US649649A

US649649A - Paper-binder.

Info

Publication number: US649649A
Application number: US62951997A
Authority: US
Inventors: Christian H Stoelting
Original assignee: WILLIAM A VAWTER
Current assignee: WILLIAM A VAWTER
Priority date: 1897-03-27
Filing date: 1897-03-27
Publication date: 1900-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 1917-05-15

Description

No. 649,649. Patented May I5, |900. C. H. STELTING.

PAPER BINDER.

(Application Bled. Max. 27,' 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

Insee-...me

No. 649,649. Patented may l5, |900. c. H. sToELTma.

PAPER BINDER.

(Application Bled Har. 27, 1897.)

f` Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 649,649. l Patented May I5, |900. C. H. STOELTING.

PAPER BINDER.

(Application led Mar. 27, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3l l Fay (No Model.)

Patented May l5, moo. c. H. sToELTlNG.

PAPER BINDER.

(Application led Mar. 27, 1897. l

v4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

ms viren: auf. moouwcf. wAsH rrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

(lllllS'NAN il. S'iOFfL'lING, OF CIICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 IVILTJAM A.

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PAPER-BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 649,649, dated May 15, 1900.`

Application tiled March 27,1397- Be it known that l, CHRISTIAN II. STOEL- TING, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certa-in new and useful Improvements in Paper-Binders; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in loose-leaf binders of that class comprising two lids or covers detachably locked together'at one edge thereof and between which are adapted to be temporarily secured a plurality of sheets of paper by means of impaling pins orposts attached to the covers near their locking edges, said posts being adapted to pass through bearing-apertures in the adjacent edges of the sheets.

The invention relates more especially to an improved means for locking the covers together and for securing the sheets between the same so that they will be irmly held in position when the covers are locked upon the same, but which may be removed therefrom without the necessity of detaching the covers from each other. The invention relates also to an improved hinge in said covers whereby the same may be opened, so that the sheets or leaves forming the book thereby made may be opened dat, so as to be used to the best possible advantage.

Binders of this character are especially adapted for use in books of account, such as ledgers, as a sheet or sheets containing any particular account may be removed from the book when the account is closed or at any other time without disturbing the remaining sheets therein. In this way only current accounts need be kept in the ledger which is in daily use, the sheets containing the closed accounts being filed away in a similar binder or elsewhere, as desired. It will be understood, however, that the binder herein described may be used for any other purpose wherein it is desired to temporarily bind a plurality of sheets together, so that each may be easily and quickly removed therefrom Serial No. 6295519. (No model.)

without the necessity of disturbing the rc'- maining sheets.

The invention consists in the matters hercinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings illustrating one embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a perspective View of a temporary binder embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a view of the same with a portion of the leaves removed, showing the covers in their open position. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the rear portion of the bottom cover. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the rear portion of the top cover, showing the outer lock-plate. Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the means by which the locking mechanism is actuated. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of the locking-post, showing the details of the locking mechanism. Fig. 7 is a cross-section taken on line 7 7 of Fig. 6. Fig. S is a longitudinal verticalsection of the locking-post, taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 6, with the covers attached thereto, showing the manner of attaching the same at each end to the covers. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of one of the impaling-posts, showing also the manner of attaching the same to the cover, broken at the middle. Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken on line 10 10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a detailshowing the construction ofthe hinge in the covers. Fig. 12 shows the parts of the locking-post separated from each other. Fig. 13 is a similar detail view of one of the impaling-posts. Fig. 14 shows in plan View the rear edge of a sheet of paper to be hound in said binder. Fig. 15 is a similar View of a modified form of sheet. Fig. 1G is a crosssection taken on line 16 16 of Fig. 9. Fig. 17 is a cross-section taken on line 17 17 of Fig. (i. Fig. 18 illustrates a modified form of actuating means for the locking device. Fig. 19 shows still another form of said actuating means. adapted to inclose the rear portion ot the book. Fig. 2l is a section taken on line 2l 21 of Fig.v 20.

A binder embodying my invention consists generally of an upper and lower lid or cover A and B, respectively, of suitable size and shape to cover the papers to be bound. Such Fig. 20 shows a telescoping back IOO ,locked relation.

covers are preferably made of sti pasteboard to give irmness thereto and will be bound in any preferred manner to protect and to give finish to the same.

