US655758A - Excavator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 655,758. Paten-ted Aug. I4, ma

-Ay E. 5, a. A.,CHENEY & a. w. ma.

EXCAVATOR. (Application filed July 2, 189s.)

(No Model.)

',ARTIIUR E. CHENEY, GEORGE A. CHENEY, ANDl GEORGE'lV. KING, OF

MARION, omo, `AssieNons .To THE IANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MARION STEAM SIIOYEL (JOM-V EXCAVATOR.

vSPIE!VCILE'ICAYI'ICN forming` part of Letters Patent No. 655,758, dated August 14;, '#1900, I

Application tiled July 2, 189B.

T0 all whom, it may concern.

Be it'known that we, ARTHUR E. CHENEY, GEORGE A. CHENEY, and GEORGE W. KING,

' of Marion, Marion county, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improve-k j Our invention relatesI to improvements in f excavators. v

The primaryv obyect of this invention is to y produce a powerful excavator and to avoid the employment of complicated machinery heretofore required in the swinging of the boom and in the movements of the'excavating-shovel.

With this object in view and tothe end of rendering the excavator simple, durable, and convenient the invention consists in certain meritorious features of construction and com- .binations of parts hereinafter described, and

pointed out in the claims. In the accompanying drawings, Figui-e1 is a side elevation ot' au excavator embodying our invention, and portions -are broken away and in section inthis figure toA more clearly show the consti-notion. Fig. II is a top plan of portions of the excavator. Fig. III is a central-longitudinal section of the hoisting-eyl inder. Fig. IIN' is a central longitudinal section of the cylinder employed in thrusting the shovel in and out, and Fig. Y ,is a transverse section of the last-mentioned cylinder and shows the connection of theshovel-arm to the said cylinder.

Referring tothe drawings, A designates the car orbodyportion of the excavator'. A horizontally-arranged turn-table B is supported from the'forward end of the body portion, and

the boom,tl1at comprises, preferably, two tim bers or beams (l t), arranged side by side, is

supported at its lower end from the turn-ta ble. The boom 4extends forwardly and up' wardiy from theturn-table and at its upper and forward end is supported from the upper end o an upright frame D,.that is supported in any-approved manner from the body por- Srisl No. 685,020. (No model.l

I tion. The connection between the said frame D and the boom comprises, preferably,I arod d, that has its forward end ,attached to the' boom in any approved manner and has its rear end connected tothe said frame D b a 'ehain- D', formed upon the upper end ofthe said frame. l

Edesignates the shovel of the excavator. The said shovel is provided in the usual manner with an arm E', that extends upwardly between the two timbers or-beains of the boom.

'rear side of the shovel-arm and at oi'near its nions G' G' arranged horizontally at opposite per side'of and supported from the different beains,respeetively,ofthe boom'. The shovelari'n-s connected with vbut'slidable endwise and independently of the cylinder, and lthe prises, preferably, an 4annular band ori-ing g, that is jonrnaled upontte cylinder above trunnions G'v and at the foijward side .of and adjacent to the cylinder provided with a lug;`

and longitudinallynof the shovel-arm.- Ring g is provided with two slide'way-forming. lreeesses y? g'2 at opposite sides, respectively, of the'inner end of member g', and the shovel-4 arni uponits rear side is provided with two g1 gi, respectively, and extending longitudinally of the arm and formed 'by plates or barsI secured to the4 arm in'any approved manner.'

near its lower end is provided with a project ing lug G2, to whichthe rod i of tthe piston usual manner. attached to the said bail, is instrumental in hoisting. the shovel, and the latter is lowered bygravity. Cable eis in the case illustrated a continuous cable, having oppositeends at .or iiange'g, that engages a slot E?, formed `'in loop fl', embracing a .vertical bearingA or pivot",

cent-raly portion'and externally has two'trun# fl 65\ sides, respectively, of the-cylinder at'the up- 'l ie shovel-arm upon its rear side and at'orl taehed to the shovel-bail at e andv 615,. respee tively. vCable e leads, for instance', the Y A cylinder G is arranged longitudinally ofthe e 7r connection between the arm and cylinder comslides EE E3, engaging the different slidewa'ys ll, that operates within and end\\\'ise.o:t.the

cylinder, is attached in any approved manner.'-

The shovel is provided with a bail E4 in the The hoistingfcable' c,.that is.

