US653166A - Open bunsen burner. - Google Patents

Description

nu mm 1 wm. m L B Mn N0. 653,|66. Patented lul'y 3', i900.

H. B. CARY. OPEN BUNSEN BURNER.

(Application Bled May 1, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

NoModel.)

Wxesse Mmmm Burriana,

No. 653,!66. Patented lkuly 3, |900.

H. B. CARY.

OPEN BUNSEN BURNER.

(Application led May 1, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY BOUNDS CARY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK W. BRAUN, OF SAME PLACE.

OPEN BUNSEN BURNER.

srEcIFIcATIoN forming par@ of Letters Patent No. 653,166, dated July e, 190e.

Application filed May 1,1899.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,' HENRY BoUNDs CARY, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of Oalifornia,have invented a new and useful Improvement inOpen Bunsen Burners, of which the following is a specirlication.

My invention relates to that class of gasburners known as Bunsen burners and which have a mixingftube open at both ends and arranged to receive a centrally-injected jet of gas or hyrocarbon vapor therein to mix with the entrained air drawn into the tube by the gas or vapor jet. Burners of this class are supplied with gas or vapor under pressure, and the jet of gas or hydrocarbon vapor centrally injected into the burner entrains and carries with it air to mix with the gas or hydro` carbon vapor to make a great heat-producing but non-luminous llame.

An object of my invention is to provide means in an open Bunsen burner to thoroughly and completely-incorporate and mingle the gas or vapor and entrained air inside the chamber, so that no air or gas (or vapor) escapes therefrom unmixed, and to also provide a burner which will hav e no boring effect with its flame and which will burn with a soft flame as distinguished from a blast or blowpipe llame, but which will give aheat of the highest intensity which can be produced with hydrocarbon gas or vapor.

I propose by this invention to dilute with atmospheric air the hydrocarbon gas or vapor to such a degree that when ignited the carbon will be perfectly consumed, thereby eliminating from the resultant tlame all luminous qualities and resolving all the energy of the combustible gases-i. c., hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen-into the form of sensible heat.

In carrying out this invention it is necessary to adjust the parts somewhat differently when the llame is to be used in the open air than when it-is to be used in a closed furnace, for the reason that when the flame is used in the open the atmospheric air which has access to the mixture issuing from the mixer will increase the dilution of the hydrocarbon vapor or gas. It therecie becomes necessary to s`o arrange the burner which is to be used in the open that the mixture when it issues from the mixingtube into the open atmos- Serial No. 715,237, (.No model.)

phere will not be so highly diluted as it should be in cases where the mixture issues from such tube into a closed f urnace-su ch ,for instance, as an assayers furnace. If the highly-diluted mixture which is required for the greatest efficiency in furnace use is allowed to issue into the open air, the further dilution of the mixture by the surrounding atmosphere will produce a mixture which will not ignite at the temperatures attainable in the open air.

A further object of my invention is to provide an open Bunsen burner of great power which will supply thoroughly-mingled air and gas which will burn with an even unvarying force, the combustion of the gases from the burner being carried on continuously and evenly.

My inventionI comprises an Aopen Bunsen burner provided with an expansion and mingling chamber having at one end an inwardlytapering conical intake member or funnel arranged inside the mingling-chamber and fitting the outer end thereof and at the other end of the chamber a contracted outlet from such chamber. The jet-piece is arranged to direct the jet of gas axially through the fun nel into the min gling-chamber and is arranged at such a distance from the other parts of the burner that the expanded jet at the smaller end of the funnel will be of a cross-section substantially the same as the cross-section of the smaller end of the funnel, and the further extension of the'same inside the tube will strike the walls of the tube between the inwardly-projecting ring and the end of the funnel.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure l is a longitudinal mid-section of my newly-invented burner as applied to an assayers furnace. Fig. 2 is alike cross-section showing the inwardly-projecting ring located at a point nearer the contracted intake member. Fig. 3 is an end View of the burner viewed from the right of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a plan section on line 4 1l, Fig. 5, of the form of burnershown in Fig. l. Fig. 5 is an irregular section on line 5 5, Fig. 4.