O designates the several sheets of paper Which are to be bound between the covers. A land B. Said sheets are herein shown'as secured between said covers by means of impaling-posts D D, which pass through bearing-apertures C O in the edges of the sheets adjacent thereto. Said impaling-posts are herein shown as being made of two parts or sections, .the outer ends thereof being attached tothe upper and lower covers, respectively, and the inner ends being adapted to have sliding engagement with each other. Any suitable means for locking the covers rigidly together and upon the sheets of paper ,contained between them may be employed. That herein shown consists of a locking-post E, made up of two parts or sections, like the impaling-post D just described. Said sections are rigidly attached at their outer endsto the upper and lower covers and have sliding engagement at their linner ends, like the impaling-posts above mentioned. One of said sections is provided with a suitable locking mechanism, which is adapted to have locking engagement with the other section, and such locking mechanism is so arranged that the parts will be automatically locked together when moved upon each other. One part of the locking mechanism carried by one of the sections is made movable, so that it' may be moved into and out of engagement with the locking mechanism carried by the rother section by means of a suitable key. When the parts are unlocked, the covers will vbel free to move away from each other.

movable parts of the lock will desirably be spring-actuated, so that the two parts of the sections will normally be maintained in their With this construction the sections will be automatically locked together when moved upon eachother and can only bel unlocked and moved from each other by the use of a key, thereby rendering it impossible for unauthorized persons to remove a sheet of paper from the binder. In order that the sheets of paper io be bound between kthe covers may be inserted without the ne-v cessity yof detaching the covers from each other, each sheet is provided with slits c 0,'

extending rearwardly from the bearing-apertures O O to the adjacent margin of the sheet, bymeans of which said sheets may be inserted laterally in place, the impaling-posts passing through said slits to the apertures 20" O. When the covers are pressed closely upon the sheets and locked in such position, it will be impossible to remove said sheets, owing to the frictional contact between the same and the covers. 1 Vhen it is desired, however, to rem ove a sheet, the locking mechansm will be released and the covers moved away from each other. y sheets maybe easily removed by pulling them Said At such time the outwardly away from the posts. It will be' desirable that the covers may be moved automatically away from each other when the locking mechanism is released, and to this end a suitable spring F will desirably be inserted within each of the impaling-posts, so that the covers will be moved away from each other by the expansive force of said springs. The post E, containing the locking mechanism, is necessarily wider than the i mpaling-postsD D, and an elongated slot c is formed in the sheets O, between the bearing-apertures O O,within which said post rests. Said slot c will desirably be of a uniform width throughout its length and will extend to the outer margin of the sheet. This is a desirable arrangement of the slot c', as it aiords a guide for the sheet when it is being inserted in place, so that particular attention need not be given to the slits of the apertures O O when said sheet is being inserted. The post E is of uniform width throughout its length and aids to hold the sheets O in place in the binder. Said covers A and B are provided at their rear edges with narrow rigid clamping-bars AB, to which the impaling and locking posts are rigidly attached and' between which the sheets of paper Oare bound at one edge. Said bars comprise metallic straps A2 B2, approximately equal in length to the width of the cover. Said straps are bent laterally upon themselves in U form and when so bent are of a width equal to the width of the finished bars A B', and the curved parts of the same are herein shown placed on the inner edge of the bars adjacent to the swinging parts of the covers. Said straps A2 B2 will preferably be made of brass; but any other suitable material may be used, as desired. Between the arms of the U- shaped straps are placed metal lling-plates A3 B3 of such thickness as to closely lit upon bot-h members of said straps, and thereby give rigidity to thesame. Outside of said straps A2 B2 are placed strips of cardboard or the like A4 B4, which serve to fill out the said bars and IOO give them inish and also te provide a more yielding surface at such point. After the bars have been made, as described, they will be covered with a suitable binding A5 B5, of leather or the like, to give proper finish to the same. about the outer facesand edges of the clamping-bars and be folded together upon the inner edges thereof. In order to securely bind the free edges of said leather Ai B5 upon lthe inner surfaces of the bars A B', metallic binding-plates A6 'Bi are secured upon said inner faces of the bars over the meeting edges of the binding by means of securing-screws a l). Said securing-screws will preferably be extended through the filling-plates A3 B3 and into the inner arm of the U-shaped strap beyond the same and when so inserted will serve to rigidly bind said parts together and make said clamping-bars more rigid as a whole.