pointfe upwardly to and over a sheave e2, supported from the upper end of the boom. The ,said sheave is arranged vertically and longitudinally of the boom and the cable is thence guided rearwardly and downwardly along one side of the boom, and at one side of the sweep of the shovel-arm to and over a sheave e3, that is supported from the lowery end of the boom. Sheave e3 Vis arranged verticallyand longitudinally ,of the boom forward of the axis of the turn-table, and thehoisting-cable leadsvfrom the said sheave downwardly through the hollow or tubular bearing b of the turn-table to and in undera sheave e4,that is supported at the rear side of the tables axis from the forward end of the machines body portion'. Cable e leads from the sheave ef* rearwardly to and in under a 'sheave e5,that is arranged vertically and lon gitudinally of the machines body portion and supported from the outer end ofl the rod K of the piston K, that is arranged to operate within and-endwise of the steam-cylinder K2,

i l that in the case illustrated is supported from v-bleeleads forwardly from sheave e7, to and over an approximately horizontally arranged sheave e8, that is supported from the body portion below they rear portion oi the turntable, and thence the cable leads again rearwardly to andover the sheave e, that is supported Vfrom. the piston-rod K' and has its axis ,f coincident with the axes of the sheaves e5 and cil; and from the said sheave e9 the cable leads forwardly to andin under the sheave em, that is supported from the body portion and has its axis coincident with the axis of the sheave e6. The'cable leads from the sheave ew rear- Wardl)7 to and over the sheave e, that is supportcd from the piston-,rod K and has its axis coincident with the axes of the sheaves e5 e7 e, and from the sheave e thc cable leads forwardly to and in under the sheave en, that is supported from the body portion and has its axis coincident with the sheave e4, and thence the` cable leads upwardly through the bearing ofthe turn-table to and over the sheave c3, that is supported from the boom and has it-s axis coincident with the axis of the sheave e3. From thc sheave cl3 the cable leads'for- Wardly and upwardly along the other side ofthe boom and at the opposite side of the shovel-arms sweep to and over thel slieave el", that is supported l'rom thebooms upper end and has its axis coincident with the axis .of

the'sheave c?, and vfrom the latter the czlble i leads downwardly to the other point @15 of its attachment tothe shovel-bail. It will be observed, therefore, that the hoisting-cable--is provided at the body portion with a horizon? tally-arranged loop and two loops over'vert-i.

cal sheaves between the horizontal loop, that'V the closed end of the horizontal loop is eingaged by the approximatelyhorizontal-Iy arranged sheave e8,-.supported from the body portion below the turn-table, that the cable at the open end of the said horizontal loop leads over the two outer sheaves e7 e9 of thepiston-rod K', that the cable from the said piston-rod sheaves is carried forward to and in under the two vertical vsheaves e6 cw, that aresupported from the body portion near the 4 turn'table,'and that the cable frorn'the said sheaves e @10 Vis carried' again rearwardly, to A and over the two inner piston-rod sheaves e5 c, whence the cable is carried forwardly tov the upper end of the boom and thence downwardly to the shovel.

