US644664A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 6, |900. F. A. DALEY.

F U R N A C E.

(Application filed Mar. 23, 1896.)

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Pa'tmd Mar. s, |900. F. A. DALEY.

F U B N A C E.

(Application led Mar. 23, 1896.)

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NITED STATES^ l PATENT CF1-relee FRED A. DALEY, OF LA GRANGE, ILLINOIS.

FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 644,664, dated March 6, 1900.

Application tiled March 23, 1396. Serial No. 584,423. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, FRED A. DALEY, a citizen of theUnited States,residing at La Grange, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, (Oase No. 1,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to furnaces in which draft is afforded to burning fuel by means of twyer-openings arranged along the sides of the retort.

My invention is of special utility in connection with that class of furnaces in which elongated fuel-retorts are employed into which the fuel is fed by means of a primary feeding mechanism located exterior to the retort and a secondary feeding mechanism located within the retort, the air being directed toward the central portion of the retort through twyer-openings located above the bottom of the retort and along the sides thereof. Heretofore air has been conveyed through these openings by means of twyer-boxes communieating with the twyer-openings and blastpipes through which air is forced under pressure. In furnaces of this character it has heretofore been proposed to provide means for closing the ash-pit to prevent the backflow of gases and for other purposes, said means usually being in the form of iron deadplates located along the sides of the elongated retort, and while by these dead-plates or sealin g devices the desired result was effected dead-plates of iron by reason of the excessive and uncounteracted heat would be destroyed in a very short time, thus necessitating the frequent renewal thereof.

My invention has for its object, first, the provision of improved means for conveying air under pressure through the twyer-openings, whereby the expensive twyer boxes heretofore employed for this purpose may be dispensed with, and, second, in so constructing furnaces employing dead-plates that the dead-plates .may be cooled by the incoming air under pressure before t-he air is directed upon the burning fuel, so that the life of the dead-plates may be greatly increased, and it is in connection with furnaces employing dead-plates that my invention has its greatest utility.

Generally speaking, my invention consists in a fuel retort or conduit Within the furnace, the interior of the retort into which the fuel is fed having direct communication with the fire-box and, in fact, forming a part of the space of the lire-box. The space below the fire-box is sealed, preferably, to such an extent that communication between the tire-box and the space beneath the same cannot be had except by way of twyer-openings located along the retort. These twyer-openings in; stead of communicating with twyer boxes through which air is conveyed under pressure, as was heretofore the case, communicate directly with the inclosed space beneath the fire-box, to which inclosed space air is supplied under pressure, which by coming in direct contact with the dividing Walls or parts between the fire-box and the space beneath the same is heated somewhat before it is passed through the twyer-openings, whereby the combustion is promoted to a greater extent than Where the cold air is forced through twyer-boxes whose walls were not subjected to the heat from the tire-box above.

In the drawings, Figure l is alongitudinal sectional view of a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view thereof on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of furnace constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional view thereof on line 4 4, Fig. 3.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

In Figs. l and 2 I have illustrated a furnace to which my invention may be applied, comprising a chamber u, within which the elongated and horizontally-disposed fuel-retort b is located, a brick facing c being provided in the front end of said chamber, while a setting d is provided near the rear of said cylinder adapted. to support the rear end of the retort, this setting being carried, preferably, slightly above the horizontal diameter, over the top of which the products of combustion are adapted to pass. The facing and setting serve to make the space beneath the retort air-tight, except Where the air is admitted to and expelled from the same. The nues IOO ZAL

e are let into an end plate provided in the rear of the chamber, through which the products of combustion are passed in their egress to the chimney-way. The water that is to be evaporated to steam surrounds the chamber a and the iues e e, the water being contained within the cylinder a', the water-line being constantly above the chamber a to prevent the same from being burned out.

Arranged along each side of the retort b and within the chamber a are twyer-blocks ff. Each of the twyer-blocks is provided with openings ff', communicating` with the space g beneath the retort, to which space air, preferably under pressure, is supplied, dead-plates f2 f2 being preferably placed between the twyer-blocks and the wall of the heating-cylinder a, said space being practically air-tight, except at the point where the air is admitted. The walls of the retort and the dead-plates together' form walls of the fire-box, which separate the same from the space beneath the fire-box. A Y connection, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2, is provided, the branches g g? whereof are led through the facing c, while to the stem g3 of which a pipe leading to the blowing-engine may be attached.

