US6563327B1 - Test chamber - Google Patents

Test chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
US6563327B1
US6563327B1 US09/856,463 US85646301A US6563327B1 US 6563327 B1 US6563327 B1 US 6563327B1 US 85646301 A US85646301 A US 85646301A US 6563327 B1 US6563327 B1 US 6563327B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
test chamber
tent
chamber
wall
electromagnetic radiation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US09/856,463
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Franciscus Bernardus J. Leferink
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Thales Nederland BV
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Thales Nederland BV
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Assigned to HOLLANDSE SIGNAALAPPARATEN B.V. reassignment HOLLANDSE SIGNAALAPPARATEN B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEFERINK, FRANCISCUS BERNARDUS JOHANNES
Assigned to THALES NEDERLAND B.V. reassignment THALES NEDERLAND B.V. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HOLLANDSE SIGNAALAPPARATEN B.V.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
    • G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
    • G01R29/0821—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning rooms and test sites therefor, e.g. anechoic chambers, open field sites or TEM cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a test chamber in which objects to be tested can be exposed to an electromagnetic radiation field, or in which electromagnetic radiation emitted by objects to be tested can be measured, provided with means for coupling in/coupling out electromagnetic radiation and provided with means to distribute the electromagnetic radiation uniformly throughout the test chamber.
  • Test chambers of this type are known. They serve to verify the proper functioning of equipment exposed to a radiation field of predefined strength. Therefore, it is of importance to introduce a substantially uniform radiation field into the test chamber.
  • a known and approved embodiment realizes a uniform radiation field by radiating a defined radiation field into one side of the test chamber and by absorbing the radiation at an opposite side. This embodiment has the drawback that high power levels are required which, particularly in case of high frequencies, is extremely costly.
  • a further known and theoretically acceptable embodiment approximates a uniform radiation field by introducing a radiation field into a test chamber metallized on the inside and by subsequently creating an at least statistically uniform field by means of a stirrer. This method entails the drawback of being very time-consuming, because each measurement has to be averaged out during at least one stirrer revolution.
  • test chamber obviates this drawback to a significant extent and is characterized in that the test chamber possesses a reverberation chamber-geometry, that the test chamber walls are made of an electrically-conductive material, and that the means for the uniform distribution of the electromagnetic radiation are designed to move, in an operating mode, at least one part of a wall.
  • An advantageous embodiment according to an aspect of the invention that is relatively simple to realize is characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are designed to cause at least one part of a wall to vibrate.
  • An advantageous embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention is characterized in that the wall is made of a conductive fabric. This enables an apparatus to be field-tested with the test chamber built around the apparatus to be tested. This obviates the need to test the apparatus in a laboratory environment which causes a substantial reduction of expenses, since there are no cost arising from transportation or laboratory testing, the latter often requiring an environment comprising additional equipment, special-purpose cables, power supplies and the like.
  • an advantageous embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention is characterized in that the reverberation chamber is realized as a tent.
  • the conductive fabric can advantageously be provided with conductive slide fasteners, so that the tent can simply be set up around the apparatus to be tested. If required, it is possible to remove a part of the tent's lower edge, causing it to abut against a metal plate or foil, preferably placed underneath the apparatus to be tested.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a frame is provided within which the reverberation chamber can be suspended from the frame's corner joints.
  • This embodiment well-known in the field of tent constructions, entails the advantage that the test chamber does not require any supporting means.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the tent is provided with a connection for a pressure gas, for creating an overpressure in the tent. Also this embodiment, well-known in the field of tent constructions entails the advantage that the test chamber does not require any supporting means. Additional advantages in this respect are that the test chamber can be set up in a relatively short time and that the gas flow, usually air, ensures a good ventilation in the tent.
  • a further advantageous embodiment according to an aspect of the invention is characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are realized as a vibrator, in the operating mode attached to one of the tent's corner joints.
  • drive means are provided for actuating, in the operating mode, the vibrator at a frequency of 5-20 Hz.
  • FIG. 1 represents a first possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a second possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first possible embodiment of a test chamber 1 according to the invention, which test chamber 1 is realized as a tent made of woven aluminium fabric, which material is known to be an excellent reflector of electromagnetic radiation.