. We would here'remark that the two portions or sections'of the cable that extend over the boom are held apartto accommodate the location and operationot the shovelfarrn and attachments by two pairs of guide-sheaves arranged a suitable distance apart-one paireforwardly of the shovel-arms sweep, and the other pair e" rearwardly ot the -said sweep-and we would remark also that the said portions of thecable are caused to converge rearwardly in front of the Vertical guide-sheaves e3 and e13- at'the lower pivotal center of the boom bythe two sheaves e18 els,-

that`are supported from. the boom and en- IOO gage the outersides 'ot' the different cable-sections, respectively, and are arranged the short distance apart required'to eiect the' aforesaid convergence of the said cablesections. The said )cable-sections are caused to converge 4forwardly rearward of the vertical sheaves e2 e14 'upon the booms upper en'd by the two sheaves el em, that are supported from the boom and have the arrangement required to eiiect the last-mentioned conven gence in the said cable-sections. t

By the construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore described it is obvious that when-steam is admitted into the forward end 'of the steam-cylinder forward of the pisq ton withinl the said cylinder a pullorrdraft will be exerted upon the hoisting-cablein the direction required to hoist the shovel and raise the shovel'upwardly through the bank of material that is to be cut away or excavated. ing-cable accommodates the use of a cable of comparativelysmall diameter and enables the cable to operate very freely over the different' sheaves and does not in any wise interfere with thelocation and operation of the shovel-arm and attachments during the thrusting or endwise movements of the said 'ar-m. lhc sheave cs, that engages the closed end of the horizontal loop of -the hoisting-cable, operates as an egualizing- IIC The illustrated arrangement of hoisti sheave, in that it equalizcs thcstrair: upon xo draw the both ends of the cable. .It is obvious also that by regulating the amount of steam admitted'to the steam-cylinder the shovel can be hoisted through the bank of earth or other material being operated upon either rapidly .orslowly at the will of the opera-tor, and it is obvious also that when the steam is exhausted from theload end of the cylinder the gravity of the shovel will cause it to descend and piston into position ready for a new stroke.

L represents a valve-casing or steam-chestv that contains the valve Z, employed in establishing and interrupting communication between the chamber of the steam-cylinder and the steam-supply source. The valve-casing illustrated has four ports Z' Z2 Z3 Z4. ,Y Port Z at the top communicates with a-branch L ot' the'steam-supply ling the supply of steam pipe,lthat connects with the steam-dome or steam-space of a boiler, and is provided with a valve V for controlto the steam-cylinder. Port Z2 is formed in the .bottom o f .the valve-casing and communicates with the ex'- haust-pipe L2, and the remaining two ports Z3 Z4 are formed at opposite sides, respectively, of the exhaust-port, between the latter and the central portion of the casing. Port Z3 is connected by a pi pe'L3 with the steam-cylinders port K3, that connects with the forward end of the cylinder-s chamber, and the other port Z4 of the valve-casing is is of the oscillating variety and is operated in any approved manner, and the valves construction is such that it4 can establish open A relation between the exhaust-port and one of i der, and'the port K4,

Yis capable-of swinging the cylinder-connected ports of the valve-casing withoutinterrupting open ,relation between the other cylinder-connected port and steain-inlet-ot` the casing. l We would here remark that if the gravity of the excavatingeshovelfdoes not lower the shovel as rapidly as desired steam is admitted to the rear or exhaust end of thecylinformed in the last-mentioned end of the cylinder, is made small enough to serve the purpose of prevent-ing air'and steam from escaping too rapidly, so as to form a steam or air cushion in that end of the cylinder, and thereby prevent' an accident in case4 the shovel should slip from a piece of rock or boulder on which itrwas exerting a severe pull or in case the cable should break.

The. means employed for actuating the' shovel-arm longitudinally,`as required to thrust the shovel in and out, comprises the steam-cylinder G, that, 'as already indicated, with the said arfnin a vertical plane Alongitudinally of the boom. The piston H of the cylinder Gxh'as its lrod extending 'downwardly through the lowe llafl shovel-arm yambas already indicated, is iig;v