Said leather covering will be wrapped j that the edges thereof sink into the leather or other binding when in place, and thus effectually prevent the binding from slipping. It will be understood that the binding will be secured upon the clamping-bars by paste or the like, as usual; but such binding-plate serves to additionally secure such binding in place. A hinge is provided between said clampingbars A' B and the swinging parts of the covers. In the instance shown rods A7 B7 are placed in the curved parts of the U-shaped straps and rods A8 BS are similarly placed in the adjacent edge of the cover. Links A9 B2, provided with bearing-apertures on each end thereof, are adapted to engage said rods and to thereby form double-jointed hinges about which the movable portions of the covers A and B may be swung. Said links are each herein shown as provided with a square shoulder at the end thereof adjacent the swinging covers, which is adapted to engage opposing shoulders on the cover and to thereby form a stop by means of which movement of the cover relative to said link is limited when in the position shown in Fig. 2. A similar shoulder may be formed on the corresponding corner of the other end of said links, which may engage a suitable shoulder formed on the adjacent clamping-bars, or said shoulder may be formed by the outer edge of the link, which will engage a stop or shoulder when the cover is in the position shown in said Fig. 2. Vith such a construc- `tion the cover will be rigid and will form a support for the leaves or sheets forming the book when in their open position.

As shown in Fig. 2, the hinged portions of the covers A and l maybe swung backwardly at an acute angle to the clamping-bars, so that the book formed thereby may be opened flat and the leaves thereof used to the best advantage. Said swinging portions of the covers Aand YI3 are constructed mainly of stiff pasteboard; but in order to afford a fastening for the rods AS B8 U-shaped straps A10 B1, similar to those shown in the clamping-bars A are secured in the rear edges of the swinging portions of the said covers, as shown in Figs. 3 and ll. Obviously, however, said straps A10 Bw need not extend the full width of the covers, but each cover may be provided with two shorter straps adjacent to the hinge. Neither will it be essential that the pivot-rods AT AS l17 lis extend the full width of the cover.

The iinpaling-posts are of novel construction and are made as follows: Each post, as before stated, is made of two tubular parts or sections D' D2, said section D being attached at its outer end to the inner side of the upper clamping-bar A and the section D2 being similarly attached to the inner side of the lower clamping-bar B'. Said section D is herein shown as being made of less external diameter than the internal diameter of the section D2 and adapted to telescope upon said section D2and is provided with a slightlytapered end, so that it may be readily inserted into the tubular interior of said lower section D2. In order to provide a wider bearing for the sheets of paper to be bound within the binder and also to provide a uniform width of bearing throughout the length of the impalingpost, so that the sheets of paper will be held firmly in place with either end of the telescopic section, the sections D' D2 are herein shown as each provided with a half sleeve-section D2D4, respectively, each of a length equal to the length of the section to which it is attached and located on opposite sides of said sections. Said half sleeve-sections D3 D4 each form a half-section having radii of equal lengths that when so secured to the post-sections and the parts are telescoped together, as shown in Figs. l, 9, and 10, the two sleeve-sections form a com plete circle around the telescoping postsections D D2, and therefore form a uniform bearing for the sheets of paper throughout the length of the post, as Well as increasing the bearing-surface thereof. As the post-section D2 in each of the impaling-posts is herein shown as inclosing the section D', it will obviously be necessary to provide a sufficient space between said section D and the attached sleeve-section D3 wit-hin which the adjacent half of the post-section D2 may rest and slide. Thisisconvenientlyaccomplished by placing a short tubular plug d around the base of the post D', the gage of which is equal to the gage of the tubular post-section D2. Said tubular plug d will be of such length as to form a shoulder against which the inner end of the post-section D2. abuts when said section is at the inner limit of its movement. Said plug is shown as extending entirely around the base of the section D. As the half sleeve-section D'L and the wall of the post-scction D2, to which it is attached, pass entirely outside of the post-section D, said sleeve-section Dl will lie closely upon said post-section and will preferably be soldered thereto, as illustrated in Figs. 9 and l0. The inner end of said post-section, as before stated, will abut against the shoulder formed by the annular filling-plug d when at the inner limit of its movement; but on the side thereof adjacent to the sleeve-section D4 said shoulder will be of less width than the combined thickness of said post-section and the half sleeve-section D4. An additional bearing-surface for the inner end of the sleeve-section D4 will therefore need to be provided. Said bearing surface or shoulder might obviously be formed on the adjacent part of the U-shaped strap A2; but a much simpler construction is shown in Figs. S) and 13, wherein the half sleeve-section D2 is provided on the opposite side of the postsection D with an integral short half-circular base d, forming, with the adjacent part of the half sleeve-section, a complete circle having a radins equal to the radius of said half sleevesection and which completely surrounds and fits closely upon the outside of the tubular plug d. Said base d is equal in length to the length of said plug and forms therewith a IOO IIO