  • Test chamber 1 is attached to a metal frame 10 by means of straps 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 .
  • Test chamber 1 possesses a reverberation chamber-geometry, which means that i.e. no two walls are parallel, that at most one wall is placed perpendicular to another wall, that the average distances between two opposite tent walls vary and mutual multiples do not apply.
  • antenna 11 is connected to a tunable transmitter or receiver, which is sweeped very slowly while transmitting or receiving within a certain bandwidth.
  • tuning shall proceed so slowly that a sufficient statistical average value of the field is obtained.
  • conventional test chambers are provided with a field stirrer which makes at most one revolution per second and for which an integration time of at least one second should be taken. In the novel test chamber which vibrates at a frequency of approximately 10 Hz, the integration time can be reduced to approximately one tenth of a second which yields a considerable gain in time.
  • Test chamber 1 furthermore comprises a cable feed-through 14 and a slide fastener 15 made of a conductive material, which facilitates the installation of the apparatus 13 to be tested. Additionally, it may be advantageous to implement test chamber 1 with an opening (not shown) in the centre of the ground sheet. Apparatus 13 can first be positioned on a metal plate (not shown), after which test chamber 1 can be set up around apparatus 13 . To ensure a good contact between metal plate and aluminium ground sheet, several weights can be placed on the ground sheet near the opening.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention in which test chamber 1 is also realized as a tent made of woven aluminium fabric.
  • Test chamber 1 is provided with a hose 16 to be connected to an air pump 17 for causing the tent to stay in shape once it has been put up.
  • Test chamber 1 is provided with a vibrator 12 , on one side attached to one of the corner joints of test chamber 1 and on another side attached, via a connecting cable, to a reference point, e.g. a building or a pole.
  • test chamber 1 may be implemented with an opening in the centre of the ground sheet.
  • Apparatus 13 can first be positioned on a metal plate (not shown), after which test chamber 1 can be set up around apparatus 13 . Because in this embodiment, the connection between the tent fabric and the tent must be gastight to a certain extent, use can be made of conductive slide fasteners with one fastener element attached to the aluminium plate to interlock with the second fastener element around the opening in the ground sheet.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Physical Deposition Of Substances That Are Components Of Semiconductor Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A test chamber for measuring electromagnetic radiation emitted by an apparatus to be tested or for exposing an apparatus to be tested to an electromagnetic radiation field. The test chamber includes a reverberation chamber made of a conductive tent fabric. To create a statistically uniform field in the test chamber, the test chamber is partially set into a mechanical vibration, induced by a vibrator.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a test chamber in which objects to be tested can be exposed to an electromagnetic radiation field, or in which electromagnetic radiation emitted by objects to be tested can be measured, provided with means for coupling in/coupling out electromagnetic radiation and provided with means to distribute the electromagnetic radiation uniformly throughout the test chamber.
Test chambers of this type are known. They serve to verify the proper functioning of equipment exposed to a radiation field of predefined strength. Therefore, it is of importance to introduce a substantially uniform radiation field into the test chamber. A known and approved embodiment realizes a uniform radiation field by radiating a defined radiation field into one side of the test chamber and by absorbing the radiation at an opposite side. This embodiment has the drawback that high power levels are required which, particularly in case of high frequencies, is extremely costly. A further known and theoretically acceptable embodiment approximates a uniform radiation field by introducing a radiation field into a test chamber metallized on the inside and by subsequently creating an at least statistically uniform field by means of a stirrer. This method entails the drawback of being very time-consuming, because each measurement has to be averaged out during at least one stirrer revolution.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inventive test chamber obviates this drawback to a significant extent and is characterized in that the test chamber possesses a reverberation chamber-geometry, that the test chamber walls are made of an electrically-conductive material, and that the means for the uniform distribution of the electromagnetic radiation are designed to move, in an operating mode, at least one part of a wall.
An advantageous embodiment according to an aspect of the invention that is relatively simple to realize is characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are designed to cause at least one part of a wall to vibrate.
An advantageous embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention is characterized in that the wall is made of a conductive fabric. This enables an apparatus to be field-tested with the test chamber built around the apparatus to be tested. This obviates the need to test the apparatus in a laboratory environment which causes a substantial reduction of expenses, since there are no cost arising from transportation or laboratory testing, the latter often requiring an environment comprising additional equipment, special-purpose cables, power supplies and the like.