the cylinder to the inner end ot the .connect opposite ends,

connected by a pipe L4 with the cylinders port K4, that opensI into the rearor opposite end of the cylinders chamber. VThe valve within the valve-casing idly secured to a bracket or projection G2, that`is iixed to the rear side of the said end of the shovel-arm, and ofcourse the shovelarm is actuated'longitudinally in the one or -cylinder G as to render it (the arm) capable of movement laterally circumferentially of the cylinder. This lateral `or twisting motion of the shovel-arm relative to and around the cylinder is accommodated by the narrow space provided between each side of the shovel-arm and the inner side of the adjacent timber 'or beam of the boom. It will be observed, therefore, that the shovel-arm is narrower than the space between the two timbers or beams that principally compose the boom and that Athe lateral motion of the shovel-arm is limited bythe stop-forming inner sides ot' the said beams. The said lateral or twisting motion allows the shovel a limited degree of twist in theprocess of raising up through the bank without causing undue strain or twist to come upon the' shovelarm.

The cylinder G has two ports Gr3 G, that respectively, of the cylinders chamber with the chambers or ports of the different tru-unions, respectively, and t-wo pipes g3v g4 connect the dierent trunnion-portsi, respectively, with, the chamber of a valve-chest or valve-casing m. An' exhaust-pipe fnl? leads from the chamber ot' the valve-casing between the cylinder-connecting pipes g3 g4, and a branch m of the main steam-pipe connects with thecasings chamber opposite thelat-ters exhaust-outlet, and the valve m3 within the said valve-easing has the arrangement'and shape required to render it capable of placing the one or the other of the said cylinder-connecting pipes into open relation with the steam-pipe mand simultaneously establish open relation between thc remaining cylinder-connecting pipe and the exhaust-port. Valve mechanism or valvechests-for use in the operation of steam-cylinder-sare so well understood-that further description or reference to the same in this speciiication is deemed unnecessary. The pipes g3 and g4 are connected to the trunnions of the cylinder by means of swiveljoints of any suitable form `that will accommdatethe tilting of the cylinder with the shovel-arm during the hoisting and lowering of the shovel `without interrupting communi-v,

cation between the said pipe and the cylinders interior. The boom is revolved or swung laterally in the one direction bythe cable Rand is actu-v,

ated in the opposite Cable R is fastened the boom and, considered from aposition forwardof the machine, leads thence to the left and rearwardly to and over the guide-sheave is arranged .verticallyandlongitudidirection by the cable r.

to the 'turn-table belowl nally of the machine and .supported by thev free end of the rod Rgof the piston Rs, that is arranged to operate within and endwise of the steam-cylinder R4, that is arranged longitudinally of and supported from the machines body portion, and the cable leads from the saidsheave forwardly a suitable distance and -ha's its opposite end fixed to the body portion at Bf. The other boom-swinging cable r is fixed to the turn-table at one end below the boom and thence leads to the right and rearwardly to the body portions rear end, where ,it leads over a rhorizontally-arranged sheave' r2, that is suitably supported from the body portion, and thence the cabl'e leads leftwardly to the body portions opposite side, Where it leads over a horizontally-arranged sheave r3, that is suitably supported from the body portion, and thence the cable leads forwardly to and over the guide-sheave r1, that is arranged vertically and longitudinally of the body portion and supported from the rear or free end of the rearwardly-extending rod 'T5 of the piston within the cylinder, and from the said sheave r4 the cable leads rearwardly a suitable distance and has its opposite end fixed at r to the body portion. It 'will be observed, therefore, that the boom-swinging apparatus comprises 'a cylinder, a' piston operated by fluid under pressure within the cylinder and having two rods extending through opposite ends, respectively, of the cylinder, and-suitable operative connection between the outer ends of the piston-rods and the boom.

The valve mechanism and passage-ways for `supplying the steam or vfluid under pressure to opposite ends of the cylinder Rialternately and for exhausting from one end of the cylvss ind'er while pressure is. supplied to the cylinders opposite end `is substantially the same as that described in connection with the endwise shifting of` the shovel-arm and with the hoisting'and lowering of the shovel, and it is obvious that the boom is swung in the one direction or the other according as the steam under pressure is admitted into .the oncor the other end of the cylinder R4.