A indicates the tube or body of the burner,

within which is an expansion and mingling vchamber a.

B indicates an inwardly-tapering injector funnel, the larger end of which fits and closes the outer end ofthe tube or tubular body Ay of the burner, and the tube A is provided at the other end with an inwardlyprojecting side, being at right angles to the axis of the tube.4v

Findicat-es the ordinary heating-chamber or retortl for the gas which is supplied to the jet-piece E' through the pipe f.

Inrthe drawings the strairht lines leading `fromthe jet-piece indicate the gas and the arrows indicate the enti-ained air.

In practice the ring retards the discharge of gas from the tube, so that when the gas and intrained air enter the chamber a, their velocity is checked and they immediately expandandcirculate,asindicated,substantially, bythe lines and arrows in the min gling-chamber;"but the force of the jet pushes the body of mingled air and gas forward toward the ring Cf nally in a thoroughly-mixed body,

asindicated in the drawings by the dots. The oncavityv of the ring tends to direct the mix- Qureinward toward the center, across the outlet through therin g, and thus retards the free passage of the gases from the mingling-chamberv sufficiently to aord a back pressure or cushioning action to receive the impact of the jet,'so. that the discharge of gas from the tubeisfproduced by the pressure within the f tube,l and when the mingled air and gas have passed/the ring they are completely amalgam-ated into a gas which ready Sor cornbustion without the addition of any more air and-which will expand and burn immediately after-passing the ring.

rlhe lburner shown is designed to be used with '-gasolene or gas, which is supplied to the retort F by pipe G.

,H indicates a fragment of an assayers furnace.

In practice I have discovered that such a explosive gas can be produced by placing the retard-ing-ring...C atthe proper' point in the chamber. By vlocatin g the ring C closer to the contracted opening b, as shown in Fig. 2, the amount offair mingled with the gas is reduced and the resultantmixture will burn in the open air; but by locating the ring farther away fromthe contracted mouth b the amount of air mingled with the gas is increased, and I have thereby produced a mixture so high 4in "oxygen that it will not burn in the open airy but when; projected into a closed furnace,

such as an assayers furnace, the mixture will burn-with an intense iiame without smoke or odor, and I have been able to smelt cast-iron and steel readily and in a short time with a comparatively-small expenditure of fuel.

y I t is to be understood that the operation of this open Bunsen burner is to first project gases and entrained air into an expansion and mingling chamber, retard the escape therefrom, and ignite the gases immediately upon their escape from the chamber.

In Fig. 2 I have Shown the inwardly-projecting ring locatedat a nearer point to the intake member than'in Fig. l. This shortening of the mingling-chamber lessens the amount of air taken in, and therefore the gas is richer in hydrocarbons and will burn in the open air, while the form shown in Fig. l takes in such a quantity of air that the mixture becomes so high in oxygen that it will not burn in the open air; but its combustion produces an intense heat when it is projected into a chamber, as indicated. It will be seen, therefore, that my invention provides an actual and positive control of the proportions of 'air and gas, so that a flame of any desired inten-v sity of heat may be obtained.

After the mixture of gas and air has passedthe ring or collar C it immediately expands and burns. No ignition occurs inside the mixing-chamber.

In' the form shown in Fig. 2 the gases burn partly inside the tube-that is, as far back as vthe ring-face. f

Now, having described my inv'entiomjwhat- I claim as new, and desire to secu re by Letters Patent, is

1. An open Bunsen burner comprising a tube provided at one end with an inwardiytapering injector-funnel, and at the other endy with an inwardly-projecting collar.; an expanding and mingling chamber being formed in the tube between the inwardly-projecting funnel and the collar; and a gas-jet piece to` discharge a jet into the injector-funnel.;

2. An open Bunsen burner comprising a tube provided at one end with an *inwardlytapering injector-funnel and at the other end with an inwardly-projecting concave collar.;

and a gas-jet piece to discharge a jet into the i the conical intake member.

HENRY BOUNDS CARY. Witnesses:

r F. MnTowNsEND,

J AMES4 R.V TowNsEND.

IIC

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