US646678A - Telephone-transmitter. - Google Patents

Description

No. 646,678. 4 Patented Apr. 6, 1900.

v E. E. CLEMENT.

TELEPHUNE TRANSMITTER.

(Application filgd Aug. 20, 16961,

(No Model.)

Tu: Nonms PErzRs co 6 PHOTO'LITHOM WASHINGTON. u.

'NITED STATES PATENT FF EDWVARD E. CLEMENT, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGN OR TO THE SUN ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 646,678, dated April 3, 1900.

Application filed August 20,1898. Serial No. 689,130. (No model.)-

To aZZ whom it may concern: bushing a. Screwed into and through this Be it known that I, EDWARD E. CLEMENT, a bushing is the hollow screw-threaded stem 1) citizen of the United States, and a resident of of a box B, which contains and forms a part IVashingtomintheDistrictof Columbia, have of the operative resistance-varying means.

5 invented a certain new and useful Improve- The box B is preferably of metal and has a mentin Telephone-Transmitters, of which the cover 13, centrally perforated and adj ustably following is a specification. secured to the box. On the inside face of the My invention relates to the class of telecover is secured an electrode E with a cenphone-t-ransmitters in which granular carbon tral perforation registering with the perfora- 10 is used as the resistance-varying means, and tion in the cover. Within the stem of the box has special reference to what are known as (shown at b) is an insulating-tube 11'. Restdifferentialtransmitters. In these instruing upon the bottom of the box, inside, is a ments more than one resistance-varying pair disk of paper coated with shellac, (shown atp.) is provided, the arrangement being such as- Resting on the paper disk is a metallic disk I5 topermitadouble-branched circuitto be used, or cup e, carrying the electrode E and prothe resistance at any given moment being devided with a cond noting-stem e, which passes creased in one branch and simultaneously inthrough the insulating-tube b in the stem Z). creased in the other. Within'the box 13 a cylindrical shell I)", of rub- The main trouble heretofore experienced her or paper, is disposed, and'fitted to recip- 20 with difierent-ial or pole-changing transmitrocate easily within this shell is an electrode ters, apart from t-he.c0mplicati0n of the cir- E, having on its peripherya washerof yieldcuits, has been the irregularity of their pering material e which permits free motion of formance and their difficulty of adjustment. the electrode, but prevents the granulated I provide a containing-box for the electrodes, carbon g from creeping under the edges there- 2 5 accurately centered within the transmitterof. I have made this Washer, as shown, of a shell and having all the operative parts in ring of plush or velvet, secured by a wrapline, thus avoiding all torsional strains and ping of thread 'in a peripheral groove on the making the action very true and direct, while electrode; but any other form is contemplated the adjustment, once made, is not easily lost; by my invention.

30 My invention is fully illustrated in the ac- Rigidly secured to the electrode E is a stem companying drawings, wherein the same let- S, of conducting material, screw-threaded on ters refer to the same parts throughout. its extremity and jacketed for the greater part Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a secof its length. by an insulating-tube s. The tional View of the transmitter complete. Fig. stem so protected passesthrough the perfora- 5 2 is a sectional view on the line A B of Fig. 1, tion in the front electrode E and in the cover lookingin the direction ofthearrow. Fig. 3 is B and through a central perforation in the a detail view showing all the parts of the elecdiaphragm D, to which it is firmly secured trode box or buttonseparated or opened out by means of the nuts 41 and n, which screw on the line of their common axis. Fig. 4 isa upon its extremity, one on each side of the 40 diagram of thecircuits. diaphragm.