4 allgem shoulder against which the ends of the postsection D2 and half sleeve-section D4 abut when at the inner limit of their movement. With this construction the aperture within which the post-section is secured will be of circular form and may be made with an ordinary drill. A similar shoulder d2 is formed at the base of the sleeve-section D4, against which the sleeve-section D3 rests when at the inward limit of its movement. As before stated, the post-sections D' D2 are rigidly secured to the clam pin g-bars A BQ respectively. In the present instance an aperture is provided on the inner surface of each of said bars, which extends inwardly through the U -shaped straps A2 B2 and filling-plates A2 B3 and rests with its extreme ends flush with the opposite surface ofsaid U-shaped straps. Preferably a filling-plugcFis inserted into lthe outer ends of the tubular post-sections, so as to make a firmer construction at this point and to form a suitable support for one en'd of the spring F. In order that the parts may be rigidly secured together and to the clamping-bars, they will desirably be soldered or brazed upon each other and to the parts of said bars. In

`the 'lower post the fillin g-plug d3 will serve as a shoulder against which the inner end of the post-section D will rest when at the inner limit of its movement. Any suitable means may be employed, however, for rigidly securing said parts together and to the clamping` bars; but that shown is simple and effective for the purpose designed. The particular arrangement ot' said impaling-posts as herein shown is obviously not essential. The manner of telescoping the parts upon each other may be reversed, and the arrangement of the sleeves on the post-sections maybe changed as desired.

It will be desirable that some means be employed for automatically separating the covers A and B when the locking mechanism is released. In the present instance I have shown a spiral spring F interposed between the opposing shoulder formed by the inner ends of the filling-plugs d2 in the opposite ends of each of the impaling-posts. A guidepin F' is secured in the lower filling-plug d3, which extends upwardly through said spring to hold itin place. This is a simple and effective means for automatically separating said covers; butitis obvious that other means may be employed, and I do not wish, therefore, to be restricted to the construction herein shown. Any suitable means may be employed for locking said covers from movement with relation to each other when they have been properly adjusted upon the sheets contained between the same. That. herein shown consists of a two-part telescoping postsection located centrally between the impaling-posts and which forms an additional bearing and support for the leaves. Said sections forming said locking-post are construct-y ed and operate similarly to the sections of the impaling-posts shown and described. It

is herein shown as of oblong shape in crosssection and mounted with its longer diameter at right angles to the adjacent clamping-bars. Saidpost comprises two tubular post-sections E E2, secured to the clamping-bars A' B', respectively, at their opposite ends. The postsection E2 is herein shown as made of such size'as to it within the tubular interior of the post-section E and to have telescopic connection therewith. As in the construction of the impaling-posts, said post-sections of the locking-post are provided with oppositely-arranged half sleeve-sections E2 E4, so arranged as to engage each other at their inner edges when the posts are tclescoped upon each other to form together a complete inclosure for said post-sections and to thereby afford a uniform and continuous bearing for the sheets of paper engaged therewith. As shown in Fig. 7, each sleeve-section covers one edge of the post and engages the opposite sleeve-section on cach side of said post midway between said edges. Obviously, however, said sleeve-sections may be otherwise arranged upon the post-sections, as desired. As the post-section E2 is arranged to telescope within the section E, the wall of said section E must pass, therefore, between the wall of the section E2 and the half sleeve-section E4. In order to provide such space between the sleevesection and the adjacent wall of the postsection, a filling-plug cof the same shape as said half-sleeve is attached to the base of the post-- section E2, adjacent to and engaged by said sleeve-section. Said plug e will of course be of sufficient thickness to provide ample space between said sleeve and post sections for the insertion of the wall of the post-section E'. This is a sim ple and convenient means of providing such space; but obviously any other suitable means may be employed to eifect the same result. Like the construction of the impaling-post sections, the half sleeve-section E3, attached to the post-section E', will be brazed or otherwise secured rigidly thereto throughout its length, as clearly shown in Figs. 6 and 7, both of said members passing entirely outside of the post-section E2. The lower post-section and attached sleeve-section will be secured to the lower clam ping-bar B in a manner similar to the attachment of the impaling-posts, as described. Said parts lare inserted in an aperture formed in the inner side of said clamping-bar, so that the eXtreme ends thereof will extend inwardly to the pasteboard filling-strip B4, and the parts thereof will be soldered together and tothe adjacent parts of the clamping-bar, as hereinbefore described. To secure additional strength, the extreme ends ofthe sections maybe turned outwardly upon the outer surface of theI U- shaped strap, as shown in Fig. 6. As in the construction of the impaling-post sections, the lower end of the section E2 is provided with a filling-plug e', which will preferably be soldered therein. In order to provide room for the actuating means-for the locking mech- IOO anism, the upper end of the post E will be extended iiush with the outer surface of the U-shaped strip A2 only at the opposite edges c3 thereof, as shown in Fig. 5, while the opposite sides c4 will be folded down upon the upper surface of the lower member of said strap. The sleeve-section E3, therefore, will be terminated on the opposite sides of said postsection fiush with said upper surface of the lower member of the strip and be engaged by said turned-down portion of the post-section. A filling-block e2 is inserted in the upper end of the post-section E', and the parts thus constructed and arranged will preferably be soldered to each other and to the parts of the clamping-bar A', as before described.