Located at the bottom of the retort is a rod h, upon which are fastened pushing-blocks L, which are adapted to engage the fuel as the rod 7L is reciprocated. Fuel is admitted to the retort through the opening in the hopper t', the fuel being thrust forward within the retort by the head fz" as it is reciprocated. This mechanical stokcr forms no part of my invention, and I will not further describe its construction.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown the application of my invention to a furnace for heating the ordinary tubular boiler. The twyerblocks ff and dead-plates f 2 fs are associated with this apparatus, as shown and described in connection with Figs. l and 2. The heating-chamber, however, is of a different character, vertical walls 7c 7.; It' being provided which support the boiler. A bridge-wall k2 :is provided at the rear of the retort, between which and the boiler the products of combustion are passed to the chimney-way. The bridge-wall is provided with a sloping surface k3, upon which the clinker may form and from which it maybe readily removed. The space confined by the retort, twyer-blocks, dead-plates, walls 797s 7.1 L12, and the fioor 7a4 is practically air-tight, except at the points where the airis admitted thereto and expelled therefrom upon the burning fuel.

In furnaces provided with twyer-boxes which convey air under pressure to the twyerblocks located above the same dead-plates have sometimes been employed between the twyer-blocks and the furnace-Walls. In this form of furnace the dead-plates are liable to be warped by the excessive heat of the furnace, since there is no cool air present to counteract the heat.

In a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention the under sides of the dead: plates are constantly exposed to the incoming air, which counteracts the heat from above. I thus avoid the necessity of so frequent renewal of the dead plates, and by dispensing with the twyer-boxes as heretofore used there is secured a saving in complication and expense. The air being admitted first to the space beneath the fire-box becomes heated before it is driven into the fire-box. This results in a better and more complete combustion than is obtained when the air is introduced to the retort at a lower temperature.

The furnace constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of my invention employs side dead-plates which are imperforate, or sufficiently so, to maintain the air forced into the air-chamber beneath the side fuel-supports under pressure, so that the air will be forced in jets directly from the airchamber through the twyer-openings into the retort. I do not wish, however, t-o be limited to a construction in which the side fuel-supporting means along the upper edges of the fuel-retort are perfectly imperforate. By means of my improved construction the air that is forced into the air-chamber beneath the fire-box comes in contact with the walls of the fuel-retort and the fuel-supporting means arranged along t-he sides thereof, so that this air is heated before it is forced through the twyer-openings, whereby combustion of the fuel is further promoted. The inrushing air comes directly in contact with the walls of the retort, as well as with the fuelsupporting plates along the sides of the retort, so that these portions of the furnace are kept cool by the air, their life being thereby increased. Heretofore dead-plates inside the retort were likely to be Warped in the construction of furnaces employing tWyer-boxes.-

I do not claim, broadly, as my invention the combination in a mechanical stoker with a retort or fuel magazine provided with twyers adjacent to its upper inner edges, means to supply air to said twyers, a primary feed mechanism, and an auxiliary feed mechanism located in said retort, as this combination was well known prior to my present invention; nor do I claim, broadly, as my invention the combination, witlra furnace, of an underfeed-conduit, means for introducing fuel thereto, and means for introducing a blast of air to openings adjacent to the conduit, the bottom of said furnace being entirely closed adjacent to the sides of said conduit.

I do not wish to be limited in all embodiments of my invention to the employment of imperforate dead-plates. y

While I have shown my invention in its application to certain forms of boilers and embodied in a certain mechanical structure, I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to limit it in its application or details of construction to the precise formsshown; but

IOO

Having thus described myinvention, 'what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y l. In a furnace, the combination with a firebox, of an elongated horizontally-disposed fuel-retort, dead-plates upon each side of the retort, said retort and dead-plates serving to afford a sealed space beneath the fire-box and retort, twyer-openings provided along the longitudinal sides of the retort and affording communication between the lire-box and the space beneath the same, and means for forcing air under pressure into the space beneath the fire-box, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, an imperforate fuel-bearing surface and a retort, dividing the furnace into a {ire-box and an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishing communication be` tween the air-chamber and the iirebox, and means for conveying air under pressure to the air-chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace, the combination with a fuel-retort, of a fuel-supporting means alongside of the retort, said means and retort separating the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishing communication between the air-chamber and the iire-boX, and means for conveying air into and maintaining it under pressure in the airchamber, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace, the combination with a fuel-bearing plate, and a fuel-retort dividing the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishing communication between the air-chamber and the fire-box, and means for conveying air into and maintaining it under pressure in the airchamber, substantially as described.

5. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination with fuel-bearing plates and an elongated fuel-retort, the said retort being located between the plates and serving therewith to divide the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishing communication between the air-chamber and the hre-box, means for conveying air into and maintaining it under pressure in the airchamber, and means for forcing fuel into the retort, substantially as described.

6. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination with imperforate fuel-bearing plates and an elongated retort, the said retort being located between the plates and serving therewith to divide the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishing com munication between the air-chamber and the iire-box, means for conveying air under pressure to the air-chamber, and means for forcing fuel into the retort, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day of March, A. D. 1896.

FRED A. DALEY.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES A. BROWN, J oHN W. SINCLAIR.

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