In the drawings, A is a shell adapted to con- Referring to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the tain all the parts of the transmitter and to electrodes E and E are connected to the exsupport the diaphragm D. Secured to the tremities of the primary 5 of the inductionshell by side screws, as shown, or in any other coil, the secondary 6 of which is to line. The 45 suitable manner, isacap A, carryingamouthmiddle or movable electrode E is connected, 5 piece M. In practice this cap is made much through the local battery 4 by wire 3, to the flatter than shown in the drawings, where the middle point of the primary. The operation shape is exaggerated for ease of illustration. with such connection is obvious. As the The shellAhasarearWardly-extending pernormal current-flow is in opposite directions 50 forated nipple a,'provided with an insulatingthrough the primary, the core remains ueu- 10o trala very favorable condition for delicacy of transmission. A change due to one oscillation of the diaphragm and its connected electrode E causes current to rise in one half of the primary and simultaneously to fall in the other half,'and as these effects are opposite the resultant action on the secondary produces a strong rise in one direction through the whole length of the secondary equal to the sum of the individual effects. On the reverse oscillation the current in the secondary first sinks to zero and then reverses to an equal degree, clean-cut reversals thus being produced.

Many advantages i-nhere in the arrangement of the electrodes shown. All of the three circuits issue at the back of the shell,

where in a proper socket (not shown) suitable cooperative connections are provided. One circuit is by way of the nipple a and shell A to the diaphragm, and thence through the stem S to the central electrode E'. The second circuit is by way of the lock-nuts b on stem Z) to box B, lid 13,, and electrode E The third circuit is by the central stem or wire 6 within tube 1) to disk 6 and electrode E. All the parts have a common axis, upon which they are centered once for all, and the box B, with all the operative parts, may be manufactured and handled as a unit self-contained, being attached to the instrument only by the screw-stem b and the nuts 17. and n.

I do not wish to be limited to the specific details of construction shown and described, as many of them may obviously be changed without affecting the character of the invention as a whole.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a telephone-transmitter, a shell or casing in two parts, a diaphragm clamped between the parts, an orifice in the rear part and an insulating-bushing therein a conducting-stem adjustably supported in said bushing and having one end accessible as a contact from the outside of the shell, an electrode-box carried upon the stem inside of the shell or casing and independently of the bushing, fixed and movable electrodes, in the box,

and a connection between the diaphragm and the movable electrode, substantially as described.

2. In a telephone-transmitter a shell or casing and a diaphragm, a front and rear electrode supported rigidly but adjustablyin said casing, a movable electrode between the fixed electrodes, and a rigid connection from said movable electrode through the front fixed electrode to the diaphragm, substantially as described.

3. In a telephone-transmitter a diaphragm, a metallic shell or casing, an orifice therein, an insulating-bushing in said orifice, a hollow screw-threaded stem adjustable in said bushing, a closed metallic box carried by said stem, two rigid electrodes in said box, one carried directly thereby, and one insulated therefrom, a movable electrode between the rigid electrodes, insulated from the box but both electrically and mechanically connected to the diaphragm, and an insulated circuit connection passing from the insulated rigid electrode through the hollow stem, substantially as described.

4. In a telephone-transmitter a diaphragm, two rigid electrodes, and a movable electrode between them, a rigid connection from the movable electrode through one of the rigid electrodes to the diaphragm, and granular conducting material between the electrodes, substantially as described.

5. In a telephonic transmitter a self-contained resistance-varying button or capsule, consisting of a metallic box with a perforated cover and a hollow stem, an insulated electrode seated in the box, and having its elec' trical connect-ion led through the stem, another electrode perforated and fixed to the inside of the cover, a movable electrode between the fixed electrodes and having an insulated stem extending through the perforation in the cover and its attached electrode, and granular carbon in the box between the electrodes, substantially as described.

0. In a telephone-transmitter, the combination of two relatively-central and two relatively-lateral electrode-faces, one pair being movable and one rigid in the supportingframe, granular conducting material situated between the adjacent central and lateral electrode-faces, a diaphragm and a positive connection between the two movable electrodefaces whereby they are moved in absolute synchronism with the diaphragm and so as to simultaneously relax the pressure on one mass of granular material and increase it on the other mass.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of August, A. D. 1898.

EDWARD E. CLEMENT.

In presence of WM. D. GHARKY, ROBERT OSBORNE, Jr.

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