The looking mechanism is herein shown as comprising two rot-ative shafts G, located in the opposite sides of the locking-post E. Said shafts extend at their upper ends through apertures in the opposite ends of the oblong fillin g-block c2 and are adapted to be engaged between their ends by a suitable locking mechanism secured within the tubular post E. As herein shown, said rotative shafts G are provided on their inner surfaces with ratchetteeth g, which are adapted to be engaged by spring-pressed pawls g", pivotally mounted on a suitable bracket inserted in said post. Said bracket is herein shown as formed by a vertically-extending U-shaped strap G' and a block G2, secured between the free lower ends of the same by means of rivets g4 and is inserted between the rotative shafts G and secured in place by means of a rivet g5 passing therethrough and into the post-section E2. The bracket is herein shown as suitably shaped at each side thereof to engage the cylindric shafts G. Said pawls g are pivotally mounted upon the upper end of the bracket and are pressed outwardly into engagement with the ratchet-teeth by means of two springs gt, mounted at their lower ends in the lower end block G2. The upper ends of said rotative shafts G are adapted to be detachably connected with the post-section E', so as to have movement therewith, as hereinafter more fully set forth. As the rotative shafts G and the locking-pawls g' are mounted upon the post-sections E and E2, respectively, it will be obvious that as said post-section E is telescoped upon said section E2 and the ratchet-teeth of the shaft moved .relatively to the spring-pressed pawls g said pawls will act to automatically lock the sections together. In order to release the pawls from engagement with the ratchet-teeth, it will be necessary to rotate said shafts G upon their vertical axes, so as to move said teeth away from the pawls g. As shown in Figs. 5, 6, and S, this is accomplished by providing the upper ends of the shafts G above the filling-block e2 with rigidly-attached key-engaging arms G3. In order to provide room for said arms to swing outwardly, the upper member of the U-shaped strap A is shown in Fig. 5 as cut away to form an irregular-shaped opening therein. It is desirable that the shafts should be maintained in their locked relation with the pawls when not engaged by a key, which result is accomplished by means of leaf-springs Q7, shown as mounted in the adjacent edges of the upper member of the U-shaped strap on opposite sides of said key-engaging arms and adapted to press inwardly upon said arms. The arms G3 are so mounted upon the shafts G with relation to the ratchet-teeth g that when said arms are in the position shown in Fig. 5 said teeth willbe engaged by the springpressed pawls g. The filling-block c2 is provided between the said shafts G with an apert ure g8 for the reception of the shaft of a key to center the same when said key is inserted between the arms to swing them outwardly and to thereby release the locking mechanism. A binding-plate or lock-coverH is secured over the lock-actuating mechanism by means of screws h, passing therethrough and into the iron filling-plate A3. When said plate or cover is thus secured in place, it forms a shoulder, against which the upper end of the shafts abut, so that said shafts are locked between said plate and the block e2 and from movement with relation to the post-section E. It will thus be obvious that when the clamping-bars are pressed together the shafts will be caused to move upon the pawls and to be locked thereby, as before described. The shafts G are herein shown as centered Within the plate II by being provided with reduced end portions e5, which pass upwardly through suitable apertures in said plate. An escutchcon-plate I is mounted over the plate II and is herein shown as secured in position by means of integral interiorly-screw-threaded lugs t', which pass downwardly through the clamping-bar A' and are engaged by a suitable screw a', passing upwardly through the other side of said bar. This means of securing said escutcheon-plate I in place will obviously prevent unauthorized persons from tampering with the lock, as it will be impossible for the said plate I to be removed when the cover A is in its normal position upon the sheets C. It will be understood that the plates H and I will be provided with key-apertures, by means of which a suitable key may be inserted therethrough to engage the arms G3.