, The apparatus foi-,propelling the car Yorr body portion along the track il, upon which it is mounted, involves a comparatively-small engine supported from the body portion and com risiny yiu ri... teh aiotheui t gai 'fhto linl 1` cs t wheels Q1" engage the track l.

lAgain referring to the shovel-thrusting appara-tus, we would rcmarkthat the extennon or' the cylinder e 'through the boom as! actuation of the piston in the one direction;

o f a iiuid-pressure-supplysource; two passage-ways connected with the said source and in open relation with opposite ends, respectively, of the cylinder, and the passage-way communicating with the cylinders hoistingpressure-receiving end having a capacity of fluid transmission greater than the other pas sage-way; an exhaust-outlet, and valve mech- 'anism arranged and operating to establish and interrupt the pressure-supply through each cylinder-connectin g passage-way alternately, and to connect the exhaust-outlet with one of the cylinder-connectin g passage-ways while it establishes open relation betwethe'le' cylinderconnecting ,passage way and the pressure-supply source, substantiallyas set forth. v f

2. In an excavator, the combinationof'the boom; the excavating-shovel; a cylinder; a suitably-actuated piston within the cylinder;

the piston-rod bearing two sheaves; an equalizing sheave supported at an' equal or approximately-equal distance from both pistonsheaves, and the hoisting-cable loopedaround the eqn alizing-sheave from the'piston-sheaves and leading around the piston-sheaves to and being suitably guided over the boom and op- IOO eratively connectedI with the excavatingshovel7 substantially as set forth. y

,I 3. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; the excavating-shovel; a suitably-actuated reciprocating rod; four sheavesec, el,

efand e .supported from the said rod; the equalizing-sheave ethe pair of guide-sheaves c" 10, and the hoisting-cable c engaging allof the said sheaves, and guided along the boom and operatively connected with the'shovel, all arranged and operating, substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

4. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; the excavating-shovel; a cylinder; a

suitably-actuated piston within the cylinder; the piston-rod; the four parallel sheaves c5, el, c and e supported from ythe piston-rod; I

the equalizing-sheavocs supported an equal or approximately-equal ldistance from both outer piston-sheaves; two guide-sheaves c el" supported an equaldistance,orapproximately equal distance, from the dierent inner piston-sheaves, respectively, and a continuous hoisting-cable having itsopposite ends oper-- ceases atively connected with the cxcavating-shovel jandleading from each end to and being suitably guided alongthe boom andv thence leadlng to and engagin gall ol the aforesaid sheaves in the manner substantially as shown, for'the purpose specified.

5. VInan excavator, the combination of the l body`portion; the laterally-swinging boom supported from the forward end of the body portion, and comprising two beams extending upwardly and'outwardly from the body por tion, and arranged far enough apart to accommodate the movements of the shovelarm between them; "the excavating-shovelA having its arm extending between the aforesaid beams and'suitably connected with and movable endwise and lcapable of tilting independently of the boom; the two guide-sheaves supported'from the booms upper end; the y hoisting-cable sections operativelyconnected with the excavating-shovel and thence leading upwardly to and over the different sheaves, respectively, and thence leading rearwardly' and suitably guided along opposite sides, re-

spectively, of the shovel-arms sweep into engagement with-the guide-sheaves at the lower endof the'boom, and means for pulling upon the said oable-sections in the direction required to hoist the shovel, substantially as -set forth.

6. In an excavator, the combination of the b'oom comprising two beams arranged far enough apart to accom modate the movements of the shovel-arm between them; the excavating-shovelhavingits arm extending be tween the aforesaid beamsand suitably conneeted withand movable endwise and capable of tilting independently of the eoom; two ggide-sheaves supported from the booms forward end and arranged vertically and longitudinally of the boom and a suitable distance apart; two other'guide-sheaves arranged vertically and\\longitudinally of the boom and supported a suitable distance apart at the rear end of the boom; the hoisting-cable sections operatively connected with the excavating-shovel, thence leading upwardly to and over the different forward' sheaves, respectively, and thence to and engaging the diierent rear sheaves, respectively; means for,

