US645623A - Process of refining distilled grease. - Google Patents
Process of refining distilled grease. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US645623A US645623A US68879598A US1898688795A US645623A US 645623 A US645623 A US 645623A US 68879598 A US68879598 A US 68879598A US 1898688795 A US1898688795 A US 1898688795A US 645623 A US645623 A US 645623A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- distilled
- residual products
- soap
- grease
- benzol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000735495 Erica <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/295—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with inorganic bases, e.g. by alkali fusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
- C11D13/04—Continuous methods therefor
Definitions
- This'invention is applicable to greases obtained by distilling oleaginous matterswith su-
- the material is split up chemically and the distillate is found to consist of oleic and stearic acids (and sometimes other acids, depending on the matter distilled) dissolved in or combined with matters consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen and which I will hereinafter call the residual products.
- this invention is designed to separate the residual products from the fatty acids and obtain both in a salable form.
- the saponifiable matters in the grease be saponified with a slight excess of caustic alkali the resulting soap is soluble in dilute alcohol, while the residual products are not. These latter therefore separate and rise to the surface on the whole being allowed to stand.
- the separation is not, however, complete; but if another light hydrocarbon insoluble in dilute alcohol-such, for instance, as benzol be added this greatly assists the heavier residual products to rise and separate from the soap solution.
- the benzol be added at first a much larger amount of benzol is required to be added than when as much of the residual products as will easily separate without it are separated first. In the last instance all the benzol can be used for diluting the small residual quantity of hydrocarbon. Consequently much less is required than if the benzol be added with the alcohol.
- distilled grease-that is, the grease which is distilled over and condensed when animal or vegetable oils or greases are distilled (see Campbell Morfits book, published by Parry & McMillan, of Philadelphia, in 1856, page 485, et sequitu -r)and saponify the saponifiable matters in it by a slight excess of a solution of caustic alkali and add to it about three and a half times its bulk of ethyl or methyl alcohol or methylated spirits, (which is a combination of the two largely used in England,) and I allow the mixture to stand.
- the alcohol is added, as combined with the water of the saponified mass it will dissolve the soap, but will not dissolve the residual products.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
NITED STATES PATENT Erica.
JOHNIIOPKINSON, OF BRADFORD, ENGLAND.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 645,623, dated March 20, 1900.
Application filed August 17, 1398- Serial No; 688,795. (No specimens.)
To all z uhmn it may concern:
Be it known that 1, JOHN HOPKINSON, asubject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Bradford, in the county of York, England,
' perheated steam.
have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Treatment of Distilled Grease, of which the following is a specification.
This'invention is applicable to greases obtained by distilling oleaginous matterswith su- In the distillation of these greases the material is split up chemically and the distillate is found to consist of oleic and stearic acids (and sometimes other acids, depending on the matter distilled) dissolved in or combined with matters consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen and which I will hereinafter call the residual products. It has hitherto been found impracticable to separate the fatty acids from the residual products, as they distil substantially at the same temperature, and if the acids be saponified the residual products dissolve in the soap and spoil it.
Now this invention is designed to separate the residual products from the fatty acids and obtain both in a salable form. I find that if the saponifiable matters in the grease be saponified with a slight excess of caustic alkali the resulting soap is soluble in dilute alcohol, while the residual products are not. These latter therefore separate and rise to the surface on the whole being allowed to stand. The separation is not, however, complete; but if another light hydrocarbon insoluble in dilute alcohol-such, for instance, as benzol be added this greatly assists the heavier residual products to rise and separate from the soap solution. If, however, the benzol be added at first, a much larger amount of benzol is required to be added than when as much of the residual products as will easily separate without it are separated first. In the last instance all the benzol can be used for diluting the small residual quantity of hydrocarbon. Consequently much less is required than if the benzol be added with the alcohol.