In Fig. 1S is shown still another form of actuating means for the locking mechanism. In said figure, J designates actuating arms or segments rigidly secured to the rotating shafts G. Said arms are herein shown as actuated by means of the locking-bolt K of a tumblerlock K. In the present instance said bolt is made in the form of a rack-bar, which is adapted to rest between and engage corresponding gear-teeth on the adjacent inner ends of said segments. With this construction when the locking-bar K' is in its locking position, with the ratchet-teeth in engagement with the adjacent teeth of the aotuating-segments J, said segments will be locked IOO IIO

from movement. When the bolt K is pro- Y jected, however, it will operate to move the be formed on an are of a circle whose radius is equal to the distance between said teeth points of pivot of the arms.

are rotated by means of a suitable key M,

and the point of pivot of the arms, so that said segments will have operative engagement with the bar throughout their are of movement. Such lock will obviously afford greater protection against the book being.

'tampered with by unauthorized persons than the lock previously described and will be.

more positive in its operation.

In Fig. 19 is shown still another form of actuating means for the locking mechanism. In said figure the arms L arey provided on v'their adjacent inner ends with'gear-teeth and are of 'such length that said teeth have engagement with each other instead of with an intermediate reciprocating member, as in the previously-described construction. The gearvteeth on the adjacent ends of the arms L, as in the construction shown in Fig. 18, will be formed on the arc of a circle whose radius is equal to the distance between the same and A'which is so located when inserted in the lock that the web thereof will engage between its ndsone of the segments at the outer corner thereof or at the intersection of the curved with one of its straight sides. Said key M 'thus located is adapted to be turned inwardly toward the adjacent segment L, which will act to oscillate said segment upon its pivot away from the key, which will in turn oseillate'the other segment L by its engagement therewith. Said parts are so constructed and arranged that when the web ofthe key has 'reached a' horizontal position, as shown in 'dotted lines, the shafts G will be rotated so that the gear-teeth g will be out of engage- 'ment with the pawls g'. When in said position, the web of the key M will act as a stop to prevent backward movement of the segments L, so as to maintain the shafts in their unlocked relation. The segments will be engaged by suitable springs L to return the shafts to their locking position when the key M is disengaged from `the segment L.- A stop N will desirablybe provided to limit the movement of the key when the segment has been sufficiently oscillated to disengage the shafts from the pawl.

After the book has been filled it will not be 'necessary to entirely detach the covers from each other, as the sheets will be gradually removed therefrom and new ones replaced 'therein in the manner hereinbefore described. In order to prevent detachment of the sections .from each other, the lower ends of the rotating locking-shafts are each shown as provided with notches or recesses g, which are so located upon the shaft as to be engaged by the spring-pressed pawls when said shafts are Said segmen ts moved `upwardly and turned so that the ratchet-teeth g are out of engagement with the pawls. It will be desirable to lock the covers in their separated position when the sheets are to be transferred, as shown in Fig. 1. This may be accomplished by providing the upper portion of the notches or recesses Q9 with downwardly-facing shoulders and by providing the pawls g with laterally-project ing parts glo, having upwardlyfaeing shoulders adapted to engage the shoulders of the notches gf. Vhen the pawls g and notches gf are thus formed and are engaged with each other, as described, the shafts Gwill be prevented from moving upon the ratchets until rotated by means of a key, and the covers will be entirely out of the way of the operator when transferring. It will be obvious, however, that one rotating locking-shaft and one spring-pressed pawl maybe employed instead of two, as shown. It will also be obvious that the lockingl mechanism may be located within each of the impaling-posts instead of in a separate locking-post,- as herein shown.