An advantageous embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention is characterized in that the reverberation chamber is realized as a tent. In this embodiment, the conductive fabric can advantageously be provided with conductive slide fasteners, so that the tent can simply be set up around the apparatus to be tested. If required, it is possible to remove a part of the tent's lower edge, causing it to abut against a metal plate or foil, preferably placed underneath the apparatus to be tested.
A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a frame is provided within which the reverberation chamber can be suspended from the frame's corner joints. This embodiment, well-known in the field of tent constructions, entails the advantage that the test chamber does not require any supporting means.
A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the tent is provided with a connection for a pressure gas, for creating an overpressure in the tent. Also this embodiment, well-known in the field of tent constructions entails the advantage that the test chamber does not require any supporting means. Additional advantages in this respect are that the test chamber can be set up in a relatively short time and that the gas flow, usually air, ensures a good ventilation in the tent.
A further advantageous embodiment according to an aspect of the invention is characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are realized as a vibrator, in the operating mode attached to one of the tent's corner joints. In an advantageous embodiment, drive means are provided for actuating, in the operating mode, the vibrator at a frequency of 5-20 Hz.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be explained in greater detail with referee to the following figures, of which:
FIG. 1 represents a first possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention;
FIG. 2 represents a second possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a first possible embodiment of a test chamber 1 according to the invention, which test chamber 1 is realized as a tent made of woven aluminium fabric, which material is known to be an excellent reflector of electromagnetic radiation. Test chamber 1 is attached to a metal frame 10 by means of straps 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Test chamber 1 possesses a reverberation chamber-geometry, which means that i.e. no two walls are parallel, that at most one wall is placed perpendicular to another wall, that the average distances between two opposite tent walls vary and mutual multiples do not apply. In this situation, no eigenmodes exist in test chamber 1, causing a substantially uniform distribution of the electromagnetic energy injected into test chamber 1 by means of a wideband antenna 11. Measurements, however, reveal that the electric field strength measured at a random point within test chamber 1 may vary significantly with the frequency as provided by antenna 11. Strap 2 is therefore provided with a vibrator 12, known in the art, which causes one of the corners of test chamber 1 to vibrate at a frequency of 10 Hz. These vibrations particularly serve to smooth out the sharp nulls present in the field which, from a statistical point of view, significantly improves the uniformity of the electric field strength.
To enable a measurement on an apparatus 13 placed in test chamber 1, antenna 11 is connected to a tunable transmitter or receiver, which is sweeped very slowly while transmitting or receiving within a certain bandwidth. In this respect it should be noted that tuning shall proceed so slowly that a sufficient statistical average value of the field is obtained. To this end, conventional test chambers are provided with a field stirrer which makes at most one revolution per second and for which an integration time of at least one second should be taken. In the novel test chamber which vibrates at a frequency of approximately 10 Hz, the integration time can be reduced to approximately one tenth of a second which yields a considerable gain in time.
Test chamber 1 furthermore comprises a cable feed-through 14 and a slide fastener 15 made of a conductive material, which facilitates the installation of the apparatus 13 to be tested. Additionally, it may be advantageous to implement test chamber 1 with an opening (not shown) in the centre of the ground sheet. Apparatus 13 can first be positioned on a metal plate (not shown), after which test chamber 1 can be set up around apparatus 13. To ensure a good contact between metal plate and aluminium ground sheet, several weights can be placed on the ground sheet near the opening.
FIG. 2 shows a second possible embodiment of a test chamber according to the invention in which test chamber 1 is also realized as a tent made of woven aluminium fabric. Test chamber 1 is provided with a hose 16 to be connected to an air pump 17 for causing the tent to stay in shape once it has been put up. Test chamber 1 is provided with a vibrator 12, on one side attached to one of the corner joints of test chamber 1 and on another side attached, via a connecting cable, to a reference point, e.g. a building or a pole.
Also in this embodiment, test chamber 1 may be implemented with an opening in the centre of the ground sheet. Apparatus 13 can first be positioned on a metal plate (not shown), after which test chamber 1 can be set up around apparatus 13. Because in this embodiment, the connection between the tent fabric and the tent must be gastight to a certain extent, use can be made of conductive slide fasteners with one fastener element attached to the aluminium plate to interlock with the second fastener element around the opening in the ground sheet.

