cut off,- and as the revolution of the arms 6 discharges the air uninte'rruptedly in the chamber 13, a continuous current of the same will be forced out through the pipe g. The force of the current maybe varied-within certain limits by the velocity imparted to the arms, or by the comparative weight of the liquid ag'en t-.' A greater pressure, for instance, may be obtained by the employment of mercury, 01' other fluid heavier than water; on the other hand, liquids of less specific gravity than water, such as alcohol, tnrpentine,napl1tha., kerosene, and other hydrocarbons, may be employed. The air, when theliquid used in the machine is oneof the lastnamed, will be" impregnated with vapor and carburettcd, so that it may be used in most instances as gas, without requiring to be passed through another carburetting machine. I

The arrangement of the tubular arms I) is productive of great advantage. Their outer ends dip up in constant succession, as they revolve, the liquid, which is as constantly discharged from their inner ends through the shaft 0 into the chamber B in an unintermittent and steady stream. This is of great importance to the successful working of the machine, and causes the gas or air to be discharged from the pump in a current, which flows with more regularity and uniformity than inordinury machines, the pressure being nearly the same at all or gas.

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As above explained, the arrangement of the chambers is such that the liquid forms a cushion in the chamber B, which prevents the gas or air from passing back into the other chamber. But there results from this arrangement another advantage. The liquid in the case maintains an equilibrium between the pressure of the air in the chamber C and that of the compressed air or gas in the chamber B, so as to insure a uniform'and steady .flow of the latter to the burner or reservoinfor when the pressure of the gas or other fluid in the chamber 13 exceeds that of the air in the chamber C, it depresses the liquid and forces it into the latter chamber, so that the level of the liquid will stand higher in C than in B. Now, if the pressure he reduced, the liquid flows back from 0 into B, so as to exactly compensate for the decrease of pressure, thus maintaining it constantly at the samepoint, and steadying the flow of the air or gas whose current from the pump will be at all times uniform.

The combination of the tubular arms and-the two chambers 13 C, under the arrangement just described, producing as it does the advantages specified, presents a marked improvement over the ordinary means employed for like purposes, and renders the apparatus in every respect preferable to any others now in use. i

t is hardly necessary to state that although our apparatus is made with special reference to' its use for carburetting purposes, we propose also to employ it in any connection where the services of an air-pump may he needed. Any kind of power may be employed to operate the machine, but it is peculiarly adapted to be actuated by weight or spring-power, as there is but little friction to impede the revolution of the shaft and arms.

Having described our invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

An apparatus for compressing or forcing air, composed of the following elements combined:

1. A vessel or case divided into two compartments, communicating with each other at or near the bottom of the vessel.

2. A hollow shaft or arbor passing through the two compartments, having mounted upon one side of the dividing partition a series of convolute tubes, and provided on the other side with one or more perforations, the said shaft being connected with suitable mechanism for rotating it.

3. One or more suitable valves for the admission of air, and pipes for the discharge of the compressed air In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

E. A. POND, M. S. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses JAB. MERBELL, H. G. MEBRELL.

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