In Fig. 15 I have shown a somewhat-modi- Iied form of sheet.` In said ligure the impaling-post apertures C are located as in Figs. 1 and 2; but the locking-post aperture C2 is shown as being located entirely within the sheet and as being connected with the margin thereof by means of Aa short slit c2 like that of the impaling-post apertures. The lockingpost of a binder with which said sheet will be employed will obviously need to be set slightly farther inwardly from the edge than that shown in Fig. 1, and the sheet will therefore have a larger bearing than in said other construction. The sheet shown in Figs. 1 and2 is, however, deemed the preferable form, as

IOO

it may be more readily inserted into a binder,

for the reason that the locking-post aperture c opening its full width into the margin of the sheet forms a guide for the sheet, so that particular attention need not be given to the impaling-post apertures when said sheet is being inserted. In said Figs. la and 15 is illustrated the manner in which the sheets are engaged by the impaling and locking posts, that shown in Fig. 14- indicatiug the IIO sheets engaged by the upper ends of the posts post E affords a continuous bearing throughout its length for both sides of the sheets, and while the lower sheets will not have engage- Y ment therewith at the forward edge of the same longitudinal movement thereof will be prevented by engagement with the im paling- In the upper Vstill have engagement with each other.

posts, as clearly shownin said Figs. 1l and' 15. It will be understood from the above that it is not essential that the impaling-posts be cylindrical, as shown, but they maybe made of any cross-section desired.

It may be found desirable to provide an inclosing covering for the rearedge of the book formed in the manner described, and in Figs. 2O and 2l is shown a convenient means for accomplishing this result. As shown in said figures, O and P designate suitable inclosing flaps secured to the upper and lower covers, respectively. Said iiaps are mounted to extend at right angles to the covers and are adapted to have sliding engagement with each other at their free edges. Each fiap will desirably he made of such length as to fill the space between the covers when the post-sections are in their innermost positions, so that when said sections are moved to the outer limit of their movement the said flaps will One of said iiaps will desirably have such interiitting engagement with the other that they will not tend to spring away from each other, and in the present instance the flap P is made somewhat wider than the flap 0, and the opposite outer ends are so folded as to engage the inner side of said flap O, so that the part-s have telescopic engagement with each other. Said flaps O and P may be made of any suitable material which will possess sufficient rigidity to withstand the wear to which they will be subjected and may be secured to the upper and lower covers in any preferred manner. Said inclosing flaps may be finished on their outer faces to simulate the back of a bound volume.

I claim as my inventionl. A paper-binding device, comprising two clamping-bars and an impaling-post, comprising two post-sections secured at their outer ends to said clamping-bars, and having sliding engagement at their inner ends, said postsections being provided on their opposite sides with half sleeve-sections.

2. A paper-bindingdevice, comprising two clamping-bars and an impaling-post comprising two post-sections secured at their outer ends to said clam ping-bars having telescopic engagement at their inner ends, said sections being provided on their opposite sides with half sleeve-sections, which together form a complete sieeve inelosing said post-sections.

3. A means for locking together the two clamping-bars of a paper-binder, comprising a rotating notched shaft on one of said bars, a

' pawl mounted on the other bar and adapted with a rotating notched shaft, which has locking engagement with the other section.

5. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars and a locking device for locking the said bars and comprising two telescopic postsections, attached at their outer ends to said bars, one of said sections being provided with a rotating notched shaft and the other section being provided with a spring-pressed pawl, adapted to have locking engagement with said shaft.

6. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars and a locking device for lockingsaid bars together, comprising two telescopic postsections of oblong shape in cross-section, attached at their outer ends to said bars, one of said sections being provided with two rotating notched shafts and the other section being provided with two spring-pressed pawls adapted to have locking engagement with the shafts of said first-mentioned section.

7. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars and a locking device for locking said bars together, comprising two telescopic postsections rigidly attached at their outer ends to the clamping-bars, one of said sections heilig provided on each side thereof with a rotating shaft, each provided on its inner side with a plurality of teeth, and the other section bcing provided with a central plate carrying at one end thereof two spring-pressed pawls adapted to be pressed into locking engagement with the teeth of said shafts.

8. A paper-binder, comprising two clampingbars, two impaling-posts at one edge thereof,each comprising two post-sections attached at their outer ends to said bars and having sliding engagement at their inner ends, and means for locking said bars together, comprising two rotating notched shafts, attached to one of said bars and two spring-pressed pawls attached to the other bar and adapted to have locking engagement with said shafts.