In carrying out my invention I take distilled grease-that is, the grease which is distilled over and condensed when animal or vegetable oils or greases are distilled (see Campbell Morfits book, published by Parry & McMillan, of Philadelphia, in 1856, page 485, et sequitu -r)and saponify the saponifiable matters in it by a slight excess of a solution of caustic alkali and add to it about three and a half times its bulk of ethyl or methyl alcohol or methylated spirits, (which is a combination of the two largely used in England,) and I allow the mixture to stand. The alcohol is added, as combined with the water of the saponified mass it will dissolve the soap, but will not dissolve the residual products. A large proportion of the residual products consequently rise, being lighter than the solution of soap, and they are now skimmed off, as by so doing less benzol is required in the next step of the process than if they were allowed to stand, and consequently allowed to dilute the benzol. When the hydrocarbon oil ceases to rise freely and what has risen has been skimmed off, coal-tar benzol or other light hydrocarbon solvent is added a little at a time and agitated with the soap. By thus agitating it-with the soap the remaining residual products which are mechanically mixed with the soap in a state of fine division or emulsion are enabled to combine with it, and the benzol, being exceedingly light,.assists in buoying up the residual products to the surface. These residual products and the benzol in solution are next skimmed off and further benzol added with agitation and again skimmed off and the process continued until all the residual products have been removed from the soap. The soap is now freed from the spirits by distillation and is ready for finishing in ordinary course. In practice benzol to about one-fourth of the bulk of the impure soap operated upon is used. The solution of residual products is also freed from the benzol or other light hydrocarbon by distillation and is a valuable machinery-oil; the light distillate being used again for separating further residual products in the first part of the process. Instead, however, of finishing the soap as above mentioned I may, if
desirable, acidify it with an excess of mineral or organic acid in the manner well known, and thus obtain a mixture of stearic and oleic acid and a solution of the soda salt of the mineral or organic acid which was added. The mixture of stea'ric or oleic acid, which is much lighter than the salt solution, and consequently floats on the top, is in such case skimmed ofi, is crystallized in bulk, and is submitted to hydraulic pressure to separate the solid stearic acid from the liquid oleic acid. The latter is known in commerce as olein. The solid stearic acid is now ready for the manufacture of candles, and the olein can be used for lubricating wool or for making soap or for any other purposes for which it is now applied.
I declare that What I claim is 1. The treatment of distilled grease containing unsaponifiable matter which consists in treating them with a solution of caustic alkali and ethyl or methyl alcohol, skimming ofi the residual products which rise and adding a little at a time with agitation to the remainder a solution of light hydrocarbon such as coal-tar benzol insoluble in methyl or ethyl alcohol and distilling each solution separately, substantially as described.
2. The process of obtaining soap from distilled or other grease containing unsaponifiable matter which consists in fully saponifyin g with caustic alkali adding methyl or ethyl alcohol whereby the residual products become insoluble in the soap and separating the residual products substantially as described, distilling off the spirits and finishing the soap.
3. The process of separating residual prod ucts from distilled grease which consists in fully saponifying the saponifiable matter in the grease, dissolving the same in methyl or ethyl alcohol whereby the greater portion of the residual products separate and float on the surface and can be skimmed off and separating the remainder of the residual products by adding a light hydrocarbon such as benzol insoluble in dilute spirits a little at a time with agitation and skimming 0E, and separating the light residual products from the heavier ones by distillation whereby they can be used again in the first operation.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 3d day of August, 1898, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
JOHN I'IOPKINSON.
Witnesses:
WILLIAM SERNTON, DAN OoATEs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68879598A US645623A (en) | 1898-08-17 | 1898-08-17 | Process of refining distilled grease. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68879598A US645623A (en) | 1898-08-17 | 1898-08-17 | Process of refining distilled grease. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US645623A true US645623A (en) | 1900-03-20 |
Family
ID=2714199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68879598A Expired - Lifetime US645623A (en) | 1898-08-17 | 1898-08-17 | Process of refining distilled grease. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US645623A (en) |
-
1898
- 1898-08-17 US US68879598A patent/US645623A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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