Claims (14)

What is claimed is:
1. Test chamber in which objects to be tested can be exposed to an electromagnetic radiation field, or in which electromagnetic radiation emitted by objects to be tested can be measured, comprising means for coupling in/coupling out of electromagnetic radiation and means for distributing the electromagnetic radiation uniformly throughout the test chamber, wherein the test chamber possesses a reverberation chamber-geometry, wherein the test chamber walls are made of an electrically-conductive material, and wherein the means for the uniform distribution of the electromagnetic radiation are configured to move, in an operating mode, at least one part of a wall of the test chamber.
2. Test chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are designed to cause at least one part of a wall to vibrate.
3. Test chamber as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the wall is made of a conductive fabric.
4. Test chamber as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the reverberation chamber is realized as a tent.
5. Test chamber as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a frame is provided within which the reverberation chamber can be suspended from the frame's corner joints.
6. Test chamber as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the tent is provided with a connection for a pressure gas, for creating an overpressure in the tent.
7. Test chamber as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are realized as a vibrator, in the operating mode attached to one of the tent's corner joints.
8. Test chamber as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that drive means are provided for actuating, in the operating mode, the vibrator at a frequency of 5-20 Hz.
9. Test chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the wall is made of a conductive fabric.
10. Test chamber as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the reverberation chamber is realized as a tent.
11. Test chamber as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that a frame is provided within which the reverberation chamber can be suspended from the frame's corner joints.
12. Test chamber as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the tent is provided with a connection for a pressure gas, for creating an overpressure in the tent.
13. Test chamber as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the means for moving at least one part of a wall are realized as a vibrator, in the operating mode attached to one of the tent's corner joints.
14. Test chamber as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that drive means are provided for actuating, in the operating mode, the vibrator at a frequency of 5-20 Hz.
US09/856,463 1998-12-07 1999-11-26 Test chamber Expired - Lifetime US6563327B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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NL1010745A NL1010745C2 (en) 1998-12-07 1998-12-07 Test room.
NL1010745 1998-12-07
PCT/EP1999/009216 WO2000034795A1 (en) 1998-12-07 1999-11-26 Test chamber

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EP (1) EP1141733B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002532689A (en)
AT (1) ATE239921T1 (en)
AU (1) AU761981B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2352133C (en)
DE (1) DE69907739T2 (en)
IL (1) IL143030A (en)
NL (1) NL1010745C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000034795A1 (en)

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US20030008620A1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2003-01-09 Corbett Rowell Field test chamber arrangement
WO2005003795A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-13 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Testing radiation efficiency of an antenna
US20060174709A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-10 Hobbs Gregg K Vibration test module having controllable vibration attributes
WO2006135322A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Amc Centurion Ab Antenna efficiency measurement method and system therefore
US20080127756A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Horton Nathaniel T Electromagnetic testing of an enclosure or cavity using a discrete frequency stir method
US20090303141A1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2009-12-10 Eads France Reverberation chamber
US20100216409A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2010-08-26 Michael Foegelle Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US20110043222A1 (en) * 2009-05-27 2011-02-24 Thales Nederland B.V. Dual deformable reverberation chamber
US8022713B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2011-09-20 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Method for measuring antenna characteristics out operational frequency range of chamber
US20130303089A1 (en) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Apple Inc. Uplink and/or Downlink Testing of Wireless Devices in a Reverberation Chamber
US8854246B1 (en) * 2011-11-02 2014-10-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method of converting an electromagnetic anechoic test chamber to an electromagnetic reverberation test chamber
CN109613371A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-12 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Portable strong electromagnetic environmental simulation test platform and test method
US11506697B2 (en) 2018-08-14 2022-11-22 Bluetest Ab Measurement device for antenna systems
CN116879666A (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-10-13 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 High-intensity radiation field testing device for airborne equipment

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Cited By (22)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030008620A1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2003-01-09 Corbett Rowell Field test chamber arrangement
US7228105B2 (en) * 1999-10-28 2007-06-05 Integra Antennas Limited Field test chamber arrangement
WO2005003795A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-13 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Testing radiation efficiency of an antenna
US20060174709A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-10 Hobbs Gregg K Vibration test module having controllable vibration attributes
US7299698B2 (en) * 2005-02-10 2007-11-27 Hobbs Gregg K Vibration test module having controllable vibration attributes
WO2006135322A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Amc Centurion Ab Antenna efficiency measurement method and system therefore
US8655284B2 (en) * 2006-06-07 2014-02-18 Ets-Lindgren, Lp Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US20100216409A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2010-08-26 Michael Foegelle Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US20110275329A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2011-11-10 Michael Foegelle Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US8326229B2 (en) * 2006-06-07 2012-12-04 Ets Lindgren, L.P. Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US9179340B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2015-11-03 Ets-Lindgren, Lp Systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems
US20090303141A1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2009-12-10 Eads France Reverberation chamber
US8022713B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2011-09-20 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Method for measuring antenna characteristics out operational frequency range of chamber
US20080127756A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Horton Nathaniel T Electromagnetic testing of an enclosure or cavity using a discrete frequency stir method
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IL143030A (en) 2004-07-25
AU1860500A (en) 2000-06-26
IL143030A0 (en) 2002-04-21
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DE69907739T2 (en) 2004-04-01
AU761981B2 (en) 2003-06-12
DE69907739D1 (en) 2003-06-12
WO2000034795A1 (en) 2000-06-15
NL1010745C2 (en) 2000-06-08
CA2352133A1 (en) 2000-06-15
CA2352133C (en) 2009-10-27
JP2002532689A (en) 2002-10-02
EP1141733A1 (en) 2001-10-10

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