A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars,two im palin g-posts at one edge thereof, each comprising two post -sections attached at their outer ends to said bars and havingsliding engagementattheiriuner ends, and means for locking said bars together, comprising two rotating notched shafts, two spring-pressed pawls adapted to have locking engagement with said shafts and means for rotating each of said shafts to disengage the same from the pawls comprising a springpressed crank-arm at one end thereof, said arms being adapted to he oscillated t-o rotate the shafts.

lO. A paper-binder comprising two clamping-bars and a locking device for locking said bars together, comprising two telescoping post-sections sattached at their outer ends to said bars and having sliding engagement at their inner ends,one of said sections being provided with a rotating notched shaft which has locking engagement with the other shaft and means for rotating said shaft, comprising a crank-arm secured to said shaft, and means IOO for engaging the crank-arm to rotate the shaft.

1l. A paper-binder comprising two clamping-bars and a locking device for locking said bars together, comprising two telescoping postfsections attached at their outer ends to said bars and having sliding engagement at their inner ends, one of Said sections being provided with a rotating notched shaft which has locking engagement with the other shaft, and means for rotating said shaft, comprising a crank-arm secured to said shaft, and means for engaging the crankarm to rotate the shaft, comprising a rack-bar operatively connected at one end with alocking-bolt and engaging gear-teeth on said arm.

12. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars, telescopic impaling-posts for holding the sheets of paper in place and a telescopic locking-post passing through said Sleeves, each of said posts being provided on opposite sides thereof with half sleeve-sections to give uniform and continuous bearin g for the sheets of paper engaged therewith.

13. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars, an impaling-post for holding the sheets of paper in place, comprising two tubular post-sections attached at their outer ends to the bars and having telescopic engagement at the inner ends, means for locking said posts together' and means for automatically separating the same when the locking mechanismis released, comprising an eX- pansion-spring within said tubular post-sections and acting against opposing shoulders therein to separate the same.

14:. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars, means for holding the sheets of paper between the same and means for locking the said bars together, comprising a rotating notched shaft, attached to one of said bars, and a spring-pressed pawl attached to the other bar and adapted to have locking engagement with thenotches of said shaft, the lower notch of said shaft being so located thereon as to be in position to engage the pawl when the other notches are moved out of engagement therewith.

15. A paper-binder, comprising two clamping-bars, means for holding the sheets of paper between the same and means for locking thesaid bars together, comprising a rotating shaft attached to' one of said bars, provided between its ends with a plurality of ratchetteeth and at its extreme inner end remote from said ratchet-teeth with a notch or recess and a spring-pressed pawl attached to the other bar and adapted to have locking engagement with said ratchet-teeth, said end notch or recess of the shaft being so located thereon as to be in position for engagement with the pawl when the ratchet-teeth are' moved ont of engagement therewith.

16. A paper-binder comprising two clampin g-hars, means for holding the sheets of paper between the same, and means for locking said bars together comprising a rotating notched shaft attached to one of said bars, and a spring-pressed pawl attached to the other bar and adapted to have locking engagement with the notches of said shaft, the lower notch of said shaft being so located thereon as to be in position to engage the pawl when the other notches are moved out of engagement therewith, and said lower notch being so formed that when the pawl is engaged therewith, it will limit the outward movement of the shaft.

17. A paper-binder, comprising two rigid bars and an impaling-post for holding the sheets of paper in place between the same, comprising two tubular post-sections, one of which is adapted to telescope upon the other, said post-sections being provided on opposite sides thereof with half sleeve-sections,'and the sleeve-section which is attached to the inner one of the post-sections being so connected therewith as to leave a space between the same and said inner section for the adjacent Wall of the outer post-section.

18. In a cover for apaper-binder, comprising a main cover-section and a clamping-bar at one edge thereof,a hinge between said main cover-section and clamping-bar, comprising a link having pivotal engagement at each end with parallel pins or shafts in the adjacent edges of said bar and section, and stops on said link adapted to engage shoulders on said bar and section.

19. Apaper-binder comprising two clamping-bars and locking device for locking said bars together, comprising one or more extensible posts attached to said bars, and a rotating notched shaft mounted on one of said bars and adapted to have locking engagement with the other bar.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I aiiix. my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of March, A. D. 1897.

CHRISTIAN H. STOELTING.

Vitnesses:

TAYLOR E. BROWN, CHARLns G. MAsoN.

IOC)