pulling. upon the said cable-sections in the direction required to hoist gthe shovel; two cable-spreading sheaves supported from the boom at the forward side of the shovel-arms sweep, and arranged between and in position to spread apartI the cable-sections; another pair of sheaves supported from the boom beA tween the said spreading-sheavesand the booms forward guide-sheaves and arranged tocause the cable-sections to converge in the direction of the last-mentioned sheaves from the saidspreading-sheaves; another pair of spreadingsheavcs supported from the boom at the rear side of theshovel-arms sweep and arranged between and in position to spread apart the cable-se ctions, and another pair of sheaves supported from the boom at the outer at the bqtims rear end. and close enough together to cause .the cable-sections to converge in the direction of the last-mentioned sheaves, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth. 7. In an excavator, the combination o'f the boom; a cylindrical member journaled upon and transversely of the boom;4 a ring or annular band embracing and turnable upon the journaled cylindrical member; the excavating-shovel having its arm arranged longitudinally of the said journaled cylindric'aimember and connected with and slidable longitudinally and independently .of the aforesaid turnable ring or band, and means for limiting the circumferential movement of. the afore said band or ring, substantially as settforth. 8. In an excavator, the combination of the boom comprising two beams arranged far en'oughapart to accommodate the movements of the shovel-arm between them.; a cylindrical member journaled upon and transversely ofthe boom; a ring or annular band embracing and turnable upon the journaled cylindrical member; the excavating-shovel having its arm extending between the boombeams and connectedl with, and slidable longitudinally and independently of, the aforesaid turnable ring orband, and means for lim iting the circumferential movement of' the. aforesaid annular band or ring, substantially asset forth. Y

9: In an excavator, the combination of the boom comprising two beams arranged far enough apart to accommodate the movements of the shovel-arm between them; the excavating-shovel having its armA extending be tween the aforesaid beams and less ,in dimension, transversely of the boom, than the space between thesaid beams; a cylindrical member journaled transversely of and supported from the boom an annularband or ring embracing and turnable upon the journaled cylindrical member, and Asuch a connection between the said ring and the shovel-army as will hold the latter to the ring without interfering with the endwise movement of the shovel-arm independently of the ring, substantially as set forth.

lO. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; au upright member journaled transversely ofando supported from the boom; a slideway formed upon a member embracing and turnable upon the said upright member, and the shovel having an arm provided with Va slide engaging the said slideway and extend- Aing longitudinally of the arm, substantially as set forth.

ll. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; a member journaled transversely ofand supportedfrom the boom; two 4par'allel slideways formed,V a suitable distance apart, upon a laterally-turnablc member embracing the said journaled member; the shovel having an arm provided with slides engaging the IIO 1 Y of? the arm, and means for limiting the movement of the arm circumferentially of the aforefA said journ aled member, suhstantiaily4 as said slideways and extending iongitudinally shown, for the purpose specified.

l2. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; a member journaled transversely'of vand supported from the boom; the e-Xcavating-shovel having an arm slotted longitudinallyupon its back side; a member supported and 'turnable upon the said journaled memher and having a flange or lug engaging the I, arms slot and two slideWay-forming recesses at opposite sides, respectively,vof the lug or flange, and slides formed'upon and extending longitudinally of the shovel-arm and engaging the said recesses, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. i 13. In an excavator, the combination of the boom; aeylinder that has trunnions arranged transversely of and supported from the boom and 'being tubular, and has. a piston inter'- nally, and two passage-Ways,connecting the chambers of the different trunnions, respectively,.with opposite ends, respectively,of the eylinders chamber at opposite ends, re-

spectively, of the pistons travel; the pistonrod; the suitably-hoistedA shovel attached to the said rod, and the vfluid-pressuresource,

ARTHUR CHENEY. GEORGE A. CHENEY.

GEORGE W. KING.

- Witnesses: i

W WADDELL, F. II. KING.

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